ASHRAE 52 2 ADD C-2015 Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum c toANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2012Method of TestingGeneral VentilationAir-Cleaning Devicesfor Removal Efficiencyby Particle SizeApproved by ASHRAE on July 1, 2015, and by the American National Standards Institute on July 28, 2015.This addendum was approved by a Standing Standard

2、 Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standards Committee hasestablished a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures for timely, docu-mented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form, instructions,

3、 anddeadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from theSenior Manager of Standards. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAECustomer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atl

4、anta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Tele-phone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, goto www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2015 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a

5、 national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected int

6、erest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal juris

7、diction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standar

8、d. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior

9、Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its be

10、st efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in

11、accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform

12、 method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the n

13、eed for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee 52.2Cogniza

14、nt TC: 2.4, Particulate Air Contaminants and Particulate Removal EquipmentSPLS Liaison: Patricia T. GraefMichale D. Corbat,* Chair Zied Driss* Bruce N. McDonald*Kathleen Owen,* Vice-Chair Chris Fischer* Stephen W. Nicholas*Todd A. McGrath,* Secretary Thomas A. Justice* John S. Robertson*Richard K. C

15、hesson, Jr.* Carolyn M. L. Kerr* Christine Q. Sun*Kyung-Ju Choi* David Matier* Paolo M. Tronville*David B. Christopher* Phil Maybee* Alan C. Veeck* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20142015Richard L. Hall, Chair James W. Earley

16、, Jr. Mark P. ModeraDouglass T. Reindl, Vice-Chair Steven J. Emmerich Cyrus H. NasseriJoseph R. Anderson Patricia T. Graef Heather L. PlattJames Dale Aswegan Rita M. Harrold Peter SimmondsCharles S. Barnaby Adam W. Hinge Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Donald M. Brundage Srinivas Katipamula Jack H. ZarourJ

17、ohn A. Clark Debra H. Kennoy Julia A. Keen, BOD ExOWaller S. Clements Malcolm D. Knight Bjarne Wilkens Olesen, CODavid R. Conover Rick A. LarsonJohn F. Dunlap Arsen K. MelkovStephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of StandardsASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrige

18、rating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior writte

19、n permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum c to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2012 1(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may

20、contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDASHRAE RP-1287 presented several recommendations relatedto particle counter specifications, and SSPC 52.2 rev

21、iewed thefindings and incorporated a number of those recommenda-tions into this addendum. In addition, input from several parti-cle counter manufacturers was obtained to help ensure thatthe proposed recommendations are achievable and practical.These changes are to improve the reproducibility of the

22、test.For that reason, the particle counter is limited to one class ofcounters, specifically light-scattering optical particle coun-ters, which are currently in wide use. Additionally, stringentrequirements on the particle counters sizing resolution, cali-bration, sampling rate, and other performance

23、 factors arespecified. This addendum intends to make the specificationssufficiently (but not excessively) stringent and comprehensivein order to provide significantly improved reproducibility.Note: In this addendum, changes to the current standardare indicated in the text by underlining (for additio

24、ns) andstrikethrough (for deletions) unless the instructions specifi-cally mention some other means of indicating the changes.3.1 Definitionsaerosol particle counter (OPC): an instrument that samples,counts, and sizes aerosol particles. While several differenttechnologies exist for aerosol particle

25、counters (e.g., optical,aerodynamic, electrostatic mobility), only optical aerosol par-ticle counters based on light scattering are used in this stan-dard. Optical aerosol particle counters are often referred to as“OPCs” and, when the particles are sized into a number ofsizing channels, are also som

26、etimes referred to as “aerosolspectrometers.”4.6 Particle Counter(s). The particle counter specificationsconsist of the following:4.6.1 Permissible particle counters are optical particlecounters (OPCs) with wide angle collection optics or othercounters demonstrating good correlation in measuring par

27、ti-cle size efficiencies, such as aerodynamic particle counters(APCs).10An APC shall first be tested with KCl to establishthe relationship between the aerodynamic particle size andthe light-scattering particle size determined by an OPC. Cali-brate the APC with PSL and use the relationship to express

28、results as equivalent light-scattering size of KCl.a. Measurement technologyb. Size rangec. Counting efficiencyd. Resolution of particle size measuremente. Number of sizing channels and their boundariesf. Degree of monotonic response requiredg. Calibration methodsh. Sampling flow rate stabilityi. Ze

29、ro-count specificationj. Requirements when dual counters are usedk. Sample flow rate measurement and recording4.6.1 The aerosol particle counter shall be based on opticalparticle sizing and counting (i.e., light scattering). Theseinstruments are commonly known as “optical particle coun-ters” and als

30、o as “optical aerosol spectrometers.”4.6.2 The particle counter(s) shall be capable of counting-count and sizingsize individual KClaerosol particles in the0.30 to 10 m diameter size range.4.6.3 The counting efficiency shall be at least 50% for 0.3m NIST-traceable polystyrene latex (PSL) particles.4.

31、6.4 The sizing resolution of the particle counter shall be10% (standard deviation/mean) and shall be measured inaccordance with ISO 21501-1, ISO 21501-4, IEST-RP-CC014.1, or equivalent. The resolution shall be measured at aparticle size in the range of 0.5 to 0.7 m.4.6.5 The particle counter(s) shal

32、l measure the test aerosolgroup measured particles and then group them into 12 sizeranges. The range boundaries (based on the physical size ofthe KCl aerosolPSL calibration) shall conform to Table 4-1.4.6.6 The particle counters correlation of measuredresponse1110to physical particle size shall be m

33、onotonic forPSL particles from 0.30 to 10 m, such that only one sizerange shall be indicated for any measured response (i.e., anylack on monotonic response must be such that the associatedambiguity in particle size is contained within one channel ofthe particle counter).4.6.7 Particle counter calibr

34、ation shall conform to the fol-lowing:a. The OPC shall be calibrated in accordance with ISO21501-4.b. The calibration shall be performed with monodisperseNIST-traceable PSL.c. The calibration shall include at least one particle diameterin each of the ranges of 0.3 to 0.4 m, 9 to 11 m, and 4other siz

35、es in between.d. The size calibration of the particle counter shall be toreport the actual physical size of the PSL particles, and itshall be performedperformed at least annually.Addendum c to Standard 52.2-2012Add the following new definition to Section 3.1.Modify Section 4.6 as shown.10. An OPC de

36、termines particle size based on the intensity of theparticles scattered light. An APC determines particle size bymeasuring the time of flight of the particle. 11.10. Voltage, for example. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either

37、 print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum c to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2-20124.6.5 At least 90% of all observed counts shall register insize ranges 4 and 5 of Table 4-1 when the particle counter ischallenged with monodisperse 1.0 mm diame

38、ter PSL particles.4.6.8 The particle counter shall have less than 10% coinci-dence loss at a particle counting rate of 300,000 particles perminute12and shall have a minimum inlet volume flow rate of47.2 cm3/s (0.100 cfm). ThisThe inlet volume flow rate shallnot change more than 2% with a 1000 Pa (4.

39、0 in. of water wc)change in the pressure of the sampled air.4.6.9 The total measured particle concentrationcount rateshall be no moreless than 20010 particles/m3(5.66 particles/ft3) per minute when the particle counter is sampling air witha HEPAorULPAhigh-efficiency filter on its intake.4.6.10 Dual

40、particle counters, if used, shall be identicalmodels such that they are closely matched in design and sam-pling flow rate.4.6.11 The viewed sample flow rate of the particle countershall be recorded for each data sample.Informative Note: Some particle counters incorporatemeasurement of the viewed sam

41、ple flow rate within theinstrument and provide that measurement as part of the datastream associated with each sample. If the particle counterdoes not provide this output, provisions need to be made tocapture this information for each sample (such as adding amass flowmeter on the outlet stream from

42、the particle coun-ters sensor). For some particle counters, viewed sample flowrate can be significantly affected by duct pressure, which canchange with flow rate; the resistance of the test filter (cleanand with dust loading); and test duct setup (such as the diam-eter of the ASME flow nozzle and pr

43、essure drop of the outletHEPA filter bank). Changes in flow rate through the particlecounter sensor will directly change the particle count rate andlead to errors when computing the particle filtration efficiencyvalues. Changes in flow rate may also influence the particlecounter calibration.In some

44、cases, the influence of duct pressure can be sig-nificantly reduced by routing the exhaust of the particle coun-ter back to the duct to equalize (or reduce) the differentialpressure across the particle counter, by using a mass flowcontroller downstream of the particle counters sensor, or byadding a

45、controlled restriction in the exhaust line of the parti-cle counter.The viewed sample flow rate is that part of the samplestream that passes through the particle counters sensor. Inmany particle counters, 100% of the sample flow flowsthrough the sensor; in some counters and/or sampling sys-tems, the

46、 viewed sample flow is a fraction of the total sam-pled flow (to allow isokinetic sampling, reduced residencetime in sample line, etc.).5. APPARATUS QUALIFICATIONTESTING5.1 Apparatus qualification tests shall verify quantitativelythat the test rig and sampling procedures are capable of pro-viding re

47、liable particle size efficiency measurements. Thetests shall be performed in accordance with Table 5-1.Qualification tests shall be performed for:a. Air velocity uniformity in the test ductb. Aerosol uniformity in the test ductc. Downstream mixing of aerosold. Overload tests of the particle countere

48、. 100% efficiency testf. Correlation ratio testg. Aerosol generator response timeh. Duct leakage testi. Particle counter zeroj. Particle counter sizing accuracyk. Radioactivity of the aerosol neutralizerl. Dust feeder airflow ratem. Final filter efficiencyn. OPC documentationo. OPC flow-rate stabili

49、ty test5.15 OPC Documentation. Secure documentation from theparticle counter manufacturer (or other source) that verifiesthat each specific particle counter requirement of Section 4.6is being met.5.16 OPC Flow Rate Stability Check5.16.1 Install a flow restriction (such as an air filter or flownozzle) in the test section of the test duct that will provide atleast a 1000 Pa (4 in. wc) duct pressure difference betweenthe upstream OPC sampling location and the downstreamOPC sampling location when the duct is operated at a flowrate between 500 and 2000 cfm.5.16.2 Opera