ASTM D5066-91(2017) Standard Test Method for Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production Conditions for Spray Application of Automotive Paints—Weight Basis.pdf

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1、Designation: D5066 91 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forDetermination of the Transfer Efficiency Under ProductionConditions for Spray Application of Automotive PaintsWeight Basis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5066; the number immediately following the designation indica

2、tes the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for deter

3、mination ofthe transfer efficiency (using a weight method) under produc-tion conditions for in-plant spray application of automotivepaints as outlined in Section 18 of EPA 450/3-88-018.1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight ofthe paint solids sprayed and that deposited on the pain

4、ted part.The recommended approach involves painting the part directly.Also described is an alternative approach for painting partscovered with aluminum foil.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard

5、does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazardstatements are gi

6、ven in 10.1.8.1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Tech

7、nicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,and Related ProductsD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings2.2 USEPA/MVMA (Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Associa-tion) Standards:EPA 450/3-88-018 U.S. Env

8、ironmental Protection AgencyProtocol for Determining the Daily Volatile OrganicCompound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light DutyTruck Topcoat Operations3EPA Federal Reference Method 24 Determination of Vola-tile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, VolumeSolids, and Weight Solids, of Surface Co

9、atings43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 paint, nthe liquid material that is applied onto thepart to cover or coat the surfaces.3.1.2 transfer effciency, nthe ratio of the weight of paintsolids deposited to the total weight of paint solids used duringthe applicat

10、ion process, expressed as a percent.3.1.3 paint weight solids content, nthe weight of thenonvolatile materials in the liquid paint material divided by thetotal weight of the paint, times 100, determined by Test MethodD2369.3.1.4 paint density, nthe mass of a unit volume of theliquid paint material a

11、t any given temperature, determined byTest Method D1475.3.1.5 satellite paint supply system, na smaller, paint-circulating system separate from the main production paint-circulating supply system capable of supplying paint under thesame conditions.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The weight of the part

12、to be painted is determined beforeand after the paint application process. The weight of liquid1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coating

13、s on Preformed Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5066 91 (2011)1.DOI: 10.1520/D5066-91R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at

14、 serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov. R

15、efer to EPA 450/3-88-018 dated December 1988. Thisprotocol makes reference to the determination of production spray transfer effi-ciency.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.

16、 Refer to CFR 40, Part 60, Appendix A.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on

17、Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1paint used per part is determined from material usage and partprocessing records. The determined weight solids content ofthe paint

18、material is determined and used to calculate the paintsolids sprayed per part. The transfer efficiency of the process iscalculated by dividing the weight of paint solids deposited bythe weight of the paint solids sprayed.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is specifically directed at the spr

19、aypainting of automobile car and light duty truck bodies. Thegeneral principles are applicable to the painting of otherautomotive parts.5.2 This test method may also be used to measure transferefficiency in full-sized painting facilities simulating productionconditions and operations.6. Interference

20、s6.1 Limitations include the ability of the weighing device todetermine accurately the weight of the paint solids depositedon the part and the capability of accurate measurement of theamount of paint sprayed (see Section 7).6.2 It may be difficult to cover the surface of complexshaped parts with alu

21、minum foil (see 11.6.11).7. Apparatus7.1 Tension Load Cells, with upper/lower transition pieces.7.1.1 682-kg (1500-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg (0.05-lb) pre-cision for weighing automobile body and support frame.7.1.2 227 to 364-kg (500 to 800-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg(0.05-lb) precision for weighing m

22、ix tanks or automobilecomponents.7.1.3 Asafety cable is required for upper to lower transition.7.2 Electronic Digitizer/Readout, readability of 0.02 kg(0.05 lb) and special filtering.7.2.1 The electronic digitizer/readout shall meet OIML(International Organization of Legalized Metrology) specifica-t

23、ions.57.3 Voltage Regulator.7.4 Swivel Devices, as required.7.5 Rule and Calipers for measuring diameter of paintsupply tank shaft, etc.7.6 Sample Containers, clean and airtight for paint material.7.7 Lifting Device and Support Frame Apparatus to liftbody.7.7.1 Total weight must not exceed capacity

24、of load cell orscale.7.8 Standard Calibration Weight, approximately 0.9 kg (2lb).7.9 Measure Stick, Starret precision spring tempered, satinchrome finish, 91.4 cm (36 in.), with 4R graduations, orequivalent.8. Paint Usage Measurement Procedures8.1 Transfer efficiency measurement requires that accura

25、temeasurements be made of the quantity of paint material used inthe application process during the time period associated withthe coating of specific vehicles or parts. Two general proce-dures are applicable for accurately measuring paint usage.8.1.1 The preferred procedure is to determine the weigh

26、t ofpaint used during the application study period. Under typicalproduction conditions, such weighing may be difficult, due tothe large number of applicators requiring paint supply from acommon tank. If a separate, isolated paint supply tank is usedin the test; it is important to control paint visco

27、sity,temperature, and flow rate consistent with the regular produc-tion system (see 9.1).8.1.2 Where direct paint usage measurement by weight isnot practical, an alternative procedure for determining paintusage by volume is suggested. This procedure involves mea-suring the drop in paint level in the

28、 paint supply tank during thetest. To provide sufficient accuracy, it may be necessary to painta “block” (isolated group) of similar vehicles or parts from thepaint supply system while usage measurements are taken.Typically, this may require painting approximately 30 vehicles(see 9.2).9. Paint Usage

29、 Determination by Weight Procedure9.1 This procedure for determining paint usage during thetest is preferred when a satellite paint supply system isavailable for the process to be tested. With this procedure, it isusually easier to isolate paint usage for measurement purposes,and accurate results ca

30、n be obtained with a smaller number ofvehicles or parts (see 9.1.1).9.1.1 At least 2.27 kg (5.0 lb) of paint material must be usedduring the test with the specified weighing equipment.9.2 Before a satellite paint supply system can be used, itmust be demonstrated that the system is capable of supplyi

31、ngthe paint at sufficient volume and pressure to maintain normalprocess conditions (fluid deliveries of the spray devices) andthat the paint can be maintained at a representative temperatureand viscosity for the duration of the test period. Theserequirements can best be assured by mounting the satel

32、lite tankon a load cell or scale and directly piping it into the productionsupply system of the spraybooth. For this procedure therequirements are as follows:9.2.1 Level and calibrate a weighing device (see Section 7)for weighing the satellite supply tank.9.2.2 If an electronic weighing device is us

33、ed, it must beturned on long enough to achieve stability, following themanufacturers directions. All weighing devices must be situ-ated to minimize disturbance from vibration or air movement.9.2.3 Introduce the paint material, reduced to sprayingviscosity, into the tank to be weighed. Before the tes

34、t isconducted, be certain that fluid flows are properly set, that allsupply and return lines are filled with the paint, and that noleaks are present in the piping system.5The sole source of supply of the electronic digitizer, Model 5322, known to thecommittee at this time is Sterling Scale Co., 2095

35、0 Boening, Southfield, MI 48075.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.D5066 91 (2017)29.2.4 Shut off the a

36、gitator to minimize vibration during theweighing of the system.9.2.5 Calibrate the weighing device in accordance withmanufacturers instructions. Weigh and tare a lifting frame, ifused to support the satellite paint supply tank.9.2.6 Weigh the satellite paint supply tank before the testvehicles or pa

37、rts are run. Flexible connections are required tominimize strain. Carefully note the configuration of the tank sothat the same configuration is used for both initial and the finalweighing (that is, hose connections, height, etc.). Weigh thetank until 2 consecutive measurements are obtained within th

38、emeasurement error of the weighing system 60.02 kg (0.05 lb).Average the two readings. The satellite tank may be left on theweighing device during the painting operation to monitorpainting usage on a continuous basis.9.2.7 After painting the test vehicles or parts, reweigh thesatellite paint supply

39、tank in accordance with 9.2.5 and 9.2.6.9.2.8 Obtain representative paint samples immediately aftercompletion of the test for solids and density analysis.10. Paint Usage Determination by Tank LevelMeasurement (Volume Procedure)10.1 This procedure for determining the paint usage re-quires that the dr

40、op in the liquid level in the system supply tankbe measured accurately. This procedure is applicable witheither a satellite system or a main-mix room supply system. Asufficient number of parts must be processed in the test blockto provide at least a 7.6-cm (3-in.) drop in the liquid level in thepain

41、t supply tank. Careful measurement is critical to the overallaccuracy of the transfer efficiency test. This procedure consistsof the following:10.1.1 Accurately measure the inside diameter of the paintsupply tank(s) to be used for the various test materials. If theagitator shafts, fill pipes, or any

42、 other objects are located in themeasurement zone, the occupied volume of these items mustbe determined and subtracted from the total volume. Carefulselection of the section of the tank for the test measurementwill minimize the difficulty of this task. The measurements areused to develop a conversio

43、n factor between level drop andvolume of paint.10.1.2 Most main paint supply systems consist of two tanksconnected together to maintain the material supply. During thetest, the paint supply tank must be isolated. Check to ensurethat there is no leakage or overflow between the two tanks andthat the d

44、irectional valves for paint return function properly.Make sure that these checks are made just prior to and after thetest, and are done by measuring the volume in both tanks.10.1.3 Place the test paint, which has been reduced tospraying viscosity, into the paint supply tank to be measured.No materia

45、l additions or reductions may be made to the tankduring the test. Before the test is conducted, make certain thatvalving is set so that paint is being drawn from the test tank andreturned to the test tank, and that all air has been removed fromthe delivery system.10.1.4 With satellite paint supply t

46、ank systems, special caremust be taken to ensure that all fluid lines are completely filled.10.1.5 Prior to taking the volume measurement, turn off anyagitation within the tank that will interfere with the measuringprocess and then turn it back on after the measurement.10.1.6 Record the tank levels

47、before and after the test. Takethe initial reading just prior to the first test vehicle or part of theblock that enters the first application station in the testedprocess. Take the final reading just after the last vehicle or parthas left the last application area in the tested process.10.1.7 With c

48、learcoat (or other paint materials that cannotbe isolated to a specific block of cars due to other connectedoperations such as repair), take the initial reading as the firstvehicle or part in the test block enters the first station applyingclearcoat. Take the final reading when the vehicle after the

49、 lastjob in the test block enters the first station, applying clearcoat(the same point at which the initial reading was taken). If thisis not done, the block size for clearcoat will be different fromthe block size for basecoat (this is acceptable but must beaccurately reflected in the calculations).10.1.8 The measurements are to be taken to the nearest 1.6mm (116 in.) with a measuring stick with 1.6 mm (116-in.) orless graduations. Measurements are made from the top of thetank to the top of the liquid level at least 7.6 to 10.2 cm (3 to4 in.) from the sides o