2018年山西省中考真题英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2018年山西省中考真题英语听力部分（共20分）（略）笔试部分（共100分）五、单项选择（每小题1分，共10分）请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。21. In our lives, our parents give us love and warmth. In return, we should understand andcare about _.A. usB. youC. them解析：考查代词。在生活中，我们的父母给予我们爱与温暖。作为回报，我们应该理解并关心他们。根据语境，指代我们的父母，选C。答案：C22. When youre tired, y

2、ou can get close to the nature youll feel relaxed in the beauty all around.A. orB. andC. but解析：考查连词。当你累的时候，你可以接近大自然并且在周围的美景中感到十分的放松。两句话是顺接的关系，选B。答案：B23. If a student is able to _ somebody else what hes learnt from textbooks, it showshes understood it well.A. postB. lendC. teach解析：考查动词。如果一个学生能够其他的人他已

3、经从课本上学到的东西，这就显示他已经理解得很好了。A.邮寄，B.借出，C.教，根据题意，选C。 答案：C24. Whoever he is, a common man can be called a _ hero when he is admired by usfor doing something brave or good.A. realB. smartC. perfect解析：考查形容词。无论一个人是谁，当他因为做了一些勇敢的或是好的事情被我们钦佩时，就算是一个普通人都可以被称之为的英雄。A.真正的，B.聪明的，C.完美的，根据题意，选A。答案：A25. Reading the firs

4、t _ of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps youget the main idea quickly.A. letterB. word C. sentence解析：考查名词。在你读整篇文章之前读每段的第一能够帮助你快速获得主旨。A.信、字母，B.单词，C.句子，根据题意，选C。答案：C26. If one of your friends sends you a message to borrow money on the Internet, youd betterphone him _ first to make sur

5、e of that.A. recently B. directlyC. finally解析：考查副词。如果你的一个朋友在网络上给你发信息向你借钱，你最好首先给他打电话去确定这件事。A.最近地，B.直接地，C.最后，根据题意，选B。答案：B27. In China, we are using the FAST to find stars _. Now more and more peoplewant to know about the largest radio telescope(望远镜) in the world.A. in personB. in publicC. in space解析：考

6、查介词短语。在中国，我们正在使用FAST射电望远镜去找的星星。现在越来越多的人想要了解这台世界上最大的射电望远镜。A.亲自，B.在公共场合，C.在太空，根据题意，选C。答案：C 28. Except for working hard, we should give more attention to proper exercise and enoughsleep. _, health always comes first.A. For exampleB. After allC. So far解析：考查介词短语。除了努力工作以外，我们应该更加关注适当的锻炼和足够的睡眠。健康总是第一位。A.例如，

7、B.毕竟，C.到目前为止，根据题意，选B。答案：B29. Nowadays China has made great achievements in many fields. We really _ ouramazing China.A. take pride inB. take care ofC. take an interest in解析：考查动词短语。如今中国在很多领域都取得了巨大的成就，我们确实_我们伟大的国家。A.对感到自豪，B.照顾、照看，C.对感兴趣，根据题意，选A。 答案：A30. Sir, its true that being happy is an ability. So

8、 can you tell me _?Yes. Just as President Xi says, “Happiness is achieved through hard work.”A. how we can find happinessB. who can help achieve happinessC. why happiness is so important to us解析：考查宾语从句。先生，变得开心确实是一种能力，所以你能告诉我_吗?可以。就像习大大说的，“幸福是奋斗出来的”，根据句意，选A。答案：A六、补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）请根据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填

9、入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 解析：31.根据下句“The Gay Genius by Lin Yutang.”可知是在询问书的名字，所以选F。32.根据下句“Its about Su Dongpos experiences and his works.”可知是在询问书的内容，所以选B。33.根据下句“I want to read it, too.”可知她认为这本书很有趣，也想要读它，所以选D。34.根据上句“Where can I get it?”可知这一句应该回答的是买书的地点，所以选G。35.根据上句“Thanks for telling us about the book

10、.”可知这一句应该是Thanks的答语，所以选A。答案：31. F 32. B 33. D 34. G 35. A七、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）请阅读下列短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。I know a Catherine who is smart, educated and interesting. But I avoid her because she never36 complaining(抱怨) ! For years, I fought against my feelings, because I really like

11、 andadmire her, but Ive found I just cant be her friend. Her world is 37 “buts”. The trip would have been nice, but the drive was too long. The food was good, but the light of therestaurant was too 38 . The hotel was too hot, the bed hurt her back and the room servicewas too slow. Her complaints wer

12、e 39 changing me. Months ago, my best friend Daisywas listening to me complaining about Catherine 40 she just became really angry.“Either break up with her, or leave me alone.” She shouted at me, “Im tired of listening to yourcomplaining.” Her honesty surprised me, and I began to keep myself away fr

13、om Catherine. Later,I did 41 her. Now I try to remain happy and positive(积极的) about life, and find friends of the same.Theres been scientific research lately. It shows that people who find 42 to be thankfulfor their lives are actually happier, and I believe that is true. Endless complaining seems to

14、 controlyour life if you let it come into your brain. And too much complaining will actually make your life43 .Some people take “gratitude(感激之情) walks” every day, where they 44 theirlives in a positive way. By developing a grateful attitude, you can be turned away from whatstroubling you, and 45 wha

15、t makes you happy. Then you will have a beautiful life.36.A. keepsB. stopsC. enjoys37.A. full ofB. far fromC. famous for 38.A. noisyB. strongC. dirty39.A. hardlyB. suddenlyC. silently40.A. untilB. becauseC. unless41.A. chooseB. helpC. forget 42.A. reasonsB. excusesC. questions43.A. busierB. longerC.

16、 worse44.A. give awayB. depend onC. think about45.A. againstB. towardC. through 解析：36. A. keeps保持；B. stops停止；C. enjoys享受。根据上文的“But I avoid herbecause she never”得知，她从来没有停止抱怨，故选B。37. A. full of装满；B. far from远离；C. famous for闻名。根据后文中多个“but”可知，看她的话中是充满了“buts”，故选A。38. B选项A. noisy嘈杂的；B. strong强烈的；C. dirty脏

17、的。由句意结合语境可知餐厅的灯光是强烈的。故选B。39. A. hardly几乎不；B. suddenly突然地；C. silently静静地。根据前文得知起初我喜欢和羡慕Catherine，而由于Catherine的抱怨，她的抱怨静静地改变了我。故选C。 40. A. until直到；B. because因为；C. unless除非。由句意可知我的好朋友Daisy在听着我抱怨关于Catherine，直到她生气，故选A。41. A. choose选择；B. help帮助；C. forget忘记。由上文中的“break up with her”与她断绝关系，“I began to keep my

18、self away from Catherine.”我开始让自己远离Catherine，可知之后我确实忘记了她，故选C。42. A. reasons理由；B. excuses借口；C. questions问题。由前文“Theres been scientificresearch lately.”以及本句句意可知是发现原因，故选A。43. A. busier更忙碌的；B. longer更长的；C. worse更糟糕的。由前文的对比可知太多的抱怨真的会使你的生活更糟糕，故选C。44. A. give away捐赠；B. depend on取决于，依靠；C. think about考虑。根据句意可知

19、，他们以一种积极的方式考虑生活。故选C。45. A. against靠，倚；B. toward向，朝，接近；C. through通过。由句意可知通过培养感激的态度，你能够远离烦恼，接近快乐。故选B。答案：36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. B 八、阅读理解（这一部分共五篇短文，每篇短文后有五个小题，每小题2分，共50分）A请阅读黑板上的问题及六个小标题，将其与下列五位同学对此问题的陈述进行匹配。其中有一项为多余选项。 46. _ 47. _ 48. _ 49. _ 50. _解析：46.根据“kids learn

20、better by studying for tests”以及“if you are stressed, you mightnot learn as much”，可知答案。47.根据“they remember what was in the book”可知答案。48.根据“you can be creative while you learn”可知答案。49.根据“when you are studying for a test, it can get boring”可知答案。50.根据“kids learn hands-on projects, instead of just memori

21、zing information”等关键词可知答案。答案：46. C 47. E 48. F 49. B 50. AB请阅读下面辩论赛正反方的观点，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选。 In students daily talks, celebrities(名人) are usually a hot topic, including their dress,behavior, families and other personal things. Then, is it a celebritys job(职责) to be a good rolemodel? Please r

22、ead the following studentsdebate. 51. Which of the following reasons is NOT from the pros?A. People look up to the celebrities.B. Everyone should try to be a good role model.C. Celebrities get much love and support from fans.解析：细节理解题。A项在正方观点中第一个表格的第一句提及。B项在正方观点中第二个表格的第二句提及。C项在正方观点中未提及。答案选C。答案：C52. W

23、hat does the underlined word “inappropriate” mean?A.难以言说的B.非同寻常的C.不恰当的解析：词义猜测题。根据正方观点最后一句“then their parents should be careful about whatthey let their kids see”父母应该谨慎对待他们让孩子看到的内容，可知此处指的是名人的生活方式是不恰当的，所以答案选C。答案：C 53. According to the cons, how do some people become famous?A. By working hard at what t

24、hey love.B. By setting a good example to others.C. By making good choices for themselves.解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“famous”可知定位到反方观点第一个表格的第二句“They are famous because they worked hard at what they love for a living”，可得知他们有名是因为他们努力做好他们所热爱的事业。所以答案选A。 答案：A54. Which of the following is TRUE according to their wo

25、rds?A. It is easy for stars to win back fans.B. Stars may sometimes do something wrong.C. Family members should encourage kids to be stars.解析：细节理解题。根据反方观点的第四句“after being caught doing bad things”可知名人有时候也会犯错误，所以B项正确。文中并没有提及“win back fans”是否容易，选项A排除。C项“家人应该鼓励孩子成为明星”文中也没有提及，C项排除。答案：B55. What conclusion

26、(结论) can we draw from their opinions?A.When you become a celebrity, you have been a good role model too.B. Even though a celebrity makes mistakes, young people should follow him.C. Whether a celebrity is a role model or not, he should care about his behavior.解析：推理判断题。根据正方观点最后一句以及反方观点最后一句可知，双方都认为名人会影

27、响年轻人，是很多人的榜样，所以他们应该努力树立好的榜样，可知答案选C。A项 只是正方观点，不是反方观点。B项与正方观点最后一句相反，所以也排除。答案：C C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。This year 2,300 teenagers from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes.They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of Ame

28、rica. 56They will learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.57 Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with Georges family. In turn,Georges son Mike spent a year inFreds home in America.Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two mon

29、ths study,the language began to come to him. 58 Students rose respectfully when the teacherentered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States.There were almost no outside activities. 59 The fathers word was law, and all activities were around the fam

30、ily rather thanone of the members. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car.“Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany,you walk, but you soon learn to like it.Meanwhile, in America, Mike, a German boy, was also forming his i

31、dea. “I suppose I shouldcriticize(批评)American schools,” he said. “It is far too easy by our level. 60 In Germany we donothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schoolsare better in training for citizens. There should be some middle ground between the tw

32、o.”A. Family life, too, was different.B. But I have to say that I like it very much.C. Here is a two-way student exchange in action.D. School was quite different from what he had expectedmuch harder.E. In fact, there are many differences between the two countries cultures.F. At the same time, about

33、1, 300 American teenagers will go to other countries.56. _ 57. _ 58. _ 59. _ 60. _ 解析：56.从段首可知2300名来自世界各地的青少年将在美国度过10个月。提及数字的选项F与段首相对应，补充说明“有1300名美国青少年也会前往其他国家。”57.本题所在位置为段首，应选择引出下文的语句，空后一句具体提到了交换生Fred与Mike。C选项提及双向交换生，故选C。58.结合下文可知在德国当老师进入教室时，学生们会恭敬地起立。并且他们有14门学科，而在美国一般只有6门。所以德国的学校生活比Fred想象中的还要更难，故选

34、D。59.本题所在位置为段首，应选择引出下文的语句，空后提到了交换生的家庭生活，关 键词为“family”，故选A。60.本题所在位置为引号中，人称应为第一人称，再结合上文德国男孩Mike在表达自己交换到美国后的想法，“我认为我应该批评一下美国的学校，对我们现有的水平来说，太简单了。”之后进行转折，“但我不得说我非常喜欢它（美国学校）”。故选B。答案：56. F 57. C 58. D 59. A 60. B D请阅读下面短文，在下面的横线上填入与文章意思最相符的内容。6164小题每空填一词，65小题所填不超过5个汉字。According to the traditional Chinese

35、custom, 2018 is just the year of Dog. Ranking as theeleventh animal in the Chinese zodiacthe Shengxiao, Dog is a symbol of loyalty (忠诚) andhonesty. Self-mocker(自嘲)Words and phrases including dogs (Gou in Chinese) are commonly used by young peoplewhen telling jokes about themselves. For example, you

36、can say “Valentines Day has nothing to do with me since I am a single dog.” It is believed that dog-related words and phrases usually havegood humour. Close relationshipAmong some young people, adding “dog” to a friends name has the meaning of a closerelationship. One of the most famous examples in

37、China is that the actor Lin Gengxin is called LinGou by his close friends and beloved fans. Easy to raiseKids with pleasant names are easy to bring up, according to an ancient Chinese saying.Parents in the countryside prefer to give nicknames including Gou Sheng and Gou Dan to theirkids in the hope

38、that they are as easy to be raised as dogs. Metaphor (隐喻)Since dogs are considered to have many good qualities (品质), the word is included inmore than 10 Chinese metaphors. For example, “serve like a dog or a horse,” is used to describesomeone who is ready to work hard for the people who have powers.

39、 61. _ 62. _ 63. _ 64. _ 65. _解析：61.从空后animal可知，此处缺形容词，且该词与空前loyal（忠诚的）并列。回文定位，第一段最后一句Dog is a symbol of loyalty and honesty可知，该空填honest。62.根据句意分析出此处缺动词tell的宾语。根据小标题以及内容可定位在第二段第一句，故该空填原词jokes。63.根据句意分析出此处缺动词，由题干“you have a closer relationship with him or her than others.”可知，与原文第三段第一句中“has the meanin

40、g of a close relationship”对应，且题干是由动词ing形式做主语，谓语动词应该用单三形式，故该空填means。64.由as.as可知，该空考虑填形容词或副词的原形，又因为该空修饰grow up，因此，考虑填副词。由原文第四段最后“they are as easy to be raised as dogs”可知，该空填easily。65.该题考查翻译句意，在最后一段中有对此句的解释“is used to describe someone whois ready to work hard for the people who have powers.”意为“为有权势的人努力

41、干活”，结合字数要求可知该句应译为“犬马之劳（力）/效（尽）犬马之劳（力）”。答案：61. honest 62. jokes 63. means 64. easily 65.“犬马之劳（力）/效（尽）犬马之劳（力）”E请阅读下面非连续性文本，按要求完成所给的任务。 66. Please translate the underlined(划线的) sentence into Chinese.(不超过25个汉字)_67. Why are computers mentioned when talking about verbal communication?_68. Which good nonve

42、rbal communication behaviors are given in the passage? (One or twoexamples are OK)_69. In the passage, the underlined word “this” refers to(指)._70. After reading the passage, what do you think of your communication skills? Why do youthink so?_ 解析：66. future未来的，depend on取决于。67.从右框Have you ever consid

43、ered computers to be green technology? Why提问，可得答案。68.根据左边上框可得，Look people in the eye while communicating in western culture.或根据左边下框可得答案。69.根据文章Active listening is a . what a person is saying. You can do this is得this指active listening.70.结合自身实际合理作答即可。答案：66.你未来的职业成功也许会取决于你的交流能力。67. Because computers ar

44、e green technology of verbal communication.68. Hold the door open for the person behind you.69. active listening70. I think my communication skills are good. Because I can express myself well and at thesame time Im an active listener./I think my communication skills are poor. Because Im toonervous t

45、o express myself in front of the public./. 九、词语运用（每小题1分，共10分）根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。age, who, like, child, though, protect, you, ask, find, fall, about, completeA female swimming athlete once set a goal(目标) for herself. She decided to swim across theEnglish Channel beforeshe r

46、etired. If she could succeed, she would be the first person in the world 71 didit. On that day, she jumped into the sea without any hesitation(犹豫) and swam towards theopposite bank without any 72 . In the journey, she faced heavy fog, heavy rain andheavy waves. 73 she was tired, she still carried on

47、 swimming. But in the end, she gaveup. And she didnt know that the opposite bank was only one mile away when she gave up.Later she 74 about the reason. And she said, “The reason why I gave up is that Icould not see the place which I was going to reach 75 .” It was a great pity that one mile broke he

48、r dream.Since we were young 76 , too many success stories have been telling us aboutcourage and persistence(坚持). But they never told us where 77 courage andpersistence. You can only have courage when you know where your goal is. You can only manageto persist when you know where your goal is.And thats because when you know where your goal