2017年山东省烟台市高三3月高考诊断性测试（一模）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2017 年 山 东 省 烟 台 市 高 三 3 月 高 考 诊 断 性 测 试 （ 一 模 ） 英 语第 I 卷第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 ）第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 面 短 文 ,从 每 题 所 给 的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中 ， 选 出 最 佳 选 项 。AAfter a long winter, spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring Londons greenspaces.Explore

2、 Londons parks and gardensSpringtime is one of the perfect times of year to explore Londons parks and gardens, when the citys Royal Parks will be blooming with flowers. Go and admire the rainbow of azaleas（ 杜 鹃花 ） at Richmond Park or hire a deckchair in St Jamess Park with a view of Buckingham Palac

3、e.Enjoy the entertainment at a Spring FestivalThere are a good many festivals and events held in London throughout spring. Make the mostof the cultural exhibitions at the British Library Spring Festival. the Sundance Film Festival or theLondon Literature Festival ； head to Shakespeares Globe, which

4、hosts open-air Shakespeareperformances from lateApril until early October.Get activeWarmer weather means theres no excuse for staying indoors, so go for a walking or cyclingtour of London. Alternatively, walk the Thames Walkway, which follows the river all the wayfrom central London into the country

5、side； make the most of Londons“ Boris Bikes” ,which areavailable for hire all around the city and are free of charge for the first half hour. If youre reallylooking for a challenge, sign up for the famous London Marathon, held annually in April. Take to the watersWhether cruising（ 航 行 ） along the Th

6、ames River, hiring a rowing boat in Hyde Park or ridinga canal boat around Little Venice, there are lots of fun ways to get on the water in London Heldevery year since 1829, the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race allows teams from Englands mostfamous universities to compete against each other, and draws

7、 huge crowds of watching people.1. If you are interested in British culture, you are advised to_.A. visit Richmond ParkB. row a boat in Hyde ParkC. attend the London FestivalsD. walk the Thames Walkway解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 Enjoy the entertainment at a Spring Festival 中 There are a good manyfestivals

8、 and events held in London throughout spring. Make the most of the cultural exhibitions atthe British Library Spring Festival.可 知 如 果 你 对 英 国 文 化 感 兴 趣 ,你 可 以 去 参 加 the London Festivals。 故 选 C。答 案 ： C2. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. You can see Buckingham Palace from St Jam

9、ess Park. B. Londons Boris Bikes are free to use for a whole day.C. Outdoor Shakespeare performances are held only in spring.D. The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race has a history of over 200 years.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 Explore Londons parks and gardens 中 Go and admire the rainbow ofazaleas（ 杜 鹃 花 ） at

10、 Richmond Park or hire a deckchair in St Jamess Park with a view ofBuckingham Palace.可 知 从 St Jamess Park 你 可 以 看 见 Buckingham Palace。 故 选 A。答 案 ： A3.According to the writer, which of the following activities challenges you most?A. Watching Boat Race.B. Joining in London Marathon.C. Cruising along t

11、he Thames River.D. Cycling around London. 解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 Take to the waters 中 Whether cruising（ 航 行 ） along the Thames River,hiring a rowing boat in Hyde Park or riding a canal boat around Little Venice, there are lots of funways to get on the water in London. 可 知 沿 着 泰 晤 士 河 游 弋 最 具 挑 战 性 。

12、故 选 C。答 案 ： C4. The writer wrote the text in order to_.A. introduce tourist attractions in LondonB. stress the importance of exploring LondonC. suggest ways to enjoy spring in LondonD. show the beauty of spring in London解 析 ： 目 的 意 图 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 一 段 After a long winter, spring is the ideal time fo

13、r sightseeingand exploring Londons green spaces.可 知 作 者 写 这 篇 文 章 的 目 的 是 强 调 探 索 伦 敦 的 重 要 性 。故 选 B。 答 案 ： B BYacouba Sawadogo is an African farmer who has been travelling across the deserts for thelast 30 years, using ancient farming techniques to fight the threatening deserts.His story dates back

14、 to the 1980s whenAfrica suffered one of the worst droughts in its history.During that period, rainfall reduced by as much as 80 ,killing almost all the plants. Most localpeople moved away to different places, but Yacouba stayed back. Instead of giving in to theviolence of nature, he decided to take

15、 control and change the face of the land completely.Unable to read and write, and with no ac cess to modern techniques and tools, he started toemploy an old African farming practice called ”Zai”. The practice involves planting seeds in smallholes filled with eco-friendly manure（ 肥 料 ） . The holes fi

16、ll up with and keep the water that fallsduring the rainy season. This provides moisture（ 水 分 ） and nutrients for the growing plants during the dry periods. Also, the manure attracts ants, which help break up the soil further andincrease its ability to take in water.Within two decades of starting his

17、 revolutionary work, a forested area of about fifty acrescame up on the land of the African desert. Yacouba featured in a documentary titled.” The ManWho Stopped the Desert” through which he became known to the rest of the world. To the great joy and relief of Yacouba, what the documentary focused o

18、n was put into the re-establishment oflocal forests and a training program for the farmers who wanted to 1earn Yacoubas technique.Today, ”Zai” is being widely practiced in the region.5. What does the text mainly talk about?A.Atraining program forAfrican farmers.B.Adocumentary about an influentialAfr

19、ican farmer.C. The serious situation of environment destruction inAfrica.D.AnAfrican farmer fighting deserts with old farming methods.解 析 ： 主 旨 大 意 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 一 段 Yacouba Sawadogo is an African farmer who has beentravelling across the deserts for the last 30 years, using ancient farming technique

20、s to fight thethreatening deserts. 一 位 非 洲 农 民 用 旧 耕 作 方 法 与 沙 漠 作 战 。 故 选 D。答 案 ： D 6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Yacouba advertised his farming practice through the media.B. Yacoubas efforts have made a great difference.C. Rebuilding forests is no tough job at a11.D. Deserts no l

21、onger threatenAfrica.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 通 过 最 后 一 段 ,特 别 是 To the great joy and relief of Yacouba, what thedocumentary focused on was put into the re-establishment of local forests and a training programfor the farmers who wanted to 1earn Yacoubas technique. Today,“ Zai” is being widely practicedin t

22、he region. 使 Yacouba 高 兴 的 是 他 的 耕 作 技 能 得 到 推 广 ,今 天 ”Zai”正 在 这 个 地 区 被 广 泛 地实 践 。 可 知 Yacouba 的 努 力 产 生 了 重 大 影 响 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B7. Which word can best describe Yacouba? A. Determined.B. Knowledgeable.C. Curious.D. Creative.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 一 段 Yacouba Sawadogo is an African farmer who

23、has beentravelling across the deserts for the last 30 years, using ancient farming techniques to fight thethreatening deserts. 一 位 非 洲 农 民 用 旧 耕 作 方 法 与 沙 漠 作 战 。 从 文 章 得 知 他 的 努 力 最 后 产 生了 重 大 影 响 ,可 知 对 他 的 最 好 的 描 述 词 应 该 是 “ 坚 定 ,有 决 心 的 ” ,故 选 A。答 案 ： A CGrandparents who help out occasionally w

24、ith childcare in their community tend to live longerthan seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany. “Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents health. Thislink could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help wit

25、h childcare was important forthe survival of the human species,” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall, afteraccounting for grandparents age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20-year period was on

26、e-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared withgrandparents who provided no childcare.Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasnt a relative.Half of a11 childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven y

27、earsafter the study began, while non-helpers lived for four years on average.“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for othersand society. Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically andmentally active,” said Professor BrunoA

28、rpino.Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health andthat too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working,being in social clubs, or volunteering. ”Children should take into account their parents needs,willingnes

29、s, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare,” hesuggested. “It is very important that every individual decides for him herself, what proper amounts ofhelp means,” Hilbrand said, adding, “As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity（ 强度 ） of help you provide yo

30、u may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”8. What is the caregiving study based on?A. Human evolutionary history.B. Demand modern society.C. Social contact between relatives.D. Data on many elderly people.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 Grandparents who help out occasionally with

31、 childcare in theircommunity tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a studyfrom Berlin, Germany.可 知 儿 童 保 育 研 究 是 以 老 年 人 的 数 据 为 基 础 ,故 选 D。答 案 ： D 9. InArpinos opinion, childcare_.A. is sure to keep old people away from illnessesB. allows old people to live

32、 a more meaningful lifeC. creates more job opportunities for old peopleD. makes social activities inaccessible to old people解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 六 段 中 Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activitythat can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away fro

33、m otherbeneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering. 可 知 以 Arpino看 来 ,儿 童保 育 让 老 年 人 过 上 更 有 意 义 的 生 活 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B10. What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?A. Limit. B. Ignore.C. Favor.D. Consider.解 析 ： 词 义 猜 测 题 。 根 据 第 六 段

34、第 一 句 Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the onlyactivity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering, 可 知 以 Arpino 看来 ,儿 童 保 育 让 老 年 人 过 上 更 有 意 义 的 生 活 。 所 以 孩 子 们 应

35、 该 考 虑 自 己 家 长 的 需 求 ,意 愿 和 欲望 ,划 线 部 分 的 意 思 应 该 是 “ 考 虑 ” ,故 选 D。答 案 ： D11. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. Grandparents can do anything in their own interests.B. Grandparents should share more social responsibilities.C. Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.D. Caregiving gua

36、rantees every grandparent a longer life.解 析 ： 段 落 大 意 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 第 一 句 It is very important that every individual decides forhim herself, what proper amounts of helpmeans,可 知 适 当 的 托 儿 对 祖 父 母 有 益 。 故 选 C。答 案 ： C DIn an effort to discourage people from using plastics, scientists have been hard

37、at workinventing alternative packaging products. From water bottles made from seaweed to cutlery(餐具 )made from rice and wheat, a number of inventions are set to change the way we eat while weare on the go, or having a relaxing picnic in the park.The idea of using seaweed to make eco-friendly（ 环 保 的

38、） water bottles has been around for afew years. Recently, Ari Jonsson took his invention a water bottle made from red seaweed toshow off at a festival. The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled. As soon asthese bottles are empty they will begin to break down, though they woul

39、d be perfectly safe to eat.Ari Jonssons bottles are a step closer to a widely used alternative to the current plastic ones.The eatable water container is not the only product to add to our image of the future.Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons. After the success of his spoons. Mr Pes

40、sapatyis ready to expand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu. His aim is to largely reduce the amount of plastic waste, which is a huge problem for waste sites all over the world. It is a productthat may take up to 500 years to break down, and recycling companies worldwide are struggling

41、todeal with it.Aside from the obvious benefits to the environment, this new packaging is also cheap toproduce and therefore cheap to buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be madeat home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends. Why not getexperimentin

42、g and create your own recipes?12. Why do scientists invent alternative packaging products?A. To make peoples life more convenient.B. To reduce the amount of plastic waste.C. To charge the way we picnic outside.D. To show off their inventive talents.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 第 一 句 In an effort to d

43、iscourage people from using plastics, scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products.可 知 科 学 家 发 明 交 替的 包 装 产 品 是 为 了 减 少 塑 料 废 品 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B 13. What makesAri Jonssons water bottles eco-friendly?A. They can be made at home.B. They are cheap to produce and buy.C. They

44、 will hold their shape when they are filled.D. They will break down themselves when empty.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 第 三 句 As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin tobreak down， though they would be perfectly safe to eat.可 知 Ari Jonsson 的 水 瓶 空 的 时 候 自 动 毁掉 ， 所 以 他 的 水 瓶 是 环 保 的 。 故 选 D。答

45、 案 ： D14. What doAri and Narayanas inventions have in common?A. They are convenient to carry.B. They are safe to eat. C. They can be used for a short time.D. They are heavier than plastics.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 第 三 句 后 半 句 As soon as these bottles are empty they will beginto break down, though

46、 they would be perfectly safe to eat.再 根 据 第 三 段 中 After the success ofhis spoons. Mr Pessapaty is ready to expand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu.可 知他 们 发 明 的 共 同 点 就 是 安 全 地 吃 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B15. What can be inferred from this passage?A. Home-made eatable cutlery is likely to be popu

47、lar.B. Eatable cutlerywill completely replace plastics in the near future.C. No recycling companies can breakdown plastic waste.D. Its unsafe for individuals to invent eatable cutlery at home. 解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 第 二 句 Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery canbe made at home

48、, possibly a science project for children or just fan with friends.可 知 国 产 食 用 餐具 很 可 能 是 受 欢 迎 的 。 故 选 A。答 案 ： A第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 。 满 分 10 分 ）根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项 。Tests can be stressful even for the best students 16 Fortunately,

49、there are severalsteps you can take to make your stress much more manageable.Get Enough SleepGetting 6 hours of sleep or less can put you into whats called a sleep deficit（ 不 足 ） whichmakes you less sharp mentally and prevents you from performing properly on tests. 17 Thisway, you neednt stay up for the test and can get a good night of sleep before your big day. Study Smarter18 Make a list of the most important things you need to learn and hit the items at thetop of the list first. This will ensure theyre mostly covered if you run out of time. Make a list ofall the work yo