专业英语八级英语国家概况-6及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级英语国家概况-6及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Land Enclosure was a disaster for the _ evicted from their land by the enclosures.A. landlords B. tenants C. farmers D. wage laborers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.In Ireland and Scottish Highlands land enclosure led to mass emigration, particu

2、larly to _.A. Africa B. Eastern EuropeC. Asia D. the New World（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _.A. 1918 B. 1920 C. 1928 D. 1945（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The Labor Party had its origins in the_, which was formed in January, 1893.A. Independent Labor

3、 PartyB. Grand National Consolidated Trade UnionC. Amalgamated Society of EngineersD. Trade Union Congress（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.As a result of the First World War, the _ was established in 1920.A. League of Nations B. British CommonwealthC. British East India Company D. United Nations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6

4、.The British Empire ended in _.A. the 1920s B. the 1930s C. the 1940s D. the 1950s（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The Blitz radically changed the face of London for the first time since _ nearly 3 centuries earlier.A. the Black Death B. the Great FireC. the Civil War D. the Great Plague（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The joi

5、nt communiqu issued by the US and British 1941 is _.A. the Teheran Declaration B. the Atlantic CharterC. the Potsdam Treaty D. the Washington Declaration（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.In the 1960s Pop music underwent a revolution when the Beatles became world famous and turned their hometown of _ into a place o

6、f pilgrimage.A. Manchester B. Blackpool C. Liverpool D. Sheffield（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.Britains first woman prime minister was _.A. Catherine B. Elizabeth C. Anne Boleyn D. Margaret Thatcher（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.Which of the following is wrong about the official title of the present British monarch Eliz

7、abeth ?A. Head of the commonwealth.B. Head of the Catholic Church.C. Head of the executive, the legislature and the judiciary.D. Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and her other realms and territories.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.All British official documents bear the initials

8、 _.A. OHMS which stands for On Her Majestys ServiceB. OPMS which stands for On Prime Ministers ServiceC. OGS which stands for On Gods ServiceD. OCS which stands for On the Cabinets Service（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.In Britain, a general election takes place at least every _ years.A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6（分数：2.0

9、0）A.B.C.D.14.The supreme law-making authority in Britain is _.A. Parliament B. Cabinet C. Supreme Court D. Queen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.To its full sense, the British parliament consists of_.A. the House of the Lords and the House of CommonsB. the House and the SenateC. the Queen and the House of LordsD

10、. the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.The real and central power of the British parliament lies in the hand of_.A. the House of the Lords B. the House of the CommonsC. the Sovereign D. two houses together（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.The real power of the House of Lor

11、ds lies in _.A. helping to pass money bills B. delaying billsC. discussing bills D. being Supreme Court（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.The executive power of the British government is in the hands of_.A. the Prime MinisterB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. the Cabinet headed by the Prime MinisterD

12、. the Queen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.The two major parties governing the country by turns in Britain are _.A. the Labor Party and the Conservative PartyB. the Labor party and the Liberty PartyC. the Liberty Party and the Conservative PartyD. the Democratic Party and the Liberty Party（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.Pr

13、ime Minister is not_.A. appointed by the queenB. the minister for the civil serviceC. a member of the House of CommonsD. elected every four years（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.People between the ages of_ and 70 (65 in Scotland) whose names appear on the electoral register, with certain exceptions, are liable f

14、or jury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18 B. 19 C. 20 D. 21（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.Youth Courts try most cases involving people under _.A. 17 B. 18 C. 19 D. 20（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.No. 10 Downing Street is _.A. the office of British navyB. seat of English parliamentC. official residence o

15、f the king or queenD. official residence of the prime minister（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.The metropolitan police force of London is under the direct control of_.A. the Prime Minister B. the Defense MinisterC. the Home Secretary D. the Queen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.The president of the lords in Britain is called

16、 _.A. Lord Chancellor B. SpeakerC. Prime minister D. Chairman（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26._ generates about two thirds of the Gross Domestic Product in Britain.A. Textile Industry B. TourismC. Auto-making Industry D. Service Industry（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _.A. economi

17、c recession B. economic expansionC. economic decline D. economic depression（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.Rolls-Royce is world famous for _.A. machine tools B. household appliancesC. luxury automobiles D. high-quality knives and hand tools（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.The area between _ and _ is now often referred to as

18、 the Silicon Glen.A. London, South Wales B. the Oxford, the CambridgeC. London, the Cambridge D. Glasgow, Edinburgh（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.Which area is called the Garden of England and is famous for beautiful blossoms in spring?A. The county of Kent in southeastern England.B. The county of East Sussex

19、in southern England.C. The county of West Sussex in southern England.D. The county of Essex in eastern England.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.Britain once imported chiefly _ and exported mostly _.A. manufactured products, raw materialsB. foods, mineralsC. raw materials, manufactured productsD. minerals, foods（

20、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.Britains leading customers and suppliers are France, Germany and _.A. Japan B. BelgiumC. the Netherlands D. the United States（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.Britain is a member of the European Union, which was previously called _ andA. the World Trade Center, the Common MarketB. the Common Ma

21、rket, the European Economic CommunityC. the European Community, the European Economic CommunityD. the Common Market, the OPEC（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.The European Union (EU) is an organization of 15 _ that promotes cooperation among its members.A. European countries B. developed countriesC. Western Europ

22、ean countries D. Southern European countries（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.Headquarters of the European Union are in _.A. Paris, France B. London, BritainC. Berlin, Germany D. Brussels, Belgium（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Today, the City of London is the business center of London where _ are located.A. big supermarkets

23、 B. theatres and cinemasC. large financial organizations D. restaurants and cafes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.What is Lloyds?A. It is a famous bank. B. It is a big department store.C. It is a famous insurance company. D. It is a large hotel.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.The term British Disease is now often used to ch

24、aracterize Britains economic _.A. inflation B. over-booming situationC. decline D. expansion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.Which of the following is NOT a chief crop in Britain?A. Wheat. B. Barley. C. Oats. D. Rice.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.British agriculture is highly mechanized, with _ of the population managing

25、_ of the land area.A. 10%, 70% B. 5%, 60% C. 3%, 70% D. 4%, 6%（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.In Britain, children between the ages of _ to _ must receive the compulsory education.A. 5, 15 B. 6, 15 C. 5, 16 D. 6, 16（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.The selection tests taken at the age of 11 is known as_.A. eleven-plus B. A-l

26、evel C. O-level D. HND（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.The pupils who had got the highest marks in the eleven-plus examination would go to_ school.A. grammar B. technicalC. secondary modem D. senior high（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.Public schools of British secondary education are funded by _.A. the state B. the charity

27、C. the private D. the community（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.Which of the following is NOT a famous public secondary school for boys?A. Eton. B. Harrow. C. Westminster. D. Roedean.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.There are about _ universities, including the Open University in Britain.A. 70 B. 80 C. 90 D. 100（分数：2.00）A.B.

28、C.D.47.Of the following universities, which one is the oldest in the U.K.?A. University of Oxford B. University of CambridgeC. University of Manchester D. University of Edinburgh（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four_ universities.A.

29、Irish B. Welsh C. Scottish D. English（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.The _ University offers courses through one of BBCs television channels and by radio.A. Open B. Free C. National D. Community（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.Titles for a first degree in universities are Bachelor of _ and Bachelor of _.A. Arts, Science B.

30、Arts, TechnologyC. Philosophy, Arts D. Philosophy, Science（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语八级英语国家概况-6答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Land Enclosure was a disaster for the _ evicted from their land by the enclosures.A. landlords B. tenants C. farmers D. wage laborers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：在农奴制解

31、体过程中，英国新兴的资产阶级和新贵族通过暴力把佃农从土地上赶走，强占佃农份地及公有地，剥夺佃农的土地使用权和所有权，限制或取消原有的共同耕地权和畜牧权，把强占的土地圈占起来，变成私有的大牧场、大农场，用以养羊。这就是英国历史上有名的“羊吃人”的“圈地运动”(Land Enclosure)。圈地运动直接导致农民与土地分离，这些失去土地的佃农成为圈地运动最大的受害者，他们没有了赖以谋生的土地，流离失所，一部分人移民到新大陆寻求机遇，一部分人则成为资本家血汗工厂的廉价劳动力。2.In Ireland and Scottish Highlands land enclosure led to mass

32、emigration, particularly to _.A. Africa B. Eastern EuropeC. Asia D. the New World（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：同上。3.In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _.A. 1918 B. 1920 C. 1928 D. 1945（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国女性选举权是经过两个步骤才得以完全实现的：在1918年，30岁以上女性获得选举权；到1928年女性才最终获得同男子同等的选举权。4.T

33、he Labor Party had its origins in the_, which was formed in January, 1893.A. Independent Labor PartyB. Grand National Consolidated Trade UnionC. Amalgamated Society of EngineersD. Trade Union Congress（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：1893年成立的独立工党(Independent Labor Party)因为其党派主张过于理想化和个人主义，不可能成为多数党；1900年，更名为劳工代表委员会

34、(Labor Representation Committee)，致力于在议会上为劳工阶级争取利益；1906年，再次更名成为劳工党(Labor Party)，后来因为参与战时联合政府，逐渐成为第一反对党和轮流执政党。5.As a result of the First World War, the _ was established in 1920.A. League of Nations B. British CommonwealthC. British East India Company D. United Nations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：第一次世界大战后，在凡尔赛

35、和约中，成立了第一个世界性的国际组织国家联盟(the league of nations)，宗旨是减少武器数量，平息国际纠纷及维持民众的生活水平，但是国际联盟并没能阻止二战的爆发，在二战结束后被联合国取代。6.The British Empire ended in _.A. the 1920s B. the 1930s C. the 1940s D. the 1950s（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：二战之后，1947年印度宣布独立，1948年缅甸宣布独立，1949年纽芬兰加入加拿大自治领。英国的全部海外殖民地几乎自治或独立。曾经殖民地遍布全球的大英帝国彻底瓦解。7.The Blitz

36、 radically changed the face of London for the first time since _ nearly 3 centuries earlier.A. the Black Death B. the Great FireC. the Civil War D. the Great Plague（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：伦敦大火(Great Fire of London)，发生于1666年9月2日至5日，是英国伦敦历史上最严重的一次火灾，其中有许多建筑物被烧毁，包括圣保罗大教堂。大火使得伦敦面目全非，所幸逃生时间充足，全城只有5人遇难。德国人的闪电

37、袭击(The Blitz)也和大火一样，彻底改变了伦敦的面貌。8.The joint communiqu issued by the US and British 1941 is _.A. the Teheran Declaration B. the Atlantic CharterC. the Potsdam Treaty D. the Washington Declaration（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：大西洋宪章是美国总统富兰克林罗斯福和英国首相丘吉尔在1941年共同起草的联合宣言。虽然美国当时并未参战，但宣言里已经包含了解决战后国际问题的方针，并体现了罗斯福总统的四大自由

38、原则，即the four freedom, freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, freedom from fear(言论自由，宗教信仰自由，免于匮乏的自由，免于恐惧的自由)。9.In the 1960s Pop music underwent a revolution when the Beatles became world famous and turned their hometown of _ into a place of pilgrimage.A. Manchester B. Blackpool C.

39、Liverpool D. Sheffield（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：利物浦是闻名世界、令无数流行乐迷倾倒的甲壳虫乐队(the Beatles)的故乡。乐队的四人保罗麦卡特尼、乔治哈里森、林格斯塔尔、约翰列农都出生、成长在这里，他们演唱过无数脍炙人口的单曲，给现代流行音乐留下了宝贵的财富。10.Britains first woman prime minister was _.A. Catherine B. Elizabeth C. Anne Boleyn D. Margaret Thatcher（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：Thatcher(撒切尔)是英国保守党政治家

40、和首相，也是欧洲历史上第一位女首相，并连任三届，在她辞职时成为英国历史上任期最长的首相。11.Which of the following is wrong about the official title of the present British monarch Elizabeth ?A. Head of the commonwealth.B. Head of the Catholic Church.C. Head of the executive, the legislature and the judiciary.D. Queen of the United Kingdom of G

41、reat Britain and Northern Ireland and her other realms and territories.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国的君主伊丽莎白二世的全称是“Elizabeth the second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and her other realms and territories, Queen, Head of the commonwealth, Defender of the Fait

42、h”，意思为“上帝天佑，大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国以及其他领土和领地的女王，英联邦元首，国教的保护者伊丽莎白二世”，英国的国教是英格兰教会(the Church of England)，不是天主教会。12.All British official documents bear the initials _.A. OHMS which stands for On Her Majestys ServiceB. OPMS which stands for On Prime Ministers ServiceC. OGS which stands for On Gods ServiceD. OCS w

43、hich stands for On the Cabinets Service（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：虽然君主只是国家的象征，并没有实权，但是为了继承传统，表达对君主的敬意以及体现其国家首领的地位，英国所有的官方文件上都印有“OHMS”的字样，表示On Her Majestys Service。13.In Britain, a general election takes place at least every _ years.A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国的大选每5年一次。14.The supreme law-making authority in Britain is _.A. Parliament B. Cabinet C. Supreme Court D. Queen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国政府实行行政、立法和司法三权分立，议会是最高立法机关。15.To its full sense, the British parliament consists of_.A. the House of the Lords and the House of CommonsB. the House and the SenateC.