专业英语八级（改错）-试卷172及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷172及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_The ability to move to find new work has long been a cornerstone of the American Dream. There is growing concern that being stuck in place contributes to higher levels of unemployment.Our

2、analysis, therefore, finds no correlation whatsoever between 1the percentage of residents who were born in a state and either theoverall rate of unemployment and its change over the past year. 2There is also no correlation between it and the level of incomeinequality. States with higher percentages

3、of home grown up 3residents do however have higher poverty rates. State mobility appears to be related to residents perceptions of their future economic conditions. The percentage of residents born in a state is closely associated with the percentage of people in the state whosee the economy getting

4、 worse and negatively associated with the 4percentage who perceive the economy to be getting better. Thislikely reflects a difference in the levels of income and skills what 5underlie these divergent perceptions about the economy. State-level mobility is also associated with key dimensions of health

5、 and well-being. Low mobility states have higher levels ofobesity and smoking and higher levels of happiness and 6well-being. The percentage of residents born in a state is positivelycorrelated with smoking and obesity, as well as deaths from 7cardiovascular disease, heart disease, and cancer. Conve

6、rse, the 8level of happiness or subjective well-being is negatively associatedwith the percentage of residents born in a state. And many have 9focused on the economic effects of mobility, our analysis suggestsit play an important role in health and happiness as well. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空

7、项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_For a developing country like India whose ecological and socio-economic systems are already under pressure from rapid urbanization, industrialization and economic growth, responding to the additional stress from impacts of climate change present both 1challeng

8、es and opportunities. By weaving climate change concerns into the fabric of its existing developmental policies, the countrywould not only be able to ineffectively address the challenges of 2climate change mitigation and adaptation, but will also be able to attain sustainable development. The impact

9、s of climate change areconventionally assessed in terms of their impact on the human and 3natural system. These impacts would in turn, relate sustainable development 4largely through their implication on the opportunities for economic development and development planning, on access to resources and

10、on the distributional effects, especially on the most poor acrossregions and income groups. Research conducting on the impact of 5climate change shows that developing countries are probable to 6bear the brunt as they have fewer resources for coping with theadverse change. In India, climate change co

11、uld add the additional 7stress on ecological and socio-economic systems are already 8facing tremendous pressures due to rapid urbanization,industrialization and economic development. Though the economy 9is closely tied to its natural resource base, India with its huge andgrowing population is consid

12、erately vulnerable to the impact of 10climate change.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Women were more likely than men to report having understandings about safer behavior, such as agreeing not to get drunk(23 percent of women compared to 14 percent of men). About

13、twice many women as men reported agreements with friends not to 1have dangerous relationships with someone new during break(17 percent compared to 8 percent). Students went on a spring break trip were nearly four times as 2likely as other students to engage to binge drinking, said 3developmental psy

14、chologist Megan Patrick, lead author of the paper and a Faculty Research Fellow at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. Understandings students had with their friends were also important predictors of alcoholic use. 4 Patrick and colleagues at Penn State surveyed 651 collegefres

15、hmen either before and after spring break. They were able to 5control for student behavior after spring break, which was 6a strong predictor of behavior during break. According to the study, about 31 percent of 651 collegefreshmen surveying reported binge drinking during spring break. 7Its important

16、 to encourage young people to talk with their friendsbeing safe during spring break, Patrick said. Agreeing that 8they wont drink too much may have an important protected effect. 9Its also important to talk about looking out for each other in case of 10someone does drink too much.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项

17、1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The governments continuing failure to address our nations gut-wrenching unemployment stems from a fundamental disagreement over how jobs are created in the first place. We are now in the third year of policies predicated on theassumption that govern

18、ment spending creates jobs. We have been 1squandered three years and trillions of dollars of the nation swealth on such policies, and they have not worked so they cannot 2work. Government cannot inject a single dollar into the economy if 3it has first taken that same dollar out of the economy. True,

19、 we can see the job that is saved or created when thegovernment puts that dollar back into the economy. That we cant 4see clearly are the jobs that are destroyed or prevented from forming because government has first taken that dollar out of the economy. We see those millions of lost jobs in a chron

20、ic unemployment rate and a stagnating economy. Government can transfer jobs from the production sector to 5 the government sector by taking money from one and giving it tothe other. Thats the heart of the presidents plan to spend billions 6of dollars to hire more teachers and firefighters than polic

21、e 7officers. But these temporal government jobs come at a steep 8price: every dollar spent on sustaining one of these jobs is a dollar 9taken from the same capital pool that would otherwise have beenavailable to productive businesses to invest creating permanent 10jobs.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空

22、项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试卷172答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：The ability to move to find new work has long been a cornerstone of the American Dream. There is growing concern that being stuck in place contrib

23、utes to higher levels of unemployment.Our analysis, therefore, finds no correlation whatsoever between 1the percentage of residents who were born in a state and either theoverall rate of unemployment and its change over the past year. 2There is also no correlation between it and the level of incomei

24、nequality. States with higher percentages of home grown up 3residents do however have higher poverty rates. State mobility appears to be related to residents perceptions of their future economic conditions. The percentage of residents born in a state is closely associated with the percentage of peop

25、le in the state whosee the economy getting worse and negatively associated with the 4percentage who perceive the economy to be getting better. Thislikely reflects a difference in the levels of income and skills what 5underlie these divergent perceptions about the economy. State-level mobility is als

26、o associated with key dimensions of health and well-being. Low mobility states have higher levels ofobesity and smoking and higher levels of happiness and 6well-being. The percentage of residents born in a state is positivelycorrelated with smoking and obesity, as well as deaths from 7cardiovascular

27、 disease, heart disease, and cancer. Converse, the 8level of happiness or subjective well-being is negatively associatedwith the percentage of residents born in a state. And many have 9focused on the economic effects of mobility, our analysis suggestsit play an important role in health and happiness

28、 as well. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：therefore一however）填空项1:_（正确答案：andor）填空项1:_（正确答案：up一去掉up）填空项1:_（正确答案：getting一as）填空项1:_（正确答案：what一thatwhich）填空项1:_（正确答案：higher一lower）填空项1:_（正确答案：deaths一with）填空项1:_（正确答案：Converse一Conversely）填空项1:_（正确答案：And一WhereasWhile）填空项1:_（正确答案：play一plays）解析：解析：语法错误。suggest表示“建议，提议”

29、时，其后的that从句要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略；当意为“表明，暗示”时，that从句用真实的语气。此句是第二种用法，意思是“我们的分析表明人口流动性对人们的健康和幸福起着很重要的作用。”由于此处描述的是一般性情况，故从句应该用一般现在时。故把play改为plays。For a developing country like India whose ecological and socio-economic systems are already under pressure from rapid urbanization, industrializati

30、on and economic growth, responding to the additional stress from impacts of climate change present both 1challenges and opportunities. By weaving climate change concerns into the fabric of its existing developmental policies, the countrywould not only be able to ineffectively address the challenges

31、of 2climate change mitigation and adaptation, but will also be able to attain sustainable development. The impacts of climate change areconventionally assessed in terms of their impact on the human and 3natural system. These impacts would in turn, relate sustainable development 4largely through thei

32、r implication on the opportunities for economic development and development planning, on access to resources and on the distributional effects, especially on the most poor acrossregions and income groups. Research conducting on the impact of 5climate change shows that developing countries are probab

33、le to 6bear the brunt as they have fewer resources for coping with theadverse change. In India, climate change could add the additional 7stress on ecological and socio-economic systems are already 8facing tremendous pressures due to rapid urbanization,industrialization and economic development. Thou

34、gh the economy 9is closely tied to its natural resource base, India with its huge andgrowing population is considerately vulnerable to the impact of 10climate change.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：presentpresents）填空项1:_（正确答案：ineffectirely一effectively）填空项1:_（正确答案：their-its）填空项1:_（正确答案：relate一to）填空项1:_（正确答案：co

35、nducting一conducted）填空项1:_（正确答案：probable一likely）填空项1:_（正确答案：the一去掉the）填空项1:_（正确答案：are一thatwhich）填空项1:_（正确答案：ThoughAsBecauseSince）填空项1:_（正确答案：considerately一considerably）解析：解析：词汇错误。considerately意为“体贴地”，considerably意为“相当地，非常”，此句的意思是“人口日益增长的印度非常容易受到气候变化的影响。”故应该用considerably，符合上下文语义。Women were more likely

36、 than men to report having understandings about safer behavior, such as agreeing not to get drunk(23 percent of women compared to 14 percent of men). Abouttwice many women as men reported agreements with friends not to 1have dangerous relationships with someone new during break(17 percent compared t

37、o 8 percent). Students went on a spring break trip were nearly four times as 2likely as other students to engage to binge drinking, said 3developmental psychologist Megan Patrick, lead author of the paper and a Faculty Research Fellow at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. Unde

38、rstandings students had with their friends were also important predictors of alcoholic use. 4 Patrick and colleagues at Penn State surveyed 651 collegefreshmen either before and after spring break. They were able to 5control for student behavior after spring break, which was 6a strong predictor of b

39、ehavior during break. According to the study, about 31 percent of 651 collegefreshmen surveying reported binge drinking during spring break. 7Its important to encourage young people to talk with their friendsbeing safe during spring break, Patrick said. Agreeing that 8they wont drink too much may ha

40、ve an important protected effect. 9Its also important to talk about looking out for each other in case of 10someone does drink too much.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：manyas）填空项1:_（正确答案：wentwhothat或wentgoing）填空项1:_（正确答案：(engage)to一in）填空项1:_（正确答案：alcoholic一alcohol）填空项1:_（正确答案：either一both）填空项1:_（正确答案：after一bef

41、ore）填空项1:_（正确答案：surveying一surveyed）填空项1:_（正确答案：beingabout）填空项1:_（正确答案：protected一protective）填空项1:_（正确答案：of一去掉of或of一that）解析：解析：词汇错误。in case of为固定搭配，是介词短语，后接名词、动名词或代词等，in case(that)作短语连词，可以引导状语从句，其中that可以省掉，此处后面接的是句子，故应该用短语连词。The governments continuing failure to address our nations gut-wrenching unemp

42、loyment stems from a fundamental disagreement over how jobs are created in the first place. We are now in the third year of policies predicated on theassumption that government spending creates jobs. We have been 1squandered three years and trillions of dollars of the nation swealth on such policies

43、, and they have not worked so they cannot 2work. Government cannot inject a single dollar into the economy if 3it has first taken that same dollar out of the economy. True, we can see the job that is saved or created when thegovernment puts that dollar back into the economy. That we cant 4see clearl

44、y are the jobs that are destroyed or prevented from forming because government has first taken that dollar out of the economy. We see those millions of lost jobs in a chronic unemployment rate and a stagnating economy. Government can transfer jobs from the production sector to 5 the government sector by taking money from one and giving it tothe other. Thats the heart of the presidents plan to spend billions 6of dollars to hire more teachers and firefight