专业八级-704及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-704 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).According to Ellen, the increasing demand for hiring is due to（分数：1.00）A.good economic environment.B.g

2、ood majors in colleges.C.the new policy on economy.D.expansion of some large corporations.(2).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Accounting, and finance graduates are easier to feud a job.B.Srarting salary for engineering students are higher now.C.Competition among employers r

3、emains as fierce as before.D.Employers plan to hire more grads this year than last year.(3).Why does Ellen suggest that students should not rely on the Internet?（分数：1.00）A.Because it will reduce the chance Of getting a job.B.Because it is full of fraud.C.Because it will become the graduates only str

4、ategy.D.Because it is a waste of time.(4).Which of the following is NOT Ellens advice to graduates?（分数：1.00）A.Asking general questions about companies and requirements.B.Being confident to take charge.C.Getting familiar with the company before you go in there.D.Being aware of your interviewing skill

5、s.(5).In Ellens opinion, electronic footprint can（分数：1.00）A.help develop the graduates confidence.B.bring a positive effect to job hunters.C.get the graduates off the coach.D.be tracked by prospective employers.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end

6、of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).President Obama is now focusing on _（分数：1.00）A.stabilizing the national economyB.creating money woes for many families.C.addressing dally issues that create money woes.D.preventing the collapse

7、 of big financial firms.(2).The White House advisory panel is set up to _（分数：1.00）A.show cares to the middle class.B.create more jobs for the middle class.C.help the middle class go through the difficult decades.D.study and solve the problems the middle class faced.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the

8、 following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The violence erupted in the southern Calabrian town of Rosarno, because _（分数：1.00）A.two immigrants were shot by white local youths.B.two immigrants fought with white

9、 local youths.C.African farm workers clashed with two polices.D.local security forces shot two African immigrants.(2)._migrants have been treated in hospital after the clashes.（分数：1.00）A.750B.300C.21D.81.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 sec

10、onds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.Leading stock markets have been weighed down in the past few weeks, because of（分数：1.00）A.the high unemployment rate.B.the weak housing market.C.weakening economic recovery.D.the fear of weakening recovery.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(

11、总题数：1，分数：4.00)“The world isnt flat,“ writes Edward Glaeser, “its paved.“ At any rate, most of the places where people prefer to dwell are paved. More than half of humanity now lives in cities, and every month 5 million people move from the countryside to a city somewhere in the developing world.For

12、Mr Glaeser, a Harvard economist who grew up in Manhattan, this is a happy prospect. He calls cities “our species greatest invention“: proximity makes people more inventive, as bright minds feed off one another; more productive, as scale gives rise to finer degrees of specialisation; and kinder to th

13、e planet, as city-dwellers are more likely to go by foot, bus or train than the car-slaves of suburbia and the sticks. He builds a strong case, too, for town-dwelling, drawing on his own research as well as that of other observers of urban life. And although liberally sprinkled with statistics, Triu

14、mph of the City is no dry work. Mr Glaeser writes lucidly and spares his readers the equations of his trade.What makes some cities succeed? Successful places have in common the ability to attract people and to enable them to collaborate. Yet Mr Glaeser also says they are not like Tolstoys happy fami

15、lies: those that thrive, thrive in their own ways. Titus Tokyo is a national seat of political and financial power. Singapore embodies a peculiar mix of the free market, state-led industrialisation and paternalism. The well-educated citizenries of Boston, Milan, Minneapolis and New York have found n

16、ew sources of prosperity when old ones ran out.Mr Glaeser is likely to raise hackles in three areas. The first is urban poverty in the developing world. He can see the misery of a slum in Kolkata, Lagos or Rio de Janeiro as easily as anyone else, but believes that “theres a lot to like about urban p

17、overty“ because it beats the rural kind. Cities attract the poor with the promise of a better lot than the countryside offers. About three-quarters of Lagoss people have access to safe drinking water; the Nigerian average is less than 30%. Rural West Bengals poverty rate is twice Kolkatas.The second

18、 is the height of buildings. Mr Glaeser likes them talland its not just the Manhattanite in him speaking. He likes low-rise neighbourhoods, too, but points out that restrictions on height are also restrictions on the supply of space, which push up the prices of housing and offices. That suits those

19、who own property already, but hurts those who might otherwise move in, and hence perhaps the city as a whole.So Mr Glaeser wonders whether central Paris might have benefited from a few skyscrapers. He certainly believes that his hometown should preserve fewer old buildings. And he thinks that cities

20、 in developing countries should build up rather than out. New downtown developments in Mumbai, he says, should rise to at least 40 storeys.The third, related, area is sprawl, which is promoted, especially in America, by flawed policies nationally and locally. Living out of town may feel green, but i

21、t isnt. Americans live too far apart, drive too much and walk too little. The tax-deductibility of mortgage interest encourages people to buy houses rather than rent flats, buy bigger properties rather than smaller ones and therefore to spread out. Minimum plot sizes keep folk out of, say, Marin Cou

22、nty, California. He says that spreading Houston has “done a better job of providing affordable housing than all of the progressive reformers on Americas East and West coasts.“Cities need wise government above all else, and they get it too rarely. That is one reason why, from Paris in 1789 to Cairo i

23、n 2011, they are sources of political upheaval as well as economic advance. The reader may wonder if Mumbai really would be better off as a city of high-rise slums rather than low-rise ones.（分数：4.00）(1).The sentence in the first paragraph “The world isnt flat, its paved.“ implies that（分数：1.00）A.the

24、world is a round settled planet.B.citys are built by human beings.C.urban life is better than suburban life.D.people prefer to dwell in the countryside.(2).Which of the following does NOT show the results of urbanization?（分数：1.00）A.It enables citizens to think and work creatively.B.Manufacturing pro

25、ductivity has been improved.C.It encourages more environment friendly living style.D.It attracts people and enables them to collaborate.(3).According to Mr Glaesers theory, which of the following is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.People should notice something positive about urban poverty.B.Low-rise neighbourh

26、oods are advisable in developing countries.C.The mortgage interest policy promotes sprawl in America.D.The story of Marin County is a good demonstration of flawed policies.(4).Which of the following adjectives best describes the authors treatment of Glaesers argumentation?（分数：1.00）A.IndifferentB.Neu

27、tralC.AffirmativeD.Critical七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Imagine that you could rewind the clock 20 years, and youre 20 years younger. How do you feel? Well, if youre at all like the subjects in a provocative experiment by Harvard psychologist Ellen Langer, you actually feel as if your body clock has been

28、turned back two decades. Langer did a study like this with a group of elderly men some years ago, retrofitting an isolated old New England hotel so that every visible sign said it was 20 years earlier. The menin their late 70s and early 80swere told not to reminisce about the past, but to actually a

29、ct as if they had traveled back in time. The idea was to see if changing the mens mindset about their own age might lead to actual changes in health and fitness.Langers findings were stunning: After just one week, the men in the experimental group (compared with controls of the same age) had more jo

30、int flexibility, increased dexterity and less arthritis in their hands. Their mental sensitivity had risen measurably, and they had improved posture. Outsiders who were shown the mens photographs judged them to be significantly younger than the controls. In other words, the aging process had in some

31、 measure been reversed.Though this sounds a bit woo-wooey, Langer and her Harvard colleagues have been running similarly inventive experiments for decades, and the accumulated weight of the evidence is convincing. Her theory, argued in her new book, Counterclockwise, is that we are all victims of ou

32、r own stereotypes about aging and health. We mindlessly accept negative cultural cues about disease and old age, and these cues shape our self-concepts and our behavior. If we can shake loose from the negative clichs that dominate our thinking about health, we can “mindfully“ open ourselves to possi

33、bilities for more productive lives even into old age.Consider another of Langers mindfulness studies, this one using an ordinary optometrists eye chart. Thats the chart with the huge E on top, and descending lines of smaller and smaller letters that eventually become unreadable. Langer and her colle

34、agues wondered: what if we reversed it? The regular chart creates the expectation that at some point you will be unable to read. Would turning the chart upside down reverse that expectation, so that people would expect the letters to become readable? Thats exactly what they found. The subjects still

35、 couldnt read the tiniest letters, but when they were expecting the letters to get more legible, they were able to read smaller letters than they could have normally. Their expectation their mindsetimproved their actual vision.That means that some people may be able to change prescriptions if they c

36、hange the way they think about seeing. But other health consequences might be more important than that. Heres another study, this one using clothing as a trigger for aging stereotypes. Most people try to dress appropriately for their age, so clothing in effect becomes a cue for ingrained attitudes a

37、bout age. But what if this cue disappeared? Langer decided to study people who routinely wear uniforms as part of their work life, and compare them with people who dress in street clothes. She found that people who wear uniforms missed fewer days owing to illness or injury, had fewer doctors visits

38、and hospitalizations, and had fewer chronic diseaseseven though they all had the same socioeconomic status. Thats because they were not constantly reminded of their own aging by their fashion choices. The health differences were even more exaggerated when Langer looked at affluent people: presumably

39、 the means to buy even more clothes provides a steady stream of new aging cues, which wealthy people internalize as unhealthy attitudes and expectations.Langers point is that we are surrounded every day by subtle signals that aging is an undesirable period of decline. These signals make it difficult

40、 to age gracefully. Similar signals also lock all of usregardless of ageinto pigeonholes for disease. We are too quick to accept diagnostic categories like cancer and depression, and let them define us.Thats not to say that we wont encounter illness, bad moods or a stiff back. But with a little mind

41、fulness, we can try to embrace uncertainty and understand that the way we feel today may or may not connect to the way we will feel tomorrow.（分数：6.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the experiment is designed by Ellen Langer to show（分数：1.00）A.how men could rewind the body clock.B.how the old m

42、en traveled back to the past.C.how the old hotel influences peoples mind.D.how the state of mind influences health.(2).Which of the following is NOT true about the old men in the experimental group during Langers experiment?（分数：1.00）A.They look younger than they are.B.They look much happier than bef

43、ore.C.Their joints tend to be more flexible.D.They have fewer diseases than before.(3).The word woo-wooey in the third paragraph probably means（分数：1.00）A.marvelousB.incredibleC.impracticalD.mysterious(4).What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the topic?（分数：1.00）A.To show how to

44、use an eye chart in an unordinary way.B.To show that the regular eye chart is not properly designed.C.To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraphs.D.To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.(5).The sentence in the sixth paragraph “Similar signals also, for disease“ implies that

45、_（分数：1.00）A.We tend to accept that becoming old is inevitable.B.We usually have no doubts about doctors diagnosis.C.Illness often leaves us in a difficult situation.D.Fixed ideas about illnesses can worsen the situation.(6).We can infer from the passage that _（分数：1.00）A.Rich people tend to be more c

46、onscious of getting old.B.It is beneficial for human beings to travel back to the past.C.An upside-down eye chart is good for peoples eyesight.D.Mens mindset can wipe out illness like hand arthritis.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)After taking a brief hiatus to weather the recession, an invasion of Britain b

47、y some of Americas best- known retail brandsincluding Best Buy, Banana Republic and Forever 21-is back on the march. And early reports from the front line in the land of shopkeepers indicate that, unlike with earlier attempts by U.S. retailers to break Britain, British consumers are welcoming the in

48、vaders with open armsand wallets.Thats not always been the case. While the British public has long had an appetite for American fast- food vendors, the record of U.S. retailers who have tried to make it big in Britain is mixed. But the latest arrivals enter the market as already established brands w

49、ith built-in consumer awareness, thanks to the dominance of U.S. culture in media and online. And they satisfy British shoppers desire for “something new,“ says analyst Natalie Berg, of London-based consultants Planet Retail. “They all bring a cult aspect“ to the U.K. high street.Best BuyAmericas largest consumer-electronics chainkicked of