职称英语理工类B级-50及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 B 级-50 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The conference was hailed as a great success.（分数：1.00）A.publishedB.challengedC.acclaimedD.guided2.The defendant asked for a number of other offences to be taken into account .（分数：1.00）A.calculationB.computationC.considerationD

2、.assessment3.I did remember, but only dimly .（分数：1.00）A.inadequatelyB.hardlyC.faintlyD.sufficiently4.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.（分数：1.00）A.expressiveB.physicalC.exaggeratedD.dubious5.His breathing was steady .（分数：1.00）A.regularB.usualC.commonD.ordinary6.I doubt

3、they“ll be able to help but it“s worth trying .（分数：1.00）A.growingB.wrappingC.hidingD.attempting7.When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted.（分数：1.00）A.willinglyB.suddenlyC.firmlyD.quickly8.The deadly disease has affected these animals.（分数：1.00）A.contagiousB.seriousC.fatalD.worrying9.Lea

4、d is potentially damaging to children“s health.（分数：1.00）A.slightB.surprisingC.suddenD.harmful10.We aim to increase the speed of delivery.（分数：1.00）A.velocityB.impulseC.ratioD.atrocity11.Exposure to the Sun can accelerate the ageing process.（分数：1.00）A.step upB.decreaseC.stopD.control12.More resources

5、are being allocated to the project.（分数：1.00）A.persuadedB.assignedC.askedD.ordered13.The system is designed to be used in conjunction with a word processing program.（分数：1.00）A.togetherB.in successionC.in allianceD.in connection14.These old buildings are gorgeous .（分数：1.00）A.ridiculousB.lovelyC.magnif

6、icentD.peculiar15.They scattered after dinner.（分数：1.00）A.separatedB.fledC.departedD.spread二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva (唾液) in your mouth. First gent

7、ly bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing (切片) a big juicy lemon and sucking (吮吸) the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk

8、 or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted (稀释的) fruit juice. If you sense, that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best t

9、hing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcoho

10、l is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until you finish speaking. Perhaps you

11、 want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating sinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter.“ Take this message to heart and give yourself time to dev

12、elop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.（分数：7.00）(1).To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The first p

13、aragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The writer“s advice about alcohol before you make a speech is

14、 to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.（分数：1.00）A.RightB

15、.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change one“s habits.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Science Fiction1. Amongst the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as science fiction. Hundreds o

16、f titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories. 2. It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in b

17、ooks written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories. 3. Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such

18、as Jules Verne and H. G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages. 4. Modern science fiction writers don“t write about men from Mars (火星) or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society

19、 and the human mind; or in imagining future worlds which are a reflection of the world which we live in now. Because of this, their writing has obvious political undertones (含义). 5. In an age where science fact frequently overtakes (超过) science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahea

20、d of scientific advances. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Popularity of Science Fict

21、ion B. A Fairly New Development C. Classics of Science Fiction D. Difficulty in Keeping Ahead of Scientific Adventure E. Its Origin F. Themes of Modern Science Fiction（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).Some form of ideal society is 1. A. concer

22、ned with the problems to solve in the future B. to keep ahead of scientific advances C. have political implication D. a current theme E. read worldwide F. a recurrent theme（分数：1.00）(6).Books written by Jules Verne are 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Modern science fiction 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The writers find it difficult

23、 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate. It may also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers. What are two things that make

24、humans different from animals? One is language, and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing (and many birds sing better than a lot of people). However, the songs of animals, such as birds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical

25、 instruments. Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate thingsespecially their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, it is a very powerful form of communication. But, biologically speaking, what is music? If music is

26、 truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific evidence suggests that this is true. Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language. However, they don“t automatically (自动地) lose their musical abi

27、lities. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer, had a stroke (中风) in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to l

28、ose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech. This shows that the brain processes music and language separately. By studying the physical effects of music on the body, scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions. But why does music have suc

29、h a strong effect on us? That is a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection. Music requires special talent, practice, and physical ability. That“s why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be some

30、one“s mate. For example, singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes (音符). And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally, when a man sings to the woman h

31、e loves (or vice versa), it may be a way of showing off. However, Miller“s theory still doesn“t explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scientists, this is clearly an area that needs further research.（分数：15.00）(1).Music can NOT be used _.（分数：3.00）A.as an effi

32、cient way to communicateB.as an effective tool to perform magic tricksC.to successfully seek after a loverD.to influence the emotions of humans(2).Humans are different from animals because _.（分数：3.00）A.they have different languages and musicB.they have different languages and communicationsC.they ha

33、ve different songs and languagesD.they have different music and songs(3).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：3.00）A.People who lose their ability to process language also lose their musical abilities.B.People who injure the left sides of their brains can speak and understand music.C.People

34、 who injure the left sides of their brains can“t compose music.D.People use different parts of their brains to process music and language.(4).The author doesn“t suggest that _.（分数：3.00）A.music requires special talentB.music requires practiceC.music requires psychological abilityD.music requires phys

35、ical ability(5).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.What are the differences of human music and animal music.B.What are the differences of human language and animal language.C.What is music in the aspect of biology.D.What is music in the aspect of zoology.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Media and C

36、urrent EventsThe media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the People“s Park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to c

37、ompare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities. Electronic media are having a greater impact on th

38、e people“s lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. C

39、onsider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action“ such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression

40、of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities. In 1992, many people watched in

41、 horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgme

42、nts, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury (陪审团) was able to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that W

43、ednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “Can we all get along?“ By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching w

44、ith banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding (展开) on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process.（分数：15.00）(1).The best title for the pass

45、age is _.（分数：3.00）A.The 1992 Los Angeles RiotsB.The Impact of Media on Current EventsC.The 1989 San Francisco Earthquake and.1992 Los Angeles RiotsD.How Media Cover Events(2).All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that _.（分数：3.00）A.electronic media can extend one“s contact with the worldB.t

46、hose living far away from a certain event can also have some perception of realities by watching televisionC.all the events occurring on the university campus at Berkeley were given national media coverageD.video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake gave the viewers the impression of the to

47、tal disaster(3).The term “electronic city“ in Paragraph 2 refers to _.（分数：3.00）A.Los AngelesB.San FranciscoC.BerkeleyD.Earth(4).The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because _.（分数：3.00）A.the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney KingB.people can make their own judgementsC.video coverage

48、from helicopters had made people angryD.video coverage had provided powerful feedback(5).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：3.00）A.media coverage of events as they occur can have either good or bad resultsB.most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with the verd

49、ict of the juryC.the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole weekD.Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on Friday七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Learning DisabilitiesLearning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities. Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no lo