职称英语(理工类)39及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(理工类)39 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Unable to (control) himself, he tore the phone from his wifes hand,then from the socket, and throw it across the room.（分数：-1.00）A.restrainB.refreshC.releaseD.relieve2.The town is (famous) for its magnificent church towers.（分数：-1.00）A.knownB.contemporaryC.spe

2、cializedD.specified3.Our public transportation is not (sufficient) for the need of the people in our major cities.（分数：-1.00）A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.adequate4.It is necessary to make a(n) (abstract) while writing a report.（分数：-1.00）A.summaryB.analysisC.discussionD.index5.In some cultures

3、people who were thought to have the ability to (explain) dreams were likely to be highly respected.（分数：-1.00）A.interpretB.interveneC.inheritD.impact6.Though friends for many years, the two lawyers (ended up) as enemies.（分数：-1.00）A.turned outB.gave inC.got rid ofD.put an end at7.It is difficult to un

4、derstand this kind of (complicated) calculation.（分数：-1.00）A.contemporaryB.complexC.mobileD.varied8.The great castles of the king were without bathing (facilities).（分数：-1.00）A.poolsB.meansC.showersD.towels9.The judge (suspected) the truth of the evidence provided by the witness.（分数：-1.00）A.believedB.

5、guessedC.doubtedD.realized10.Please (check) your bill before you leave the shop and make sure that it is correct.（分数：-1.00）A.pay offB.go overC.look upD.find out11.Helen will leave (immediately).（分数：-1.00）A.far awayB.right awayC.right hereD.soon12.Eating too much fat can (lead to) heart disease and c

6、ause high blood pressure.（分数：-1.00）A.attribute toB.attend toC.contribute toD.devote to13.The teachers want to (do away with) cheating in their school.（分数：-1.00）A.do credit toB.retainC.put an end toD.substitute for14.Mary had sold her bike, taken a driving (test) and bought a car.（分数：-1.00）A.examinat

7、ionB.quizC.exerciseD.check15.Dont be so (innocent) as to believe everything the politicians say.（分数：-1.00）A.ignorantB.illiterateC.simpleD.stupidFlu Shots Or Not? It sounded like a good idea when New York Citys mayor, Rudollph Giuliani, advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot. After all, 20,00

8、0 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular, the mayor suggested, getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational (吸入的) form of anthrax (炭疽). How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly simi

9、lar symptomsfever, chills and muscle achesin the early days of the infection. Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated (接种疫苗) against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infe

10、ction was still in its earliest, most treatable stages. Or so the mayors reasoning went. Unfortunately, there are a couple of problems with his logic. For one thing, getting vaccinated against influenza doesnt guarantee you wont get sick. Although highly effective, the flu vaccine (疫苗) protects agai

11、nst only the dominant types of the disease and even then does not provide 100% protection. It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies (抗体). Each year thousands of Americans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu. There are al

12、so plenty of reasons you might develop fever, chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu. Indeed, doctors estimate that more than 80% of all flu like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses. Getting vaccinated against flu cant protect you against s

13、uffering from these other illnesses. In the worst case, asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended, leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection. Already there have been del

14、ays in getting this years shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctors offices. Those who should be at the front of the line include folks who are 65 or older, nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people. Flu sho

15、ts are also important for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV (艾滋病病毒) or other conditions. The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it protects against most flus not that youre worried about getting anthrax. While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far, many m

16、ore could be at risk from flu-related complications. Theres no need to worsen the tragedy by making this years influenza epidemic any worse. （分数：-0.98）(1).Quite a few New Yorkers took their mayors recent advice and got a flu shot.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is not easy to tell anth

17、rax from flu in the early days of the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Those who get the flu vaccine are surely protected from the disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Some other illnesses may exhibit symptoms similar to those of flu and anthrax.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.W

18、rongC.Not mentioned(5).Asking all healthy adults to get a flu shot may result in a shortage of the flu shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).People who care for those most vulnerable to the influenza infection neednt get flu shots.（分数：-0.

19、14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).None of the five people killed by inhalational anthrax had been vaccinated against influenza.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedHealth Education 1. Health education is the part of health care that is concerned with promoting healthy behavior. A persons behavio

20、r may be the main cause of a health problem, but it can also be the main solution. This is true for the teenager who smokes, the mother with the poorly nourished (营养) child, and the butcher (屠夫,卖肉的人) who gets a cut on his finger. By changing their behavior these individuals can solve and prevent man

21、y of their own problems. 2. Health education does not replace other health services, but it is needed to promote the proper use of these services. One example of this is immunization (免疫) : scientists have made many vaccines (疫苗) to prevent diseases, but this achievement is of no value unless people

22、 go to receive the immunization. 3. Health education encourages behavior that promotes health, prevents illness, cures disease, and contributes to recovery. The needs and interests of individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities are at the heart of health education programs. Thus th

23、ere, are many opportunities for practicing health education. 4. Health education is not the same thing as health information. Correct information is certainly a basic part of health education, but health education must also address the other factors that affect health behavior such as availability (

24、可获性) of resources, effectiveness of community leadership, social support from family members, and levels of self-help skills. Health education therefore uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situations and choose actions that will improve their health. Health education is inc

25、omplete unless it encourages involvement and choice by the people themselves. 5. Also, in health education we do not blame people if they do not behave in a healthy way. Often unhealthy behavior is not the fault of the individual. In health education we must work with families, communities, and even

26、 regional and national authorities to make sure that resources and support are available to enable each individual to lead a healthy life. A. Importance of Immunization B. Relationship with Other Health Services C. Creation of Necessary Conditions for Healthy Behavior D. Encouraging Unhealthy Behavi

27、or E. Encouragement of Behavior Good for Your Health F. Addressing a Variety of Behavior-affecting Factors （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).Promoting healthy behavior is the goal of

28、_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).Immunization helps to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).Health education cannot take the place of_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(8).Individuals should be provided with necessary conditions for_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Biotechnology Biotechnology in one form or another has flourished since prehistoric

29、times. When the first human beings realized that they could plant their own crops and breed their own animals, they learned to use biotechnology. The discovery that fruit juices fermented(发酵) in wine, or that milk could be converted into cheese or yogurt(酸乳酶) or that beer could be made by fermenting

30、 solutions of malt(麦芽) and hops(啤酒花) began the study of biotechnology. When the first bakers found that they could make a soft, spongy(多乳的) bread rather than a firm, thin cracker they were acting as fledgling(缺乏经验的) biotechnologists. The first animal breeders, realizing that different physical trait

31、s could be either magnified or lost by mating appropriate pairs of animals, engaged in the manipulations of biotechnology. What then is biotechnology? The term brings to mind different things. Some think of developing new types of animals. Others dream of almost unlimited sources of human therapeuti

32、c (治疗的) drugs. Still others envision (想象) the possibility of growing crops that are more nutritious(有养分的) and naturally pest-resistant (有抵抗力的) to feed a rapidly growing world population. This question elicits (引发) almost as many first-thought responses as there are people to whom the question can be

33、 posed. In its purest form, the term “biotechnology“ refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the human environment. Prehistoric biotechnologists did this as they used yeast cells to raise bread dough(生面团) and to ferment alcoholic beverages, and bacterial ce

34、lls to make cheeses and yogurts and as they bred their strong, productive animals to make even stronger and more productive offspring. Throughout human history, we have learned a great deal about the different organisms that our ancestors used so effectively. The marked increase in our understanding

35、 of these organisms and their cell products gains us the ability to control the many functions of various cells and organisms. Using the techniques of gene splicing(叠接) and recombine DNA technology, we can now actually combine the genetic elements of two or more living cells. Functioning lengths of

36、DNA can be taken from one organism and placed into the cells of another organism. As a result, for example, we can cause bacterial cells to produce human molecules cows can produce more milk or the same amount of feed, and we can synthesize the rapeutic molecules that have never before existed. （分数：

37、-1.00）(1).The human beings began to use biotechnology_.（分数：-0.20）A.when they could walk on their feetB.before they could plant their own cropsC.after they realized that they could raise their own animalsD.as soon as scientists began their studies on biotechnology(2).According to the passage, which o

38、f the following is NOT an application of biotechnology?（分数：-0.20）A.People made beer by fermenting solutions of malt and hops.B.Bakers used flour and sugar to make a firm, thin cracker which is delicious.C.Workers converted milk into cheese.D.Animal breeders mated appropriate pairs of animals to magn

39、ify their traits.(3).The term“ biotechnology“ may bring different things to mind except_.（分数：-0.20）A.new types of animalsB.crops that are more nutritious and naturally pest-resistantC.stronger and more productive offspring of animalsD.rapidly growing world population(4).The sentence “This question e

40、licits.“(para. 2) means _.（分数：-0.20）A.people have different responses to the question “ What is biotechnology“B.the question “What is biotechnology“ has been posed to many peopleC.responses to the question “What is biotechnology“ should be made on the spotD.only these who are asked the question “wha

41、t is biotechnology“ can answer it(5).Biotechnology enables us _.（分数：-0.20）A.to change the DNA of human beingsB.to produce more milk by increasing the number of cowsC.to increase the functions of various cells and organismsD.to find new human moleculesHow to Be a Nurse The physicians in a hospital fo

42、rm the core of the medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. From the view point of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as t

43、hey are in the hospital. A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. Under the supervision o

44、f the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend to patients needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. Some

45、take turns working night duty; others work odd shifts. All of them work out of a central area on the ward called the nurses station. A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patient

46、s under intensive care are critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital. Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only

47、 very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession. （分数：-1.00）(1).The nursing staff_.（分数：-0.20）A.are central to the medical staffB.play an important role in caring patientsC.can work effectively without physiciansD.are always in close contact with the patients(2).Why dont nurses study for as

48、 many years as doctors?（分数：-0.20）A.Most nurses work long days.B.They dont treat patients for illness and injury.C.Caring for sick patients requires patience and concern.D.They are not dedicated.(3).Why must nurses work in shifts?（分数：-0.20）A.They are careless.B.Nursing services must be provided conti

49、nuously.C.They work at night from time to time.D.A shift is usually eight hours long.(4).What kind of person is suited to become a nurse?（分数：-0.20）A.A very careful person.B.An able person.C.A very dedicated person.D.A specially trained person.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author?（分数：-0.20）A.Nurses are specially trained to offer bedside care to sick person.B.Patients cannot do without nurses.C.Nursing cannot practise medicine.D.Nurses often work during the night.Cancer The popular TV va