职称英语(卫生类)27及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(卫生类)27 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.He (claimed proudly) that he was the best swimmer in his school.（分数：-1.00）A.braggedB.allegedC.exclaimedD.praised2.There was a (number) of children on the playground.（分数：-1.00）A.classB.great crowdC.small groupD.line3.The judge (suspected) the truth of the evi

2、dence provided by the witness.（分数：-1.00）A.believedB.guessedC.doubtedD.realized4.It is difficult to understand this kind of (complicated) calculation.（分数：-1.00）A.contemporaryB.complexC.mobileD.varied5.Because of her rudeness to customers, the waitress has been (fired).（分数：-1.00）A.expiredB.resignedC.d

3、esignedD.dismissed6.I have a (permanent) job here.（分数：-1.00）A.newB.high-paidC.stableD.temporary7.The exploration of outer space is a great (triumph) of modern science.（分数：-1.00）A.superiorB.symbolC.successionD.success8.Dont (hesitate) to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.（分数：-1.00）A.p

4、auseB.refuseC.rejectD.wait9.In violin making, the (choice) of the wood is crucial.（分数：-1.00）A.selectionB.grainC.resonanceD.shape10.O. J. Simpson, who ranks as one of the best runners in American football history was known for his (speed) and agility.（分数：-1.00）A.swiftnessB.sizeC.stadiumD.strength11.H

5、e (maintained) that the opinion was wrong.（分数：-1.00）A.emphasizedB.repairedC.stuckD.helped12.She (purchased) a ticket and went up on the top deck.（分数：-1.00）A.tookB.boughtC.showedD.made13.Your father is (furious) about the damage you have done to the flower beds.（分数：-1.00）A.angryB.anxiousC.uncertainD.

6、worried14.For children, playing is an automatic and integrate (component) of growing up.（分数：-1.00）A.decisionB.reminderC.partD.restriction15.The town is (famous) for its magnificent church towers.（分数：-1.00）A.knownB.contemporaryC.specializedD.specifiedFood Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted an

7、d exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the university of Massachusetts Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe. “The streets woul

8、d be littered with people lying here and there.“ Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plants weight is made up of natural pesticides(杀

9、虫剂) . Says he; “Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare. “ And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogensa substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms (蘑菇) might be banned

10、if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University:“ Weve got far worst natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made. “ Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to the t

11、errified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens o

12、f new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink. To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighte

13、n its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook f

14、ood properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens. （分数：-0.98）(1).The author thinks that the American overestimate the hazards of their food.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).The author considers it impossib

15、le to obtain no-risk food because many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicals.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).By saying “they employ chemical warfare“ Line 4, Para. 2, Bruse Ames means “plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and disease. “（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Me

16、ntioned(4).The reduction of the possible hazards in food ultimately depends on the government.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).There is reason for caution but no cause Tor alarm with regard to food consumption.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).The government have no responsibility

17、 in reducing the possible hazards in food.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Eating and drinking have become more hazardous than before.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedMedicine 1. Medicine is the science and art of healing. It is a science because it is based on knowledge gained throu

18、gh careful study and experimentation. It is an art because it depends on how skillfully doctors and other medical workers apply this knowledge when dealing with patients. 2. The goals of medicine are to save lives, to relieve suffering, and to maintain the dignity of ill individuals. For this reason

19、, medicine has long been one of the most respected professions. Thousands of men and women who work in the medical profession spend their lives caring for the sick. When disaster strikes, hospital workers rush emergency aid to the injured. When epidemics threaten, doctors and nurses work to prevent

20、the spread of disease. Researchers in the medical profession continually search for better ways of fighting disease. 3. Human beings have suffered from illnesses since they first appeared on the earth. Throughout most of this time, they knew little about how the human body works or what causes disea

21、se. Treatment was based largely on superstition and guesswork. 4. However, medicine has made tremendous progress in the last several hundred years. Today, it is possible to cure, control, or prevent hundreds of diseases. People live longer than they did in the past as a result of new drugs, machines

22、, and surgical operations. Medical progress in the control of infectious diseases, improvements in health care programs for mothers and children, and better nutrition, sanitation, and living conditions have given people a longer life expectancy. 5. As medicine has become more scientific, it has also

23、 become more complicated. In the past, doctors cared for patients almost single-handedly. Patients received treatment at home for most kinds of illnesses. Today , doctors no longer work by themselves. Instead. They head medical teams made up of nurses, laboratory workers, and many other skilled prof

24、essionals. The care provided by such teams cannot generally be started at home. As a result, clinics and hospitals have become the chief centers for medical care in most countries. A. In ancient tribes, treatment was executed by witch doctors and based largely on superstition. B. Today, extensive kn

25、owledge and sophisticated medical techniques make possible the cure, control, and prevention of hundreds of disease C. The goals of medicine involve life rescuing, pain reducing, and dignity maintaining D. Control of infectious diseases is given as a reason for a longer a life E. School infirmaries

26、appear as a result of increasing complicated medical work F. Medical care is now provided for patients in hospitals by a medical team consisting of doctors, nurses, and laboratory workers （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4)

27、.Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(5).Doctors are skillful in dealing with patients just as_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).Doctors apply the knowledge gained through_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).Medical progress, improved health care, and better living conditions have ensured_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).With the devel

28、opment of the medicine, clinics and hospitals have become _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.Cancer The popular TV variety-show host was grim but calm. He faced the cameras and said bluntly: “I have cancer.“ Masataka Itsumis disclosure may be the latest sign that the shame associated with cancer is finally break

29、ing down in a country where, unlike the United Sates, the topic has traditionally been taboo. Cancer is the countrys No.1 killer, chaining more than 230,000 lives a year. Despite the number of people affected, the subject has long been concealed in secrecy and silence. As a rule, Japanese are reluct

30、ant to tell anyone other than family if they have cancer. And doctors often lie to patients about a cancer diagnosis, fearing they would be depressed and weakened by the truth. Polls indicate that most people would prefer to be told if they have cancer. But health authorities have estimated as few a

31、s one in five cancer patients is given a truthful diagnosis. “The patient is very afraid to hear of having cancer, so many doctors just dont tell,“ said one doctor. “ But if we dont tell the truth, its bad for the relationship between doctor and patient. So I think this is beginning to change“. He s

32、aid he believed the intense public interest in the Itsumi case reflected pent-up curiosity and concern about the subject. There are other signs of greater openness in confronting cancer. Support groups for cancer victims, once unknown, have sprung up. The plot of a recent film revolved around a man

33、with cancer. An unusually powerful television advertisement, appealing for bone-marrow donations, features a young woman who has since died of leukemia. But secrecy about cancer is still common. In Japan, serious illness is considered embarrassing. People worry about causing suffering and expense fo

34、r their families, or discomforting their colleagues. Itsumi, in fact, began his news conference by apologizing. Other factors contribute to the taboo on talk about cancer. There is a cultural tendency toward restraint on discussing personal matters and stoicism in facing problems. Even if patients s

35、ense something is very wrong despite a good diagnosis, most do not press their doctors or seek a second opinion. Doctors are granted deep respect in a society that discourages questioning authority. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage implies that_.（分数：-0.20）A.in the United States, people openly talk about ca

36、ncerB.in the Unites States, cancer is a forbidden topicC.cancer is not as wide spread in the U. S. as in JapanD.cancer is the No. 1 killer in the U. S.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：-0.20）A.secrecy about cancer will continue to be commonB.the patient with cancer and his or her fam

37、ily will be grateful to the doctor who does not tell the truthC.the true condition of the patient with cancer tends to be revealedD.doctors are so respected that what they say will increasingly be believed(3).Masataka Itsumi began his news conference by apologizing, because_.（分数：-0.20）A.it is his ow

38、n fault that he has cancerB.his announcement might cause discomfort to his audienceC.having cancer is wrongD.its his familys fault that he has cancer(4).When doctors lie to patients about a cancer diagnosis, they believe that_.（分数：-0.20）A.patients have a right to know the truthB.patients can take ca

39、re of themselvesC.they are stronger than the patientsD.they need to protect the patients from the unkind truth(5).Which of the following is NOT true of the Japanese?（分数：-0.20）A.They are free to discuss personal matters.B.They seldom question authority.C.They prefer to be told if they have cancer.D.T

40、hey consider serious illness embarrassing.AIDS AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. The human immunodeficiency virus (人类免疫缺损病毒)called HIV is believed to cause AIDS. There is no cure. People who get the disease will die. AIDS itself does not kill. However, it attacks and destroys the bodys de

41、fense system that fights against infection. When this happens, a person has little ability to fight off many other diseases including pneumonia(肺炎), cancer and tuberculosis (结核病). A new study says the number of women in the United States with AIDS has increased sharply. The study says AIDS is increa

42、sing faster among women than among men. Eighteen percent of AIDS patients are women. This is almost 3 times the rate 10 years ago. Most women get the AIDS virus from having sexual relations with men. Pregnant women with the disease can pass it to their babies. The effect of AIDS in America is greate

43、st in large cities. AIDS is the leading cause of death among all people in 79 cities. It is the leading cause of death among women in 15 cities. These include New York City and Miami, Florida. Doctors in the United States first noted AIDS 14 years ago in homosexual (同性恋的)men in New York and Californ

44、ia. In the United States AIDS spread first among homosexual men. Then it appeared in people who shared needles to put illegal drugs into their blood. It also appeared in people who had received infected blood products at hospitals. The AIDS virus is spread through the exchange of infected blood or b

45、ody fluids released during sexual activity. It is also spread by having sexual relations with someone who has the virus. And it is spread by sharing drug needles that have infected blood on them. AIDS has affected several famous American athletes. Two years ago, former tennis player Arthur Ashe died

46、 of the disease. At about the same time, former basketball player Magic Johnson announced that he has the AIDS virus. The most recent athlete to be affected is Gregory Louganis. Louganis won a number of gold medals in Olympic diving competition. He announced on television that he has AIDS. President

47、 Clinton met with Louganis and praised him for discussing his sickness. Mr. Clinton said it is important to educate the public. Activists have succeeded in educating Americans about AIDS and the people who have it. They also have been urging the federal government to increase efforts to find a cure

48、for AIDS. Scientists first identified the virus that is believed to cause AIDS in 1983. Many of them then thought they could produce an anti-AIDS vaccine(痘苗). Such a medicine could be given to people to protect against the disease. However, scientists at American government agencies, universities an

49、d drug companies have failed to produce an anti-AIDS vaccine. But they are continuing effort to find better treatments for a cure. （分数：-1.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：-0.20）A.AIDS is the leading cause of death among young adults in American.B.Most of the new AIDS cases reported in 1993 were among minority population.C.There are more women than men among the AIDS patients in the United States.D.AIDS has a big effect on large cities.(2).What is not likely to happen?（分数：-0.20）A.A man wit