剑桥商务英语中级-66及答案解析.doc

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1、剑桥商务英语中级-66 及答案解析(总分：85.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BREADING/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES There are forty-five questions on this question paper. You must write all your answers on the Answer Sheet.PART ONE Look at the statements below and the information about flights on the opposite page. Which f

2、light (A, B, C or D) does each statement 1-7 refer to? For each statement 1-7, mark one letter ( A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters mom than once.AQuatasQuatas now has more flights around Australia timed to suit your business. Thanks to the flexibility of

3、Australias largest fleet of aircraft, we have introduced more early morning flights to get you to your destination. And more evening flights to take you home again. So whenever you need to do business within Australia, or across the world, choose the airline that now has more business flights than e

4、ver before.BUnited AirlinesUnited Airlines is the only one airline that flies direct from Sydney Harbour to the Golden Gate. We fly direct to San Francisco every Wednesday, Friday and Saturday. This is in addition to our daily Los Angeles services. With United, San Francisco is now the golden gate t

5、o over 200 cities throughout America. So come fly the airline thats uniting the world. Come fly the friendly skies.CFlying SwissairRun a critical eye over the Swissair timetable for Europe, and youll find its a masterpiece of structure and content. Drawing on a palette of some 50 cities, it also pre

6、sents the unique choice of three different perspectives: reasonably priced Economy Class, comfortable Business Class and luxurious First Class. All of them inspire more and more discerning travelers to discover the pleasures of flying Swissair.DCanadian flightsOur direct flights from Beijing will ha

7、ve you in North America in just 10 hours via the Vancouver Gateway. Then its your choice: transit directly to the major cities of America and Canada in time to conduct the same days business, or stop over and enjoy a beautiful autumn day in Vancouver (including 3-stax hotel accommodation, three meal

8、s, half day guided tour and airport transfer). Either way, Canadian brings you closer to where you want to be.（分数：7.00）(1).You will have to transfer to the United States if you fly this airline.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).This company also has flights to another city on set time.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).By this

9、flight, you may stay and enjoy yourself or continue your travel.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).You can go to every part of America from this city.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The schedule makes it possible for you to do business within a day.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Flights are well scheduled and cover many European cities.

10、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).This airline provides different kinds of cabins.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPART TWO/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00) Read the article below about knowledge management. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.

11、 Do not use any letter more than once.BKnowledge as a Strategic Resource/BWhile having unique access to valuable resources is one way to create competitive advantage, in some cases either this may not be possible or competitor?, may imitate or develop substitutes for those resources. Companies havin

12、g superior knowledge, however, are able to coordinate and combine their traditional resources and capabilities in new and distinctive ways, providing more value for their customers than can their competitors. That is, by having superior intellectual resources, an organization can understand how to e

13、xploit and develop their traditional resources better than competitors, even if some or all of those traditional resources are not unique. Therefore, knowledge can be considered the most important strategic resource, and the ability to acquire, integrate, store, .share and apply it is the most impor

14、tant capability for building and sustaining competitive advantage. U(8) /UWhat is it about knowledge that makes the advantage sustainable? U(9) /U Unlike many traditional resources, it is not easily purchased in the marketplace in a ready-to-use form. To acquire similar knowledge, competitors have t

15、o engage in similar experience. However, acquiring knowledge through experience takes time, and cempetitors are limited in how much they can accelerate their learning merely through greater investment.U (10) /U Learning opportunities for an organization that already has a. knowledge advantage may be

16、 more valuable than for competitors having similar learning opportunities but starting off knowing less. For example, Big6 invested heavily in capturing and sharing knowledge about key engagements across the firm so that it could sustain its areas of advantage by always building on its latest knowle

17、dge, rather than “reinventing the wheel“ while giving its competitors a chance to catch up.Sustainability may also come from an organization already knowing something that uniquely complements newly acquired knowledge, which provides an opportunity for knowledge synergy not available to its competit

18、ors. U(11) /U Organizations should therefore seek areas of learning and experimentation that can potentially add value to their existing knowledge via synergistic combination.Sustainability of a knowledge advantage, then, comes from knowing more about some things than competitor combined with the ti

19、me constraints faced by competitors in acquiring similar knowledge, regardless of how much they invest to catch up. U(12) /U The mere it is used, the more valuable it becomes, creating a self-reinforcing cycle. If an organization can identify areas where its knowledge leads the competition, and if t

20、hat unique knowledge can be applied profitably in the marketplace, it can represent a powerful and sustainable competitive advantage.A New knowledge is integrated with existing knowledge to develop unique insights and create even more valuable knowledge.B The broadest value proposition, then, for en

21、gaging in knowledge management is that it can enhance the organizations fundamental ability to compete.C Unlike traditional physical goods that are consumed as they are used (providing decreasing returns over time), knowledge provides increasing returns as it is used.D Knowledge-based competitive ad

22、vantage is also sustainable because the more a firm already knows, the more it can learn.E Companies having superior knowledge, however, are able to coordinate and combine their traditional resources and capabilities in new and distinctive ways, providing more value for their customers than can thei

23、r competitors.F As a competitive advantage, knowledge may generate more value for the company if it is appropriately used.G Knowledge - especially context-specific, tacit knowledge embedded in complex organizational routines and developed from experience-tends to be unique, and difficult to imitate.

24、（分数：5.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPART THREE/B(总题数：1，分数：6.00) Read the article below about how to read annual report and the questions on the opposite page. For each question 13-18, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.B How to read

25、annual reports/BFirst, turn back to the report of the certified public accountant. This third-party auditor will tell you fight off the bat if Galaxys report conforms with “generally accepted accounting principles“. Then go to the footnotes. Check to see whether earnings are up or down. The footnote

26、s often tell the whole story.Then turn to the letter from the chairman, Usually addressed “to our shareholders,“ its up front - and should be in more ways than one. The chairmans tone reflects the personality, the well- being of the company. In this letter, the chairman should tell you how the compa

27、ny fared this year. But more important, the letter should tell you why. Keep an eye out for sentences that start with “Except for.“ and “Despite the.“ Theyre clues to problems. On the positive side, a chairmans letter should give you insights into the companys future and its stance on economic or po

28、litical trends that may affect it.Now begin digging into the numbers!One source is the balance sheet. It is a snapshot of how the company stands at a single point in time. On the top are assets - everything the company owns. Things that can quickly be turned into cash are current assets. On the bott

29、om are liabilities - everything the company owes. Current liabilities are the debts due in one year, which are paid out of current assets. The difference between current assets and current liabilities is working capital, a key figure to watch from one annual report to another. If working capital shr

30、inks, it could mean trouble, one possibility: the company may not be able to keep dividends growing rapidly. Owners equity is the difference between total assets and liabilities. It is the presumed dollar value of what the owners or shareholders own. You want it to grow.The second basic source of nu

31、mbers is the income statement. It shows how much money Galaxy made or lost over the year. Most people look at one figure first. Its in the income statement at the bottom: earnings per share. Watch out. It can fool you. Galaxys management could boost earnings by selling off a plant. Or by cutting the

32、 budget for research and advertising. The number you .should look at first in the income statement is net sales. Ask yourself: are sales going up at a faster rate than the last time around? When sales increases start to slow, the company may be in trouble. Have sales gone down because the company is

33、 selling off a losing business? If so, profits may be soaring.Another important thing to study is the companys debt. Turn to the balance, and divide long-term liabilities by owners equity. Thats the debt-to- equity ratio. A high ratio means the company borrows a lot of money to spark its growth. Tha

34、ts okay - if sales grow too, and d theres enough cash on hand to meet the payments. A company doing well on borrowed money can earn big profits for its shareholders. But if sales fall, watch out. The whole enterprise may slowly sink. Some companies can handle high ratios; others cant.Finally, you ha

35、ve to compare. Is the companys debt-to-equity ratio better or worse than it used to be? Better or worse than the industry norms? In company-watching, comparisons are all. They tell you if management is staying on top of things.（分数：6.00）(1).According to the writer, the most important element of the c

36、hairmans letter is（分数：1.00）A.the expressions used.B.the explanations given by the chairman.C.the performance of the company during the year.D.the companys future described by the chairman.(2).According to the article, the drop of working capital shows that（分数：1.00）A.both current assets and current l

37、iabilities fall.B.current assets decline while current liabilities rise.C.both current assets and current liabilities remain the same as the previous year.D.current assets increase but current liabilities decrease.(3).What do shareholders expect to increase?（分数：1.00）A.Total assets.B.Working capital.

38、C.Total liabilities.D.Owners equity.(4).According to the article, the main reason to look at net sales first is that（分数：1.00）A.they tell how much profit the company has earned.B.they have nothing to do with advertising.C.they are not affected by selling off a plant.D.they are not so easily manipulat

39、ed by the management as earnings per share.(5).According to the writer, a great deal of borrowing（分数：1.00）A.boosts sales.B.promotes growth.C.generates profits.D.entails risk.(6).What makes it clear that the company is well-managed?（分数：1.00）A.The chairmans letter.B.Auditors report.C.Comparison made b

40、y the reader.D.Footnotes.四、BPART FOUR/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00) Read the report below about German economy. Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page. For each question 19-33, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.Dear Sally,I write this report to give a brie

41、f account of German economy. Please read through it and make any comment as you like. Thanks!BobB UWHATS PUTTING A DAMPER ON GROWTH/U/BRecovery in Germany will remain halting through the year. The economy barely grew in the first quarter after two quarters of U(19) /U, and while export-oriented busi

42、nesses are making headway, domestic demand remains U(20) /U The economy will struggle to grow 1% this year.Both consumer spending and business investment U(21) /U in the first quarter, and neither is gaining U(22) /U in the second. Retail sales in May fell for the second month in a row, as May unemp

43、loyment posted the largest rise in five years. The jump resulted in U(23) /U from new legislation, strike activity and holidays but it also U(24) /U a large number of job losers and poorer U(25) /U of finding a job. Economic growth wont be strong enough to improve the labor market significantly unti

44、l next year.Business U(26) /U is improving slowly. The closely watched U(27) /U from the IFO institute dropped in June, and attitudes are mixed. Big exporters seem more U(28) /U, but builders and retailers are more U(29) /U On June 24, Germanys retail trade association U(30) /U its sales forecast fo

45、r this year.On the plus side, weak domestic demand and falling oil prices are U(31) /U inflation and delaying the urgency for the European Central Bank to raise interest rates. The euros 12% rise vs. the dollar since February is an additional inflation dampener.Eventually, rising exports will U(32)

46、/U capital spending, and consumers will benefit from rising pay - helped by recent wage U(33) /U - along with low inflation and interest rates and planned tax cuts. But that is next years story.（分数：15.00）A.contractionB.depressionC.deductionD.deflationA.idleB.rareC.passiveD.stymiedA.degeneratedB.decl

47、inedC.deterioratedD.degradedA.domainB.groundC.baseD.foundationA.factB.shareC.partD.portionA.illustratedB.perplexedC.reflectedD.producedA.foresightB.promisesC.prospectsD.anticipationA.atmosphereB.outlookC.environmentD.sentimentA.scaleB.indexC.figureD.situationA.confidentB.ambitiousC.conceitedD.enterp

48、risingA.pessimisticB.hopefulC.desperateD.optimisticA.modifiedB.slashedC.smashedD.withdrewA.controllingB.ceasingC.weakeningD.moderatingA.quickenB.hinderC.boostD.slowerA.dealsB.voucherC.bonusD.rewards五、BPART FIVE/B(总题数：1，分数：12.00) Read the article below about Accenture. In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. S