大学英语四级分类模拟题322及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 322 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)The study was written and researched by Britain“s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International. It was 1 by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission. “While many good and use

2、ful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately 2 about the environmental impact of products they buy,“ said Consumers International director Anna Fielder. The 10-country study 3 product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the Un

3、ited States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on 4 . The report focused on claims made by 5 products, such as detergent, insect sprays and by some garden products. It did not test the claims, but 6 them to labeling guidelines set by the

4、 International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999. “Many products had specially designed labels to make them seem 7 friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing.“ said report researcher Philip Page. “Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household clean

5、ers were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the 8 .“ he said. The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product 9 , because terms such as “environmenta

6、lly friendly“ and “non-polluting“ cannot be verified. “What we are now 10 for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.“ said Page. A. support B. funded C. balance D. informed E. compared F. misleading G. environmentally H. describes I. specific J. average K. surveyed

7、L. packaging M. assure N. pushing O. famous（分数：20.00）Many of today“s college students are suffering from a form of shock. Lisa is a good example of a student in shock. She is an attractive, intelligent twenty-year-old college 11 at a state university. Now, only three years later, Lisa is miserable.

8、She has 12 her major four times and is forced to hold down two part-time jobs in order to pay her tuition. She suffers from sleeping and eating disorders and has no 13 friend. Sometimes she bursts out crying for no 14 reason. What is happening to Lisa happens to millions of college students each yea

9、r. As a result, roughly one-quarter of the student population at any time will suffer from 15 of depression. Half of them will experience depression intense enough to call for 16 help. But many of them 17 the idea because they don“t want people to think there“s something wrong with them. There are t

10、wo reasons today“s college students are suffering more than those in earlier generations. First is a weakening family support structure. Today, with high 18 rate, the traditional family is not always available for support. Another problem is 19 pressure. In the last decade tuition cost rose about si

11、xty-six percent at public colleges and ninety percent at private schools. 20 , most students must work at least part-time. It can be depressing to students to be faced with the added tuition costs. A. consistently B. automatic C. recalled D. junior E. symptom F. professional G. financial H. delightf

12、ul I. decline J. determine K. divorce L. intimate M. switched N. apparent O. consequently（分数：20.00）What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment

13、 in which you were 21 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 22 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 23 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any r

14、esearch that suggests that 24 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 25 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics su

15、ch as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 26 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 27 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture (养育), by genetic makeup

16、and the environment. Increasingly, science 28 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 29 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 30 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is

17、 there from the beginning. A. abilities B. achieve C. appeal D. complaints E. contributions F. displayed G. essentially H. eventually I. extent J. indicates K. proceeds L. psychological M. raised N. smart O. standard（分数：20.00）A bookless life is a/an 31 life. Books influence the depth and 32 of life.

18、 They meet the natural desire for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the 33 of their need. Readers turn naturally to books because their 34 concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the

19、 experiences of others and their need to 35 from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a/a

20、n 36 of human experiences and come to respect other ways of thought and living. And while 37 their own relationships and responses to life, the readers often find that the characters in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own. Boo

21、ks provide 38 material for readers“ imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books 39 their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure properly. The social and 40 signific

22、ance of the readers“ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library. A. curiosity B. breadth C. educational D. incomplete E. mobile F. particular G. satisfaction H. widen I. escape J. academic K. approach L. establishing M. diversity N. abundant O. benefits（分数：20.00）Years ago, doctors often sa

23、id that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients 41 of pain, they were told it was a natural part of 42 and they would have to learn to live with it. Times have changed. Today, we take pain 43 . Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pres

24、sure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 44 a person“s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt a person“s life, causing problems that 45 from missed work to depression. That“s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 46 in pain medicine. Not only do we e

25、valuate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often 47 the work of social workers, psychiatrists (精神病医生) and psycholog

26、ists, as well as specialists in pain medicine. This modern respect for pain management has 48 to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a 49 number of drugs available, and many of them caused significant s

27、ide effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped 50 the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself. A. led B. determining C. advantage D. aging E. involves F. complained G. range H. important I. serio

28、usly J. specialize K. solution L. industry M. limited N. coverage O. relieve（分数：20.00）大学英语四级分类模拟题 322 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)The study was written and researched by Britain“s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International. It was 1 by t

29、he German and Dutch governments and the European Commission. “While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately 2 about the environmental impact of products they buy,“ said Consumers International director Anna Fielder. The 10

30、-country study 3 product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on 4 . The report focused on claims made by 5 products, such as detergent, insect sprays and by some gard

31、en products. It did not test the claims, but 6 them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999. “Many products had specially designed labels to make them seem 7 friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing.“ said report researcher Phil

32、ip Page. “Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the 8 .“ he said. The ISO labeling standa

33、rds ban vague or misleading claims on product 9 , because terms such as “environmentally friendly“ and “non-polluting“ cannot be verified. “What we are now 10 for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.“ said Page. A. support B. funded C. balance D. informed E. compa

34、red F. misleading G. environmentally H. describes I. specific J. average K. surveyed L. packaging M. assure N. pushing O. famous（分数：20.00）解析：B解析 根据前面的 be 动词和空后的 by 可以推断这里是被动语态，需要一个动词的过去分词，而这段讲的是此项研究的背景，选项中 funded 和 surveyed 意思都成立，但是在文章开头表示背景，填funded 更符合题意。解析：D解析 根据空前的副词 adequately 和动词 are 可推断，这里应填入被

35、动语态或形容词，根据上下文推测这里是说让顾客知晓他们买的商品对环境的影响，inform about 意为“让人知道”。解析：K解析 这里缺少一个谓语动词，时态为过去时，可选的有 designed 和 surveyed，可以和 study搭配的只有 surveyed。解析：J解析 此空填名词，从上下文判断此处是指平均最多。on average 是固定搭配，故选 J。解析：I解析 根据空前介词 by 和空后名词 products 可知，这里需要一个形容词修饰 products，可以和产品搭配表示产品种类或特点的只有 specific，意为“一些特殊的产品”。解析：E解析 根据空前 but 可知，这

36、里需要一个动词，从前后文可知这里的意思是将产品拿来与标准进行对比和鉴定，故选 compared。解析：G解析 观察全文，文中已出现 environmentally friendly 进行提示，故选 G。解析：F解析 根据前面的冠词判断这里需要名词，由文意推测这里的意思是“顾客从中找出真相有多么困难”，只有 misleading 符合题意，sort the true from the misleading 意为“从误导中找出真相”。解析：L解析 本文讲述的是产品包装上的声明，故选 packaging。解析：N解析 根据前面的 be 动词 are 可以推断这里是现在进行时，故填动词的现在分词，剩下

37、的只有pushing，意为“推动”。Many of today“s college students are suffering from a form of shock. Lisa is a good example of a student in shock. She is an attractive, intelligent twenty-year-old college 11 at a state university. Now, only three years later, Lisa is miserable. She has 12 her major four times and

38、 is forced to hold down two part-time jobs in order to pay her tuition. She suffers from sleeping and eating disorders and has no 13 friend. Sometimes she bursts out crying for no 14 reason. What is happening to Lisa happens to millions of college students each year. As a result, roughly one-quarter

39、 of the student population at any time will suffer from 15 of depression. Half of them will experience depression intense enough to call for 16 help. But many of them 17 the idea because they don“t want people to think there“s something wrong with them. There are two reasons today“s college students

40、 are suffering more than those in earlier generations. First is a weakening family support structure. Today, with high 18 rate, the traditional family is not always available for support. Another problem is 19 pressure. In the last decade tuition cost rose about sixty-six percent at public colleges

41、and ninety percent at private schools. 20 , most students must work at least part-time. It can be depressing to students to be faced with the added tuition costs. A. consistently B. automatic C. recalled D. junior E. symptom F. professional G. financial H. delightful I. decline J. determine K. divor

42、ce L. intimate M. switched N. apparent O. consequently（分数：20.00）解析：D解析 这里需要一个名词作表语，这个名词的主语是 she，可以选的只有 junior，意为“三年级学生”。解析：M解析 根据前面的 has 和空后的 four times 可以判断这里是现在完成时，故这里需要一个动词过去分词，符合题意的只有 switched，意为“换专业”。解析：L解析 这里需要一个形容词修饰 friend，可以搭配朋友的形容词只有 intimate，意为“亲密的朋友”。解析：N解析 这里需要形容词修饰 reason，可以猜测这里的意思是，有时

43、她莫名其妙就会哭出来，符合题意的只有 apparent。解析：E解析 根据后面的 of 推测这里需要一个名词，被“低落”修饰，选项中的 symptom 最符合题意，意为“情绪低落的症状”。解析：F解析 这里需要一个形容词修饰 help，要和“帮助”搭配，且是为情绪低落寻求的帮助，只能是心理方面的专业帮助，故选 professional。解析：I解析 这里需要一个谓语动词，而根据后面的描述，他们不想让别人认为他们不对劲，故推测他们是不同意这个意见，故选 decline 符合题意。解析：K解析 这里需要一个形容词修饰 rate，而根据前后所说的家庭支持的不够，推测这里说的是家庭结构有问题，故选 d

44、ivorce，意为“离婚率”。解析：G解析 这里需要形容词修饰 pressure。这句话是后面内容的概括，后面说学费上涨，可以推测这里说的是经济压力。解析：O解析 此句不缺成分，猜测这里需要副词，而这里需要的是承接，前面的原因造成学生必须要打工，故选 consequently 符合题意。What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the

45、interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 21 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 22 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 23 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biolo

46、gy influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 24 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 25 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept t

47、hat genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 26 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 27 to which all of these characteristics are influenced b

48、y nature and nurture (养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 28 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 29 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 30 appears can vary based on the devel

49、opment process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. A. abilities B. achieve C. appeal D. complaints E. contributions F. displayed G. essentially H. eventually I. extent J. indicates K. proceeds L. psychological M. raised N. smart O. standard（分数：20.00）解析：M解析 这个词所处的位置是定语从句，又根据前面的 you were 可知这里是一个动词过去分词作被动式。可以推测作者这里指的是人们所生长的环境，故选 raised。解析：L解析 根据前面的动词和后面的名词可以推断这里需要填形容词，表示类型的活动，根据后面一直在讲基因对人心理的影响，可以推断这里填 psychological。解析：E解析 从前面的形容词可以推断这里缺少名词，从文章主题基因判断这里一定是说影响大，且make contribution to 是固定搭配。故选 E。解析：A解析 ability to do sth. 意为“做某事的能