【考研类试卷】同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-86及答案解析.doc

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1、同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-86 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)三、Text One(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. marked B. expected C. over Phrases: A. 1 to grow to 30 million by the end of the decade B. 2 11 percent growth over that period C. a rise of 2.7 percent 3 2001, the year of the September 11 attacks There has been modest growth

2、 in tourism worldwide, despite 2 years of terrorism, war and disease. And China is the engine driving it, according to the World Tourism Organization. International tourist numbers hit a record of 702 million last year, 4 . France remains the most popular destination, receiving more than 77 million

3、visitors, followed by Spain, the United States, and Italy. China, however, 5 , attracting 36.8 million international visitors. It ranks fifth among leading tourism nations. By 2020, it will be top, with predictions of 130 million visitors per year. Chinese themselves are also becoming a major force

4、as travelers. According to a Xinhua report, over 16.6 million Chinese traveled abroad last year, up 37 percent from the previous year. Their numbers are 6 , and 100 million in 2020.（分数：15.00）A. for some time B. of her career C. taking over Phrases: A. have been 7 more responsibility in the business

5、world B. had she found the highest paying job 8 C. haven“t been fulfilling their traditional roles 9 Somehow the old male and female stereotypes no longer fit. Men and women in this country 10 now. And there seem to be fewer and fewer differences between the sexes. For instance, even though more wom

6、en than men are still homemakers without paying jobs, women 11 , earning higher salaries than ever before and entering fields of work that used to be exclusively male areas. At office meetings and in group discussions, they might speak up more often, express strong opinions and come up with more cre

7、ative and practical ideas than their male colleagues. Several days ago, my 23-year-old daughter came to me with some important news. Not only 12 , but she“d also accepted a date with the most charming men she“d ever met.（分数：15.00）四、Text Two(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. highly profitable B. turned in C. for the

8、 right jobs Phrases: A. has also become a 1 business B. candidates were the right people 2 C. look at the pieces of paper 3 Job seekers in Britain say employers are paying less attention to applicants“ degrees and certificates. They are making their own entrance exams to test ability. They are conce

9、rned about decreasing standards of job seekers, because many university graduates with good degrees have shown a terrible inability to spell, and work out simple sums. The chairman of the Standing Conference of Employers of Graduates, told our correspondent: “We don“t 4 to us, but we look at the peo

10、ple with real abilities.“ A senior executive with the Bank of England said that many companies were making their own intelligence tests so they could be sure that 5 . In the Civil Service, only about 200 out of 2,000 candidates are chosen after the rest have been knocked out by the Service“s own exa

11、minations and interviews. Forged certificates, printed in Germany, have been discovered recently. These forged certificates are not easy to distinguish from the real ones, and can be bought at 25 a piece. Making fake degrees 6 . Fake degrees and diplomas, including Ph.D. degrees, can be obtained for

12、 as little as 20 upwards. Some so-called “universities“ and “colleges“ are even selling these attractive diplomas.（分数：15.00）A. shrank B. but C. cut back Phrases: A. Today it exceeds any country 7 Japan B. they want to 8 on working hours even if it means earning less money C. Specifically, paid time

13、off, holidays, vacations, sick leave 9 by 50% Americans suffer from an overdose of work. Regardless of who they are or what they do, Americans spend more time at work than at any time since World War . In 1950, the US had fewer working hours than any other industrialized country. 10 . Between 1969 a

14、nd 1989 employed Americans added an average of 138 hours to their yearly work schedules. The work week has remained at about 40 hours, but people are working more weeks each year. 11 in the 1980“s. As co-operations have experienced stiff competition and slower growth productivity, they have pressed

15、employees to work longer. Cost cutting lay-offs in the 1980“s reduced the professional and managerial ranks leaving fewer people to get the job done. In lower paid occupations, when wages have been reduced, workers have added hours in overtime or extra jobs to preserve their living standards. The go

16、vernment estimates that more than 7 million people hold a second job. For the first time, large numbers of people say 12 . But most employers are unwilling to let them to do so. The government, which has stepped back from its traditional role as a regulator of work time should take steps to make sho

17、rter hours possible.（分数：15.00）五、Text Three(总题数：2，分数：40.00)A. lead to B. compensation C. that D. left Phrases: A. by the year 2000 there would be none 1 B. 2 an African farmer or factory worker earns in a year C. would 3 even more illegal hunting D. the farmer must be paid 4 In 1990, over 100 countri

18、es signed an international agreement to make it illegal to buy or sell ivory, which is mainly used for jewelry. Most ivory is made from the tusks of African elephants. These tusks are very valuableone pair is worth more than three times 5 . Hunting elephants was so profitable that from 1979 to 1989

19、the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to 600,000. It was feared that 6 . However, since 1990 there has been much less illegal hunting, thanks to the international agreement. But it costs a lot of money to preserve elephants. Game wardens must be hired to protect them, land must be

20、set aside for them, and when they destroy a farmer“s crops, 7 . Zimbabwe and four other African counties say that some of the elephants should be killed legally. This would help keep the population stable, and selling the ivory would help pay for preserving the elephants. But conservationists say th

21、at making ivory legal to sell 8 . Others say that it is wrong to kill elephants because they are sensitive animals who feel emotional pain at the death of other elephants.（分数：20.00）A. widespread B. melt C. potential D. at their full capacity Phrases: A. Whenever rivers are already 9 B. recognize the

22、 10 for flooding in certain conditions C. If there is a fast snow 11 on top of frozen or very wet ground D. resulting in 12 damage and even death Floods are second only to fire as the most common of all natural disasters. They occur almost everywhere in the world, 13 . Consequently, scientists have

23、long tried to perfect their ability to predict floods. So far, the best that scientists can do is to 14 . There are a number of conditions, from deep snow on the ground to human error, that cause flooding. When deep snow melts it creates a large amount of water. Although deep snow alone rarely cause

24、s floods, when it occurs together with heavy rain and sudden warmer weather it can lead to serious flooding. 15 , flooding is more likely to occur than when the ground is not frozen. Frozen ground or ground that is very wet and already saturated with water cannot absorb the additional water created

25、by the melting snow. Melting snow also contributes to high water levels in rivers and streams. 16 of water, heavy rains will result in the rivers overflowing and flooding the surrounding land.（分数：20.00）同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-86 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)三、Text One(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. marked B. expected C. ove

26、r Phrases: A. 1 to grow to 30 million by the end of the decade B. 2 11 percent growth over that period C. a rise of 2.7 percent 3 2001, the year of the September 11 attacks There has been modest growth in tourism worldwide, despite 2 years of terrorism, war and disease. And China is the engine drivi

27、ng it, according to the World Tourism Organization. International tourist numbers hit a record of 702 million last year, 4 . France remains the most popular destination, receiving more than 77 million visitors, followed by Spain, the United States, and Italy. China, however, 5 , attracting 36.8 mill

28、ion international visitors. It ranks fifth among leading tourism nations. By 2020, it will be top, with predictions of 130 million visitors per year. Chinese themselves are also becoming a major force as travelers. According to a Xinhua report, over 16.6 million Chinese traveled abroad last year, up

29、 37 percent from the previous year. Their numbers are 6 , and 100 million in 2020.（分数：15.00）解析：B 题目语段空白处接的是不定式 to grow，首先排除 C 项。其余两个动词中，常用来接不定式的是expect (to do) sth.，所以 B 项是本题答案。mark 一般是直接接名词作宾语。解析：A 题目语段的意思是：“那个时期增长了 11%”。从结构上看，A、C 两项似乎都可以，因为空白后面是名词短语，既可以作动词(marked)宾语，也可以作介词(over)宾语。从意思上看，A 项 marked

30、 11 percent growth over that period 意为“表明那个时期增长了 11%”；C 项 over 有“超过”的意思，相当于 more than，似乎也说得通。但仔细阅读整个语段不难发现，如果选 over，应该去掉 growth 才符合表达习惯：over 11 percent“超过 11%”。通过对比分析，确定 A 项是正确答案。解析：C 确定了 A、B 两项的答案后，C 项自然是本题的正确选项了。但我们还是要再确认一下。over 在此处的意思指一段时间“在中”，如语段 B 中的 over that period“在那段时间里”。题目语段意为：“在 2001 年即9.

31、11事件那一年中上升了 2.7%”。解析：C 阅读题句分析题句结构得知，空白处前面是句子的主要部分，与空白处用逗号隔开，说明空白处要填入的成分是状语。浏览选项发现，A、B 两项都是动词短语，不能作状语，而 C 项是名词短语，填入句中可起到补充说明的作用，故 C 为正确选项。解析：B 此题必须首先搞清楚句子结构：China 是主语，however 用两个逗号框开，说明是插入语，空白处后面是分词短语作状语，空缺的是谓语和宾语。选项 A 和 B 都可以作谓语，如果不能确定的话，可以先看下一小题。扫视下一小题空白处前后，发现该句谓语已给，即“are.”，这样就能确定本题的答案是B 项，因为 marke

32、d 一般不用于被动语态。解析：A 在分析上一小题时已经初步确定本题的答案是 A 项，因为 be expected to do sth.是常用结构，填入句中意思是“预期这个数字到本十年末将会增长到 3000 万”，语法、语义都正确，故 A 项是本题答案。A. for some time B. of her career C. taking over Phrases: A. have been 7 more responsibility in the business world B. had she found the highest paying job 8 C. haven“t been f

33、ulfilling their traditional roles 9 Somehow the old male and female stereotypes no longer fit. Men and women in this country 10 now. And there seem to be fewer and fewer differences between the sexes. For instance, even though more women than men are still homemakers without paying jobs, women 11 ,

34、earning higher salaries than ever before and entering fields of work that used to be exclusively male areas. At office meetings and in group discussions, they might speak up more often, express strong opinions and come up with more creative and practical ideas than their male colleagues. Several day

35、s ago, my 23-year-old daughter came to me with some important news. Not only 12 , but she“d also accepted a date with the most charming men she“d ever met.（分数：15.00）解析：C 题目语段已经给出“have been -|_|-”，显然缺的是动词形式，所以 C 项taking over 是本题答案。另外 take over responsibility 也是固定搭配，由此进一步确认了选择 C 项为答案的正确性。解析：B 余下的 A、B

36、两项填入本语段似乎都可以，但 job 与选项 B 中的 career 在词义上具有相关性，所以选 B 项更合适。如果不确定，可以先做下一题，然后再完成此题。解析：A 题目语段用的是现在完成进行时，正好与表示一段时间的状语 for some time 吻合，故 A 项为本题答案。解析：C 如果仅仅从语法结构上看，此题选 A 项或 C 项都可以，但根据上下文语境，只有选 C 项才合乎语义逻辑，因为上文提到“在某种程度上，男人和女人的模式化形象不再适用了”，接下来的一句承接上一句，对其进行解释：“这个国家的男人和女人现在 -|_|-”，前一句用了表否定的 no longer，接下来也应该是表达否定意

37、思才说得通，C 项中的 haven“t been fulfilling 表否定，而男女的固定模式化形象即履行传统性别角色，从而与前一句意思一致，故 C 项是本题正确答案。解析：A 此题可以从时态来判断。A 项说的是现在，而 B 项说的是过去。题句的空白处位于主从复合句的主句部分，从句用的是现在时，主句也应该与之对应，用表示现在的时态。据此，初步圈定答案是 A 项。再从上下文语境看，前一句谈到男女不再履行传统性别角色，模式化形象不再适用，性别差异越来越小，此句是举例说明：“尽管没有工作仍然操持家务的女性比男性多，但是女性在商业社会中正在逐渐承担较多的责任”。下文接着说“她们挣的钱比以前多，并且进

38、入了以前只有男性工作的领域”。根据语篇意思的连贯性，确认本题答案为 A 项。解析：B 此题仅从题句语法结构便可搞定答案。题句用的是 not only.but (also)句型，而且 not 一词置于句首，按语法规则，句子的主谓应该部分倒装，恰好 B 项语段是倒装结构：had she found the highest paying job of her career，可见 B 项是本题答案。四、Text Two(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. highly profitable B. turned in C. for the right jobs Phrases: A. has also

39、become a 1 business B. candidates were the right people 2 C. look at the pieces of paper 3 Job seekers in Britain say employers are paying less attention to applicants“ degrees and certificates. They are making their own entrance exams to test ability. They are concerned about decreasing standards o

40、f job seekers, because many university graduates with good degrees have shown a terrible inability to spell, and work out simple sums. The chairman of the Standing Conference of Employers of Graduates, told our correspondent: “We don“t 4 to us, but we look at the people with real abilities.“ A senio

41、r executive with the Bank of England said that many companies were making their own intelligence tests so they could be sure that 5 . In the Civil Service, only about 200 out of 2,000 candidates are chosen after the rest have been knocked out by the Service“s own examinations and interviews. Forged

42、certificates, printed in Germany, have been discovered recently. These forged certificates are not easy to distinguish from the real ones, and can be bought at 25 a piece. Making fake degrees 6 . Fake degrees and diplomas, including Ph.D. degrees, can be obtained for as little as 20 upwards. Some so

43、-called “universities“ and “colleges“ are even selling these attractive diplomas.（分数：15.00）解析：A 分析空白处的句子成分很容易得知，缺失的成分是用来修饰 business 的定语，A 项 highly profitable 是形容词短语，能够起修饰限定作用，故是本题答案。解析：C 本语段的主要成分已经给出，空白处于句尾，缺失的是状语或后置定语。但从用词和语义的连贯性上看，C 项 for the right job 更符合本题的要求，因为 the right people for the right jo

44、b 在意思上相关联。for the right job 是介词短语，填入句中作状语。所以 C 是本题的正确选项。解析：B 本语段是一个动宾结构，已给的信息和空白的位置以及要填入的成分同上一题类似，不同的是turned in 是过去分词短语，在语段中作后置定语，修饰 paper，the pieces of paper turned in 即“交上来的材料”。本题答案为 B 项。解析：C 观察题句结构得知，空白处需填入谓语，而且是动词原形，因为空白处前面已给出否定词don“t，可见三个选项中 C 项 look at the pieces of paper turned in 符合题句语法要求，是正

45、确答案。解析：B 题句空白处缺失的是句子，因为引导从句的连接词 that 已经给出，很明显，B 选项 candidates were the right people for the right jobs 是句子，符合题句的结构要求，是正确答案。解析：A 题句的语法结构是 Making fake degrees -|_|-，动名词短语作句子的主语，需要填入的是谓语和宾语。动名词短语作主语，谓语应该用单数形式，据此可以断定 A 项 has also become a highly profitable business 是本题答案。A. shrank B. but C. cut back Phr

46、ases: A. Today it exceeds any country 7 Japan B. they want to 8 on working hours even if it means earning less money C. Specifically, paid time off, holidays, vacations, sick leave 9 by 50% Americans suffer from an overdose of work. Regardless of who they are or what they do, Americans spend more ti

47、me at work than at any time since World War . In 1950, the US had fewer working hours than any other industrialized country. 10 . Between 1969 and 1989 employed Americans added an average of 138 hours to their yearly work schedules. The work week has remained at about 40 hours, but people are workin

48、g more weeks each year. 11 in the 1980“s. As co-operations have experienced stiff competition and slower growth productivity, they have pressed employees to work longer. Cost cutting lay-offs in the 1980“s reduced the professional and managerial ranks leaving fewer people to get the job done. In low

49、er paid occupations, when wages have been reduced, workers have added hours in overtime or extra jobs to preserve their living standards. The government estimates that more than 7 million people hold a second job. For the first time, large numbers of people say 12 . But most employers are unwilling to let them to do so. The government, which has stepped back from its traditional role as a regulator of work time should take steps to make shorter hours possible.（分数：15.00）解析：B 此题可以利用排除法答题。观察三个选项得知，A 项和 C 项都是动词形式，而本题语段中的空白处填动词不合适，所以只能选 B 项。bu