【考研类试卷】同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-85及答案解析.doc

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1、同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-85 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)三、Text One(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. improved B. accidentally C. until Phrases: A. to keep printing copies 1 they get it B. being 2 deleted from a computer C. as well as 3 computer graphics Twenty years ago when the personal computer hit the business world, exper

2、ts predicted the advent of the paperless office. But time has proved them wrong. Offices have more paper than ever. People can easily print out a personal copy of a document for anyone who needs to see it. Programs such as spelling and grammar checkers, 4 , have led people to expect perfection in th

3、eir documents, and 5 . The simple truth is that most people simply prefer paper. Scientific studies have shown that paper copies are easier for people to read and to edit than is text on a screen. And many people are still nervous about documents 6 if not through their own fault, through a computer

4、system failure or a power outage. In short, although office paper may be significantly reduced, the paperless office is unlikely to become a reality.（分数：15.00）A. staffed B. control C. grave Phrases: A. facing a 7 situation with several major rivers and lakes clogged by industrial waste B. 8 by offic

5、ials from government departments C. to help 9 environmental deterioration in the country Chinese government is poised to conduct its first national survey of pollution sources in February 10 . The study will identify and collect data on the sources of industrial, agricultural and residential polluti

6、on for two months. Last year, China“s environment was 11 . China“s environmental cleanup is compromised by more than two decades of rapid economic growth and a lack of technology especially. Every province, autonomous region and municipality has set up a census office and will report to a main cente

7、r 12 . Data will be reviewed multiple times before being put into a database and will be analyzed in the second hail of 2008. Findings will be examined and approved by mid-2009.（分数：15.00）四、Text Two(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. by encouraging B. passive C. in control Phrases: A. become 1 and make a bad impressi

8、on B. improve your effectiveness in conversations and help you feel 2 C. what other people have said and 3 people to continue One of the great challenges facing non-native speakers of English is participating smoothly and comfortably in social conversations. There are aspects of conducting conversat

9、ions that even native speakers find daunting. Everyone in a conversation is expected to participate actively by responding to 4 . Non-native speakers may become flustered when confronted by a flood of words, which may cause them to 5 . That“s where conversation management comes in. Conversation mana

10、gement is the process of using a set of strategies and key functional phrases to 6 .（分数：15.00）A. have been rescued B. inside their quarters C. where Phrases: A. put them up on a small tree 7 B. 8 after sheltering nearly three months C. at the abandoned base 9 there were only flour and cooking fat El

11、even fishing boat crew who had been stranded since October in a remote part of Russia“s Far East 10 at an abandoned military base. The eight men and three women took refuge at the base after their small boat collided on October 10th. Their attempts to fix one of the boats did not succeed, and they h

12、ad to remain 11 . Other supplies at the base, which was abandoned in 2003 including Christmas ornaments, and the crew members 12 , but supplies began running low and early this week, five set off on foot across snow fields. On Friday, after four days of trudging, they reached a working military radi

13、o station, the center called rescuers and helicopters were sent to take the eleven to the regional capital.（分数：15.00）五、Text Three(总题数：2，分数：40.00)A. Starbucks in hand B. questioning your ability C. tied to your individual profession D. out of date Phrases: A. you find yourself 1 to consistently follo

14、w it B. you cannot inspire others by walking off the elevator, 2 , at 8:40. C. Whether your organization has a code of conduct, a dress code, or a series of ethical standards 3 D. requiring women to wear stockings or men to wear a jacket and tie during work hours is 4 Every organization has standard

15、s-those requirements that all employees are supposed to follow. 5 , as a leader it is your obligation to uphold each and every organizational standard. Leaders do not get to pick and choose the standards they abide by. Even if you believe that the dress code 6 , until the standard is changed it is y

16、our duty to follow it and hold others accountable. If the work day starts at 8:30 am, 7 . Leadership is about consistency. Leaders enforce all standards whether they personally like them or not. And if there is a standard that is so outrageous that 8 then it is your obligation to take action for cha

17、ngenot simply complain about or worse yet, ignore it. Be fanatical about meeting standards and your ability to influence outcomes and inspire others will skyrocket.（分数：20.00）A. taking medicines B. cold viruses C. the heat of your body D. various symptoms Phrases: A. take medicines to relieve 9 of co

18、lds B. 10 when you have a cold C. hundreds of kinds of 11 out there. D. 12 is killing the virus Many people catch a cold in the spring time or fall. It makes us wonder if scientists can send a man to the moon why can“t they find a cure for the common cold? The answer is easy. There“re actually 13 .

19、You never know which one you will get, so there isn“t a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and causes a blockade in it. You feel terrible because you can“t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus. Your

20、temperature rises and you get a fever, but 14 . You also have a running nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells. You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States

21、and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot bath and drink warm liquids. Other people 15 . There is one interesting thing to note. Some scientists say 16 is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer, because your body doesn“t de

22、velop a way to fight it and kill it.（分数：20.00）同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-85 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)三、Text One(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. improved B. accidentally C. until Phrases: A. to keep printing copies 1 they get it B. being 2 deleted from a computer C. as well as 3 computer graphics Twenty years ago when the pe

23、rsonal computer hit the business world, experts predicted the advent of the paperless office. But time has proved them wrong. Offices have more paper than ever. People can easily print out a personal copy of a document for anyone who needs to see it. Programs such as spelling and grammar checkers, 4

24、 , have led people to expect perfection in their documents, and 5 . The simple truth is that most people simply prefer paper. Scientific studies have shown that paper copies are easier for people to read and to edit than is text on a screen. And many people are still nervous about documents 6 if not

25、 through their own fault, through a computer system failure or a power outage. In short, although office paper may be significantly reduced, the paperless office is unlikely to become a reality.（分数：15.00）解析：C 观察空白前后的结构发现，空白后面是一句子，据此确定空白需填入连词，故 C 项 until 为正确选项。解析：B 观察空白前后可以看出，如果不填入任何词，题目语段的基本结构也是正确的，

26、即 being deleted from a computer，显然空白处需要一修饰语，故副词 B 项 accidentally 为答案。解析：A 观察空白后面得知，computer graphics 是一名词短语，进而确定前面需填入一个起形容词作用的修饰语，选项中 improved 为过去分词，可以作定语，故 A 项是答案。解析：C 从结构上看，该空白前后由逗号隔开，说明需要填入一插入语，三个备选语段中只有 C 项 as well as improved computer graphics 这一结构可以作插入语；再从意思上看，.such as 引导举例内容，具体说明计算机的 programs

27、，诸如 spelling and grammar checkers“检查拼写和语法的软件”，as well as computer graphics“以及计算机图形图像(软件)”，前后都是谈的软件，上下文意思是连贯一致的，从而进一步确认了 C 项填入空白处是合适的。解析：A 空白所在句子的结构框架是：Programs.have led people to expect perfection in their documents, and -|_|-。这里关键是要注意到并列连词 and，因为它提示我们，空白处需要填入的内容必须与前面的不定式短语 to expect perfection.并列，这

28、样才符合并列结构平行对称的原则。根据这一点，选项 A“to keep printing copies until they get it”符合题句语法结构的要求，是正确答案。解析：B 题句的意思是：“很多人仍然担心文件 -|_|-不是由于自己的过错，而是由于系统出故障或停电等”。分析题句的结构可以得知，空白处需填入的内容作定语，修饰 documents，选项 B 为分词短语 being accidentally deleted from a computer“意外地从电脑上被删除”，填入此处作后置定语，符合题句要求，为正确答案。A. staffed B. control C. grave Ph

29、rases: A. facing a 7 situation with several major rivers and lakes clogged by industrial waste B. 8 by officials from government departments C. to help 9 environmental deterioration in the country Chinese government is poised to conduct its first national survey of pollution sources in February 10 .

30、 The study will identify and collect data on the sources of industrial, agricultural and residential pollution for two months. Last year, China“s environment was 11 . China“s environmental cleanup is compromised by more than two decades of rapid economic growth and a lack of technology especially. E

31、very province, autonomous region and municipality has set up a census office and will report to a main center 12 . Data will be reviewed multiple times before being put into a database and will be analyzed in the second hail of 2008. Findings will be examined and approved by mid-2009.（分数：15.00）解析：C

32、阅读备选语段发现，空白处紧接的是名词，而且前面是不定冠词 a，a -|_|- situation，显然缺的是定语，备选项中 C 项 grave“严重的”是形容词，而且在意思上填入空白处，表示“严重的局势”，也是通的，故 C 项是本题答案。解析：AB 语段空白处的后面紧接的是介词 by，我们知道，by 在被动结构中用来引导表示施动的主语，那么前面就应该是一个过去分词。扫视备选项，发现其中 A 项 staffed 正好符合语段的结构要求，而且staffed 和 officials 在意思上也相关，故确认 A 项是本题答案。解析：B 从结构上看，该语段去掉空白处成分也符合语法要求，但意思上完全相反，

33、表示“有助于国家的环境恶化”，所以，第一，结构上此处需要填入一个动词；第二，意思上该动词应含有“阻止、防止、遏制”等类似含义。正好选项 B 的 control 符合语法、语义要求，是正确答案。解析：C 分析题句结构得知，空白处要填入的是目的状语，三个语段只有 C 项的不定式结构其语法功能之一是作状语，试填入句中，意思正确。故 C 项是正确答案。题句意思为：“中国政府打算在 2 月份首次进行全国范围的污染源调查，以帮助控制全国的环境恶化”。解析：A 余下的 A、B 两项一个是现在分词短语，一个是过去分词短语，仅从题句的结构上看似乎都可以。本着结构相同看意思的原则，只有 A 项填入此处在意思上说得

34、通：“去年，中国的环境面临着严重的局面，一些主要河流和湖泊塞满了工业废物”；而我们不能说“.environment was staffed.”，所以 A 为正确选项。解析：B 题句是一个并列句结构，句子的主要成分是完备的，空白位于名词短语 main center 之后，填入的成分作 center 的后置定语，B 项是过去分词短语，有作定语之功能，试填入句中，意思是“每个省、直辖市、自治区都建立了普查办公室，并向由各部门人员组成的中心汇报情况”，语法正确，意思通顺，故 B 项是本题答案。四、Text Two(总题数：2，分数：30.00)A. by encouraging B. passive

35、C. in control Phrases: A. become 1 and make a bad impression B. improve your effectiveness in conversations and help you feel 2 C. what other people have said and 3 people to continue One of the great challenges facing non-native speakers of English is participating smoothly and comfortably in socia

36、l conversations. There are aspects of conducting conversations that even native speakers find daunting. Everyone in a conversation is expected to participate actively by responding to 4 . Non-native speakers may become flustered when confronted by a flood of words, which may cause them to 5 . That“s

37、 where conversation management comes in. Conversation management is the process of using a set of strategies and key functional phrases to 6 .（分数：15.00）解析：B 分析所给语段的结构发现，空白处缺一表语，而且与后面的结构顺接并列，A 项 by encouraging是介词短语，不能作 become 的表语，可以排除；B 项 passive 是形容词，形容词的一大语法功能是作表语，填入句中也正好与后半部分的 bad impression 在语义上一

38、致，都含有负面意思，故 B 项 passive 符合该语段的语法、语义要求。解析：C 此题在结构上与上一小题类似，也是一个并列结构，空白也需要填入表语，因为前面是系动词feel。不同的是，在意思上应该表达正面含义，因为要与 improve your effectiveness 连贯一致，所以C 项(feel) in control 是正确选项。解析：A 三个选项只剩下 A 项 by encouraging，填入语段中验证正确与否的关键是要掌握 encourage 在结构上的用法是 encourage sb. to do sth.，发现正好与题句空白后面给定的结构吻合“encourage peo

39、ple to continue”，可见 A 项填入空白是合适的。by encouraging people to continue 作方式状语。解析：C 题句的空白前面是 by responding to“通过回答”，其中 to 是介词，要填入的是介词宾语。纵观三个选项，A、B 两项都是谓语，而只有名词或起名词作用的词或结构才能作介词宾语，如代词、动名词或名词性从句等，所以排除了 A、B 项；C 项 what other people have said and by encouraging people to continue 是名词性从句，正好在结构上可以作介词宾语，而且上下文 by re

40、sponding to.and by encouraging.也衔接得起来，故 C 为正确选项。解析：A 本题和下一个题空白应填成分在结构上相同，都是不定式短语，在这种情况下，只能借助于语篇即上下文语义联系来选择。本题句的意思是：“非本族人讲英语时，如果面对很多生词，他们可能会感到慌乱，这样会使得他们 -|_|-”。题句中出现了 fluster“慌乱、惊慌”、confronted“面对(不想面对的事情)”、cause“引起(不好的事情发生)”等表示负面意义的词，根据用词的连贯性、一致性原则，A 项应该是正确选项，因为里面出现了 passive，bad impression 等词：“这样会使得他

41、们感到很被动，并且留下不好的印象”。解析：B 本着结构不同看结构、结构相同看意思的答题思路和原则，本题作选择时也只能从意思上入手：“会话管理是用一套策略和主要的功能性说法 -|_|-”，此处填入的不定式在句中作目的状语，B 项“以提高会话的效率并帮助你掌控会话”符合题句的语义要求。另外，B 项中的 in control是上文 management 的语义复现词，根据词汇照应原则，B 也是正确选项。A. have been rescued B. inside their quarters C. where Phrases: A. put them up on a small tree 7 B.

42、8 after sheltering nearly three months C. at the abandoned base 9 there were only flour and cooking fat Eleven fishing boat crew who had been stranded since October in a remote part of Russia“s Far East 10 at an abandoned military base. The eight men and three women took refuge at the base after the

43、ir small boat collided on October 10th. Their attempts to fix one of the boats did not succeed, and they had to remain 11 . Other supplies at the base, which was abandoned in 2003 including Christmas ornaments, and the crew members 12 , but supplies began running low and early this week, five set of

44、f on foot across snow fields. On Friday, after four days of trudging, they reached a working military radio station, the center called rescuers and helicopters were sent to take the eleven to the regional capital.（分数：15.00）解析：B 本题的语段是一动宾结构，空白处位于语段的尾部，显然需填入的内容是作状语。纵观三个选项，A 项是谓语形式，B 项是介词短语，C 项是起连接作用的关

45、系副词，其中只有介词短语可以作状语，故 B为正确选项。还有一个线索也可以帮助我们选择答案，即代词的一致性：语段前半部有 them，B 选项中有their，所以按这个思路来分析，答案也是 B 项。解析：A 该语段空白处后面是介词短语，所以 C 项 where 无法填入，只有 A 项填入此处说得通：have been rescued“已经得到救援”是谓语形式，而且正好与语段中已给的 sheltering“避难”意思相关联：“在躲避了近三个月之后得到了救援”。根据语法结构和词汇的语义照应，选项 C 为本题答案。解析：C 阅读该题语段发现，空白处后面是一个句子，显然空白处需要一个起连接作用的词，恰好

46、C 项的where 具备这一功能，而且前面是表示地点的先行词 base，where 引导的是定语从句，修饰 base，故 C项 where 是答案。题目语段的意思是：“在被遗弃了的基地只有面粉和食用油脂”。解析：B 先分析三个备选语段，可以得知，A、B 两项是谓语形式；C 项是表示地点的介词短语。再分析本题句的语法结构，不难看出 Eleven fishing boat crew 是主语，空白处缺的是谓语。据此排除 C 项。再根据题句语境所给词汇的相关性可以断定 B 为正确选项，因为 strand“搁浅、陷于困境”、sheltering“避难”、rescued“获救”在意思上是关联的，属于同一语

47、义群。题句意为：“十月以来一直被困在俄罗斯远东一偏僻地区的 11 名渔民得到救援，他们在一个废弃军事基地避难已近三个月”。解析：C 空白处出现在动词 remain 之后，remain 是系动词，后接表语，三个选项只有 C 项能作表语，所以 C 项为正确答案。解析：A 题句是一并列句，前一个分句的主语是 other supplies，谓语是 included，后一个并列分句的主语是 the crew members，空白处需要填入谓语，A 项即是谓语结构，符合题句要求。从意思上看，选项中的 them 指上文的 Christmas ornaments, put them up on a small

48、 tree inside their quarters 意指“把圣诞装饰挂到住处的小树上”。五、Text Three(总题数：2，分数：40.00)A. Starbucks in hand B. questioning your ability C. tied to your individual profession D. out of date Phrases: A. you find yourself 1 to consistently follow it B. you cannot inspire others by walking off the elevator, 2 , at 8

49、:40. C. Whether your organization has a code of conduct, a dress code, or a series of ethical standards 3 D. requiring women to wear stockings or men to wear a jacket and tie during work hours is 4 Every organization has standards-those requirements that all employees are supposed to follow. 5 , as a leader it is your obligation to uphold each and every organizational standard. Leaders do not get to pick and choose the standards they abide by. Even if you believe that the dress code 6 , until the standard is ch