【学历类职业资格】英语写作基础自考题-16及答案解析.doc

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1、英语写作基础自考题-16 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.Character building begins in our infancy, and it continues until death. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.Independence Hall in Philadelphia is now restored. Fifty years ago it was in bad shape. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_3.A childs life is li

2、ke a piece of paper. On it every passer-by leaves a mark, (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.Despite its shortcomings, education remains the single best means of economic advancement. (loose construction)（分数：1.50）_5.The world is full of wonders. Some of them we dont discover until were all grown-up. (com

3、pound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.I want neither your sympathy nor do I want your pity. (sentence with parallel structure)（分数：1.50）_7.A reserved person never tells you anything about himself, and you may work with him for years without ever knowing his address. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_

4、8.Shopkeepers usually close their stores early on December 24 to get home early for Christmas Eve. (sentence with “to Opener“)（分数：1.50）_9.They say a person needs just three things to be truly happy in this world. He needs someone to love. He needs something to do and something to hope for. (parallel

5、 structure)（分数：1.50）_10.The route can be changed. I know several people. They dont like any change. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.A brother may not be a friend, a friend will always be a brother.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_12.I returned the kitty to my mom. Which had been missing fo

6、r a couple of days.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_13.The article is difficult to understand not because the vocabulary is technical but because of the complicated sentence structure.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_14.Walked along the river, I ran into a high school friend of mine.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_15.We should budget carefully. Eve

7、n though our income has been greatly increasing.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. There are some differences in the behavior of rock and classical music audiences. B. At a rock concert,

8、 the audience members yell, whistle, sing along, and even stamp their feet. C. Members of the classical music audience are so highly disciplined that they refrain from even clearing their throats or coughing. D. With rock music, the better the performance, the more active the audience will be; with

9、classical music, the better the performance, the more still the audience will be. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Apart from its heavy demands on time and money, campus love, though its sincerity should not be doubted, may not be able to sta

10、nd the test of time. It is relatively easy to maintain a stable relationship on campus, but upon graduation when lovers are faced with different choices-further education or job, staying at home or going abroad-they begin to pursue their respective interests. As a result, lovers may go their separat

11、e ways. According to a survey conducted by Nanjing University, 13.6% of campus lovers split up within the one or two months before graduation. Also, due to college students limited social contacts, the people they develop romantic relationships with are usually their classmates, schoolmates, or frie

12、nds they get to know in intercollegiate activities. Once they enter society and meet more people, their idea of a good partner may change and they will probably find someone more suitable for themselves. Thus, campus love gradually perishes as time goes by.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following parag

13、raph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: _ The first electronic computer, ENIAC, went into operation just over fifty years ago. Compared with todays home computer

14、, ENIAC was enormous, consisting of forty panels, each two feet wide and four feet deep. Todays PC or Macintosh, by contrast, can fit on ones desk or even lap. ENIAC had to be configured by hand, with its programmers taking up to two days to reset switches and cables. Today, the average home user ca

15、n change programs in an instant. And for all its size and inconvenience, ENIAC was slow. In its time, its operating speed of 100,000 pulses per second seemed amazingly fast. However, todays home machine can operate at 1 billion pulses per second or faster. A. ENIAC came into being about 50 years ago

16、. B. ENIAC was huge in size, and inconvenient to use. C. ENIAC differed from todays home computer greatly. D. ENIAC operated at a much slower speed compared with todays home computer.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.One was a St. Bernard dog named Barry, who worked in the Alps in the early 1800s

17、, when St. Bernards were still used to rescue people caught in snowdrifts or avalanches (雪崩). 20. Then there was Chips, the first war dog to be shipped overseas during World War . 21. Yet another animal hero was a canary named Bibs, the pet of an elderly woman, Tess, who lived alone in Tennessee and

18、 whose niece lived nearby. 22. Bibs died after alerting the niece. 23. Among the numerous heroes in history are animals. 24. He saved more than forty lives. 25. One night Chips pulled away from his handler and attacked a German weapons position, seizing one man and forcing the surrender of four othe

19、rs. 26. One day the niece heard a tapping at her window and discovered Bibs, so the niece quickly went to her aunts house and found Tess had struck her head on something and fallen over. 20 25 21（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.City dwellers are becoming so numerous that fewer and fewer people can im

20、agine what it is like to live near to nature, to be regulated by natural events, to be surrounded by the mysteries of the seasons and feel the pulse of time. It is far from enough to read about nature, to camp occasionally, to travel around by car. Life in the country as farmers live is as distinct

21、as can be from life in towns and cities. Of course, everyone can see this sociologically. There are so many different ways of being entertained in a city outside office or factory hours. People entertain themselves at their homes. There are few distractions on a farm and the hours of work are as lon

22、g as daylight. Still, the main differences lie somewhere else. Country life is demanding and calls for many skills. One has to be a jack-of-all-trades to cope with numerous emergencies and with the varying needs of the moment for, except on the largest farms, it is not easy to enlist the help of a s

23、pecialist for each breakdown in machinery, plumbing or electricity. It is not possible to put off jobs on the land if the weather is going to change. Services of various kinds in the city still leave room for improvement.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.Write a letter according to the following situ

24、ation: You are going to apply for an undergraduate English literature program of a university. In the letter, tell them about your interest in the program, your qualifications and your career plan. The letter is addressed to the program director Mr. Rochester. Dont forget to tell him your phone numb

25、er (555-5555) and your email address (). Please sign your name as Li Ping. (150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-16 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.Character building begins in our infancy, and it continues until death. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Character building beginning in our

26、 infancy continues until death.)解析：解析 (1)明确 simple sentence(简单句)的构成：simple sentence(简单句)是包含一套主语+谓语动词(S+V)的结构。(2)将两个短句的共同主语作为合并后的简单句的主语，并将其中包含主要信息的短句的谓语动词确立为简单句的谓语动词，另一短句转化为修饰成分。(3)本题原句是一个并列句，两个分句地位平等。故而，选定其中之一作为将来简单句的主干，将另一个转化为修饰语即可。2.Independence Hall in Philadelphia is now restored. Fifty years ag

27、o it was in bad shape. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Independence Hall in Philadelphia is now restored, but fifty years ago it was in bad shape./Fifty years ago Independence Hall in Philadelphia was in bad shape, and it is now restored.)解析：解析 首先我们来看译文，费城的独立大会堂如今即将重建。五十年前它损坏的很严重。原句是两个简单句，要求变为复合句

28、。复合句是由处主从地位的两套主谓结构的句子组成。把简单句变为复合句，关键在于要确定几个简单句，那个处于主要地位，这需要根据逻辑关系来判断。从属连词的确定也是同样的道理。根据句意，独立大会堂如今即将重建，然而在五十年前却损坏严重。“然而，但是”可用 but比较合适，表示语气转折。3.A childs life is like a piece of paper. On it every passer-by leaves a mark, (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(A childs life is like a piece of paper on which

29、every passer-by leaves a mark.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，且它们之间内在关系为前主后辅；连成复合句时，让后者成为前句的修饰语，但必须要具备完整的主谓结构，即：以从句的形式出现。本题中，用关系代词将第二句改成定语从句即是答案。4.Despite its shortcomings, education remains the single best means of economic advancement. (loose construction)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Education remains the single best means of

30、 economic advancement, despite its shortcomings./Education remains the single best means of economic advancement despite its shortcomings.)解析：解析 译文：尽管教育有缺陷，但这是经济发展最有利的方式。本句是一个掉尾句，要求将它变为一个松散句。调尾句和松散句的主要区别是主要观点的位置不同。当句子结构为“基本结构+修饰语”时，主要观点体现在基本结构上，修饰语主要指状语，为次要观点。在这样的句子中，掉尾句的本质就是状语前置。要将掉尾句变为松散句，只需要将状语后置

31、即可。在本句中，只需要将 despite引导的时间状语从句后置即可。做注意原句子以否定词开头的倒装语序需要改为正常语序。5.The world is full of wonders. Some of them we dont discover until were all grown-up. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The world is full of wonders, but some of them we dont discover until were all grown-up.)解析：解析 本题中第一句是简单句，第二句是

32、复合句，且它们之间内在关系为转折；只需选择适合的并列连词 but，并辅之于逗号，将两句连接，便是并列复合句。6.I want neither your sympathy nor do I want your pity. (sentence with parallel structure)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I want neither your sympathy nor your pity./Neither do I want your sympathy nor do I want your pity.)解析：解析 译文：我既不需要你的同情，也不需要你的怜悯。该题要求改为包含平行结

33、构的句子。平行结构是指把两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来，使句子对称流畅，富有节奏感。本题中 neither your sympathy nor your pity是主语想要表达的意思。它们均做主语 I的宾语，地位相同，所以改时，只要将它们并列作 I的宾语即可。7.A reserved person never tells you anything about himself, and you may work with him for years without ever knowing his address. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1

34、.50）_正确答案：(Because a reserved person never tells you anything about himself, you may work with him for years, but dont ever know his address.)解析：解析 原句是一个包含两套主谓结构的并列句，而并列复合句至少需要三套主谓结构，这就要求我们首先要从原句中拆出一套主谓结构来，介词短语 without ever knowing his address充当此任正合适。这样，原句就会变成：A reserved person never tells you anyth

35、ing about himself, and you may work with him for years, but dont ever know his address.这样一个并列句。再将上句中的第一分句转化为由从属连词 because引导的从句，即是并列复合句。8.Shopkeepers usually close their stores early on December 24 to get home early for Christmas Eve. (sentence with “to Opener“)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(To get home early for C

36、hristmas Eve, shopkeepers usually close their stores early on December 24.)解析：解析 译文：12 月 24号那天店主们通常早早地就关了店门回家过圣诞节。要求将该句变成以 to开头的一个句子。To 位于句首时，通常引出表强调的目的状语。可将 to get home early for Christmas Eve提到句首即可。9.They say a person needs just three things to be truly happy in this world. He needs someone to lov

37、e. He needs something to do and something to hope for. (parallel structure)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(They say a person needs just three things to be truly happy in this world. He needs someone to love, something to do, and something to hope for.)解析：解析 原句为三个简单句，且后两句具有相同的语法结构，具备构成平行结构的条件，所以，将后两句合为一句包含平行的“宾语+宾补”

38、结构的句子即可。10.The route can be changed. I know several people. They dont like any change. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The route can be changed, but I know several people who dont like any change.)解析：解析 译文：行程可以改变。我认识一个人。他们不喜欢改变。原句是三个简单句，它们各自有一套主谓结构，要求把它们变为并列复合句。并列复合句指一个句子中既含并列关系，又含复合关系。并列

39、句可由 but来连接，而复合句，也叫主从复合句，它由 who从属连词来连接。做这类的题关键就是根据逻辑关系，来确定这些连词。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.A brother may not be a friend, a friend will always be a brother.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A brother may not be a friend, but a friend will always be a brother.）解析：解析 原句中的两个分句仅仅靠一个逗号连接，是典型的逗号连接型串句。改正的方法有多种：可以在第二个分句前加上合适

40、的连接词(joining word)；也可将逗号改为分号；或是将其改为句号且将第二个分句的开头字母大写。就本题而言，第一种方法是最合适的。12.I returned the kitty to my mom. Which had been missing for a couple of days.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I returned the kitty, which had been missing for a couple of days, to my mom./I returned the kitty which had been missing for a c

41、ouple of days to my mom.）解析：解析 本题是由从属连词引起的破句。根据句意，这里 which指的是 kitty，这样，由 which引导的只能是从句，它需要依附于它前面的主句才能存在；修改时应将句号或逗号，which 首字母小写，使后半句成为前句 kitty的非限制性定语从句。13.The article is difficult to understand not because the vocabulary is technical but because of the complicated sentence structure.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_

42、（正确答案：The article is difficult to understand not because the vocabulary is technical but because the sentence structure is complicated.）解析：解析 本句中由 not.but.引起的两部分内容，在句法功能上，都是状语，但在语法表现形式上却不相同，属于典型的错误平行结构。改正时只需将两部分内容都变成由 because引导的状语从句即可。14.Walked along the river, I ran into a high school friend of mine.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Wa