【学历类职业资格】英语写作基础自考题-14及答案解析.doc

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1、英语写作基础自考题-14 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.The Irish ambassador bid us farewell when the party ended. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.The old lady takes courses in painting and music instead of looking after her grandkids. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_3.The cloud gets longer and gets

2、closer to the ground. It begins to pull up dirt from the ground. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.It was at the entrance to the valley. They heard the sound of a trickling stream. It was the first stream they had seen for days. (long sentence)（分数：1.50）_5.Its true whether you believe it or not. (periodi

3、c sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.Last night I studied until 2 a.m. I have an exam today. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.At the official launch (发布会) of Beatrix Porters Peter Rabbit, the invited children will participate in the singing and dancing session. They will enjoy storytelling of the tales. (parallel s

4、tructure)（分数：1.50）_8.We still have a lot of work to do. We should hurry up. We could not finish it as planned. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_9.I sat in the front row, but I did not get his words. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_10.The house had been burglarized. Smith couldnt sleep sound

5、ly for several months. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.My brothers house is on Alp Street. Which is getting new sewers next week.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_12.We are planning. To build a reservoir here.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_13.Born in New Zealand, it is natural to enjoy eating roast lamb.（分数：3.00）填

6、空项 1:_14.The man is my English teacher who lives next to you.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_15.The mayor was described as a round, squat (矮胖的) man with a droopy (下垂的) beard weighing 60kg.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in th

7、e blank provided. A. Pollution makes more and more water undrinkable. B. Water is very important to us. C. The present situation of water supplies in big cities is very grave. D. Water is overused by factories or wasted by some people. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and und

8、erline the topic sentence. Scientists have learned to supplement the sense of sight in numerous ways. In front of the tiny pupil of the eye they put, on Mount Palomar, a great monocle (单片眼镜) 200 inches in diameter, and with it see 2000 times farther into the depths of space. Or they look through a s

9、mall pair of lenses arranged as a microscope (显微镜) into a drop of water or blood, and magnify (放大) by as much as 2000 diameters the living creatures there, many of which are among mans most dangerous enemies. Or, if we want to see distant happenings on earth, they use some of the previously wasted e

10、lectromagnetic (电磁的) waves to carry television images which they recreate as light by whipping tiny crystals on a screen with electrons (电子) in a vacuum. Or they can bring happenings of long ago and far away as colored motion pictures, by arranging silver atoms and color absorbing molecules (分子、微粒)

11、to force light waves into the patterns of original reality. Or if we want to see into the center of a steel casting or the chest of an injured child, they send the information on a beam of penetrating (穿透的) short-wave X rays, and then convert it back into images we can see on a screen or photograph.

12、 Thus almost every type of electromagnetic radiation yet discovered has been used to extend our sense of sight in some way.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your c

13、hoice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: _ In ancient time, dancing was used to share information. For instance, if the head man of a primitive tribe wanted his men to hunt for food, he would first dance around acting like an animal and then he would change his dancing to pretend to shoot an ani

14、mal. He would try to have his men follow his example. When he was sure that his followers understood his intention, he would lead his excited hunters to chase and kill the animals they needed for food. In modern times, dancing is mainly for physical exercises. Most people do not care much about whet

15、her they are dancing gracefully or not. Of more importance is that they move their bodies for half an hour or so. For these people, dancing is another way of getting their daily exercises. A. The functions of dancing are gradually changed from the ancient to the modern because of the developments of

16、 the society. B. Dancing serves people in many different ways. C. Dancing, apart from its main function as a means of entertainment or a form of recreational activity, has other functions. D. Dancing had developed itself well from time to time.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.George is the best

17、example of this kind of friends; weve known each other since we began school; I trust George and can tell him my deepest feelings. 20. Missing, however, is the feeling of trust I share with George: we are friends who are just “friends“, not “close friends.“ 21. I have three kinds of friends in my li

18、fe: close friends, ordinary friends and acquaintances. 22. Finally, I have friends who are just “acquaintances“; these are people I occasionally see at parties or sit next to in class. 23. My life is richer for these three types of friends, for they provide me with a healthy variety of company. 24.

19、We chat and are friendly with one another if we happen to meet, but that is as far as we go: we dont plan things together. 25. My second type of friends, “ordinary friends“ are people I like and do things with. 26. The first type, my close friends, are people whom I have known most of my life and wh

20、o love and accept me for myself. 25 20 22（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.Good manners are necessary to succeed in business and social situations. As we grow, we become more and more polite. In the work place, good manners can make the difference between getting a job and staying unemployed. When cal

21、ling to set up an interview, one should be polite and professional to the person answering the phone. Arriving at the interview on time, properly dressed, is another way to impress the boss. Several days after the interview it is polite to send a letter thanking the interviewer for his or her time.

22、Having good manners like these can increase ones chances of success in the work place. Bad manners are the opposite of good manners. Manners are also important in social situations such as parties. When a friend calls with a party invitation, one should check the date and either accept or decline. R

23、esponding promptly to an invitation is an example of good social manners. When attending the party, one should not bring people along who werent invited. A guest who shows up with five or six other people will probably not be invited again. When leaving the party it is polite to thank the host and a

24、sk if he or she needs any help cleaning up. Friends feel appreciated when they are treated this way.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.Your name is Wang Hao. Yesterday your sister got married and youre very happy for them. Now write a letter to share your happiness with your good friend Li Ming. Provi

25、de necessary information about the wedding ceremony. (150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-14 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.The Irish ambassador bid us farewell when the party ended. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The Irish ambassador bid us farewell at the end of the party.)解析：解析 原句

26、是一个含有由 when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，要求变为简单句。简单句中不含有从句，故在转换时我们要把 when引导的从句改为意义上相同的介词短语，本题可以把从句转换为 at the end of the party。2.The old lady takes courses in painting and music instead of looking after her grandkids. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Instead of looking after her grandkids, the old lady takes cours

27、es in painting and music.)解析：解析 松散句大都可以通过把状语或状语从句移至句首的方法来改成掉尾句，本题是介词短语做状语。3.The cloud gets longer and gets closer to the ground. It begins to pull up dirt from the ground. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(As the cloud gets longer and gets closer to the ground, it begins to pull up dirt from the gro

28、und.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求合并为复合句。复合句是含有主句和从句的句子。题干中两句的信息重点在第二句，所以第二句应在合并后的句子巾作主句。而第一句可以在时间意义上和第二句联系起来，可以把其转化为由 as引导的从句，表示一种时间上的伴随关系。译文：随着云层越来越厚，离地面越来越近，它开始越来越多地和地面上的粉尘相结合。4.It was at the entrance to the valley. They heard the sound of a trickling stream. It was the first stream they had seen for days. (

29、long sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(At the entrance to the valley, they heard the sound of a trickling stream, the first stream they had seen for days.)解析：解析 原句是三个简单句，要求变为一个长句。简单句变为长句时要注意采用合理的句子结构。到底采用并列式、复合式，还是并列复合式需要考生根据句子意思来判断。本题在处理这个问题时，由于第一句的核心意思是 at the entrance to the valley介词短语表地点。故将第一句用介词短语表示，而最后

30、一句的核心词为 stream，是对第二句中 a trickling stream的修饰限定，可用非限制性定语从句来表示。译文：在山谷的入口处，他们听到了咕咕的溪流声，这是他们几天来第一次看到的溪流。5.Its true whether you believe it or not. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Whether you believe it or not, its true.)解析：解析 原句是一个含有 whether引导的让步状语从句的松散句，要求转变为掉尾句。只需要把whether引导的从句放于句首，而原主句后移即可，这样就可在开头造成

31、悬念，吸引读者读到最后才知道完整的意思。6.Last night I studied until 2 a.m. I have an exam today. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Last night I studied until 2 a.m., for I have an exam today.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求变为并列句。简单句合并成并列句的一个方法是用逗号加并列连接词。本题即采用这种方式。由于前后两句是因果关系，故选用并列连词 for，同时将两句中间的句号改为逗号。7.At the official launch (发布会

32、) of Beatrix Porters Peter Rabbit, the invited children will participate in the singing and dancing session. They will enjoy storytelling of the tales. (parallel structure)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(At the official launch(发布会)of Beatrix Porters Peter Rabbit, the invited children will participate in the singing

33、 and dancing session, and will enjoy storytelling of the tales.)解析：解析 本题由两个简单句组成。第一个句子意为“在 Beatrix Porter的 Peter Rabbit的官方发布会上，受邀的孩子们会参加唱歌和跳舞的环节”。第二句的意思是“他们会很喜欢讲故事”。前后两个句子中的主语是相同的，都是“the invited children”，而前后两个句子之间的逻辑关系是并列，所以要将这两个句子转换成一个平行结构，只要将第二句中的主语去掉，用连词 and连接两个谓语部分即可。8.We still have a lot of wo

34、rk to do. We should hurry up. We could not finish it as planned. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Since we still have a lot of work to do, we should hurry up or we could not finish it as planned.)解析：解析 将三个或三个以上的简单句合并为并列复合句时，最重要的是要理清句子间的关系并选择相应的连接词。原句是三个简单句，第一句和第二句之间是因果关系，可用连词 since引导。第二句和第

35、三句是转折关系，可用 or引导。译文：我们仍有很多工作要做，所以我们必须加紧，要不然就不能按计划完成了。9.I sat in the front row, but I did not get his words. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I sat in the front row, but I did not get what he said.)解析：解析 原句是一个并列句，要求转化为并列复合句。原句两个句子之间已是并列关系，由于前句要想变为复合结构比较困难，故我们将后句的 his words转换为其相应宾语从句形式的 what

36、he said即可。10.The house had been burglarized. Smith couldnt sleep soundly for several months. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Smith couldnt sleep soundly for several months, since the house had been burglarized.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求合并为一个复合句。复合句是含有主句和从句的句子。本题的主句是后半句，这点比较容易判断，关键是前半句(即从句)连接河的选用。从句意来判断，前句

37、在时间上先于后句，故可用连词 since引导。译文：自从房子被盗以来，史密斯有几个月不能好好睡觉。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.My brothers house is on Alp Street. Which is getting new sewers next week.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：My brothers house is on Alp Street, which is getting new sewers next week.）解析：解析 本题是由从属连词引起的破句。根据句意，这里 which指第一句的 Alp Street，这样，由whi

38、ch引导的只能是从句，它需要依附于它前面的主句才能存在；修改时应将句号换为逗号，which 首字母小写，使后半句成为前句 Alp Street的非限制性定语从句。12.We are planning. To build a reservoir here.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：We are planning to build a reservoir here.）解析：解析 本题是由不定式引起的破句。当动词不定式符号 to出现在一个词组的开头或靠近开头时，有时候就会产生破句。修改这类破句，可以用把它加到前面的句子上的方法。本题由于动词 plan常用于句型 plan to d

39、o sth.中，故本题的两句可直接合并成一句。13.Born in New Zealand, it is natural to enjoy eating roast lamb.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：He was born in New Zealand, and it is natural to enjoy eating roast lamb.）解析：解析 本题属于垂悬修饰语错误。原句中 born的主语应是人而不应是代词 it，故修改时应找出隐含主语。14.The man is my English teacher who lives next to you.（分数：3.

40、00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：The man who lives next door to you is my English teacher.）解析：解析 本题属于修饰语错置引起的病句。who lives next door to you 很显然是修饰主语 man的，放在后面会引起语意混乱。修改时应将其置于 the man后面。15.The mayor was described as a round, squat (矮胖的) man with a droopy (下垂的) beard weighing 60kg.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Weighing 60kg,

41、 the mayor was described as a round, squat (矮胖的) man with a droopy (下垂的) beard.）解析：解析 本题是由于修饰语错置引起的病句。weighing 60kg 是用来修饰 squat man而小是 beard的，故应把它放在 squat man后。译文：市长被描述为一个重 120斤的、矮胖的、长着胡子的人。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in

42、the blank provided. A. Pollution makes more and more water undrinkable. B. Water is very important to us. C. The present situation of water supplies in big cities is very grave. D. Water is overused by factories or wasted by some people. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：解析 选项 A、C 和 D都是对某件事的具体表述，没有扩展