【学历类职业资格】河南省专升本英语分类模拟题30及答案解析.doc

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1、河南省专升本英语分类模拟题 30及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest“ and begin an independent life. After children leave home they

2、often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married. Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young adults meet their futur

3、e spouses (配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions. Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices. In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A pare

4、nt may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father“s business because

5、of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father“s workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family coexisting with such love in

6、 the American family are cultural values of self-reliance and independence.（分数：20.00）(1).The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in order to show which of the following? _（分数：4.00）A.They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses.B.They want to win the permission of their parents.C.They h

7、ave a strong desire to become independent.D.They want to challenge the authority of their parents.(2).Most young adults in the U.S. get married for the sake of _.（分数：4.00）A.loveB.financial concernC.their parentsD.family background(3).Based on the passage, it can be assumed that _.（分数：4.00）A.American

8、 young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parentsB.most American people never make major decisions for their childrenC.American young adults possess cultural values of independenceD.once a young person steps into his twenties, he will leave his home permanently(4).A son is unwilling to wo

9、rk in his father“s business mainly because _.（分数：4.00）A.he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in schoolB.he wants to prove his independenceC.he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve ofD.he wants to show his love for his parents(5).The subject matter of this selection is _.

10、（分数：4.00）A.family valuesB.marriage arrangementsC.the pursuit of a careerD.decision making三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)United States customs law defines an antique(古董) as an object that is more than 100 years old. It is understood, however, that an object must be more than just 20 years old in order

11、to be called an antique. Properly, an antique must also be distinguished by some degree of aesthetic (美学的) or historic merit. An antique is usually both beautiful and decorative. It may also have additional interest and value because of its relationship to a historical period or to some well-known p

12、erson. George Washington“s teapot and dining room chairs, for example, are more valuable as antiques than those that belonged to most other 18th century Americans. Antiques of all kinds are highly valued for their intrinsic (内在的) beauty, craftsmanship, and quality of design. They may be made of rare

13、 materials such as gold or silver, but they may also be made of ordinary materials such as wood or paper. Most antiques are things that were originally used as household furnishings. These include furniture, silver, glass, ceramics(陶瓷制品), rugs, embroideries(刺绣), and various kinds of metal ware. In m

14、useums these objects represent the decorative arts. They are studied and exhibited in ways that are different from the ways in which the fine arts (paintings, prints, and sculpture, for example) are studied and presented. Antiques are studied by cultural and social historians, who see them as direct

15、 clues to a people“s way of life. Such scholars are less concerned with the beauty of a piece than with its typicality, craftsmanship, and role in the economic and social life of its owners. Washington“s teapot and dining room chairs are studied as examples of 18th century pottery and furniture-maki

16、ng. They are also studied for their roles in daily life at Washington“s home, Mount Vernon. Such material culture studies have benefited private collectors greatly because the results have enhanced the associative or relic value of certain objects.（分数：20.00）(1).Washington“s teapot is more valuable a

17、s antiques because _.（分数：4.00）A.it belonged to the 18th century AmericaB.it had aesthetic and practical valueC.Washington was the greatest personD.It played a big role in Washington“s life(2).In practice, which of the following is the most important feature that makes an object an antique? _（分数：4.00

18、）A.It has to be 100 years old.B.It has to be at least 20 years old.C.It has to be beautiful and decorative.D.It has to have aesthetic of historic value.(3).Which of the following is NOT TRUE? _（分数：4.00）A.The rarer material an antique is made of, the more valuable it is.B.Most antiques belong to the

19、decorative arts.C.An antique may be valuable because of its design.D.Household furnishings are most likely to become antiques.(4).A social historian is more concerned with an antique“s _.（分数：4.00）A.decorative valueB.aesthetic valueC.intrinsic beautyD.practical value(5).To a cultural and social schol

20、ar, Washington“s teapot is valuable because _.（分数：4.00）A.a great man like Washington could afford expensive teapotB.it is beautiful and much studied by private collectorsC.it tells people something about how Washington livedD.it is typical of pottery making in Washington“s time四、Passage Three(总题数：1，

21、分数：20.00)Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made, washing can go to the laundry, food can be bought cooked, canned or preserved, bread is baked and delivered by the baker, milk arrives o

22、n the doorstep, meals can be had at the restaurant, the workers“ canteen(食堂), and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue (从事) his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow the

23、ir father“s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile (纺织的) areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work, but this practi

24、ce has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child“s home life, the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages, father is seldom the dominan

25、t (支配的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages increase, but children lose something of great value if mother“s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.（分数：20.00）(1).The writer compares home to a wor

26、kshop because _.（分数：4.00）A.fathers often pursue employment at homeB.parents have to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-lifeC.many families produce goods at home for saleD.both fathers and mothers in most families are workers(2).The writer says that home has become much less of a work

27、shop. He means _.（分数：4.00）A.in the past, home was more like a workshopB.home is much more of a workshop nowC.home workshops are becoming fewer and fewerD.home was less like a workshop in the past(3).The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father“s occupation is _.（分数：4.00）A.tha

28、t children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of workB.that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any moreC.that there is a wide choice of employment for childrenD.that children also like to have jobs outside(4).What makes father no longer be the only dominant person in a fa

29、mily? _（分数：4.00）A.With their earning, mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life.B.There are many choices of employment for mothers and children.C.Father does much less for his children today than he used to.D.The number of married women in employment has increased greatly no

30、w.(5).It is implied in this passage that _.（分数：4.00）A.mothers have the practice to go to workB.working mothers have no time to stay with their childrenC.young wage earners are economic independentD.mother“s position in a family has been raised五、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Worry is one of the most co

31、mmon forms of emotional distress in our culture. Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments worrying about the future. And virtually all of it is for nothing. Obsessive (过分的) worry will never make things any better. In fact, such worry will very likely help you to be less effect

32、ive in dealing with the present. In order to reduce worry, it is necessary to understand the subconscious psychological “payoffs“ for choosing to worry in the first place. “I can“t do a thing. I“m too worried about.“ This is a common sorrow, and one with a payoff that keeps you standing still and av

33、oiding the risk of action. Clearly, it is easier, if less rewarding, to worry than to be an active. If you weigh too much, you may eat more when you worry ; hence, you have a good reason for hanging on to the worry behavior. Similarly, you may find yourself smoking more in troublesome situations, an

34、d can use the worry to avoid giving up smoking. The same anxious reward system also applies to health. It may be easier for you to worry about chest pains than to risk finding out the truth, and then having to deal directly with yourself. Worry can bring a lot of diseases such as tension headaches a

35、nd backaches. While these may not seem to be payoffs, they do result in considerable attention from others and justify much self-pity as well. And some people would rather be pitied than fulfilled. Now that you understand the psychological support system for neurotic worry, you can begin to devise s

36、ome measures for reducing the number of troublesome worry bugs that breed in this incorrect zone. Begin to view your present moments as times to live, rather than times to worry about the future. When you catch yourself worrying, ask yourself. What am I avoiding now by using up this moment with worr

37、y? “Then begin to attack whatever you“re avoiding.“（分数：20.00）(1).The passage is mainly concerned with _.（分数：4.00）A.the positive effects of worryB.the negative effects of worryC.the causes of worryD.the diseases caused by worry(2).The author thinks that worry _.（分数：4.00）A.never does any good in solvi

38、ng problemsB.is a form of emotional distress commonly found among peopleC.makes people more considerateD.drives people more active(3).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：4.00）A.everybody is suffering from worryB.people have all realized the fact that worry leads to nothingC.a little worry

39、 might make things betterD.it often happens that what you worry about will never come true(4).The word “payoffs“ (Line 1, Para. 2) can be best replaced by “_“.（分数：4.00）A.methodsB.solutionsC.resultsD.benefits(5).It is implied in the passage that _.（分数：4.00）A.people will feel sympathetic for you if yo

40、u suffer from certain diseaseB.some people would rather just worry about their problems than take any actionsC.people should not regard the present moments as times to enjoyD.people should establish right attitudes towards worry六、Passage Five(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly

41、everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house-owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship-owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family the poorer. On the other hand, not every house i

42、s damaged by fire nor every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the

43、 contribution are known as “insured“ and those who administer the pool of contributions as “insurers“. Not all risks lend themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly speaking, the ordinary risks of business and speculation cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the price

44、s offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimatedand risks can only be insured against if they can be so estimated. The legal basis of all insurance is the “policy“. This is the printed form of contract on paper of the best quality. It states that in return for the regular payment by th

45、e insured of a named sum of money, called the “premium“(保险费), which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured against actually happens. The wording of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old-fashion

46、ed, but there is a sound reason for this. Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meaning of doubtful phrases in policies. The law courts, in their judgments, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes the phrases

47、have continued to be used in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech.（分数：20.00）(1).According to this passage, insurance is possible because _.（分数：4.00）A.everyone at some time suffers lossB.only a small proportion of the insured suffer lossC.nearly everyone suffers lossD.only

48、insured people suffer loss(2).By “the pool of contributions“ the writer means _.（分数：4.00）A.money paid by the insuredB.money paid by the insurersC.the cost of administering insuranceD.the amount of administering insurance(3).The insurance of ordinary business risks is not possible because _.（分数：4.00）

49、A.business will not buy insuranceB.the risks are too highC.the risks can not be estimatedD.the premiums would be too high(4).Old-fashioned wording is sometimes used in insurance policies because _.（分数：4.00）A.insurance is old-fashionedB.insurance has existed for a long timeC.it enables ordinary people to understand itD.the meaning of such wording has been agreed upon(5).The writer of this passage seems to think that insurance is _.（分数：4.00）A.a form of gamblingB.a way of