ISO 29782-2008 Prostheses and orthoses - Factors to be considered when specifying a prosthesis for a person who has had a lower limb amputation《修复术和矫形学 当具体说明下肢截.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO 29782:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29782 First edition 2008-12-01 Prostheses and orthoses Factors to be considered when specifying a prosthesis for a person who has had a lower limb amputation Prothses et orthses Facteurs prendre en considration lors de la spcific

2、ation dune prothse pour une personne ayant subi une amputation dun membre infrieur ISO 29782:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embe

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6、ding photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Publish

7、ed in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 29782:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally

8、carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the wo

9、rk. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Inte

10、rnational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of t

11、he elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 29782 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 168, Prosthetics and orthotics. ISO 29782:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedIntroduction The se

12、lection of components to be used in a prosthesis for a person should take account of their amputation level, stump and general physical characteristics, general clinical condition, functional capabilities, motivation and needs, anticipated activities and social and economic circumstances. The enviro

13、nmental conditions to which the prosthesis will be exposed and the locally available supply and maintenance arrangements must also be considered. At one extreme the person is unable to use a functional prosthesis but desires a cosmetic replacement. At the other extreme they desire and are able to ac

14、hieve high levels of activity and require an appropriate prosthesis. Some people wish to engage in specific activities that require particular components. The prosthetic team with their educational and clinical experience has to make a choice of components based on this information. INTERNATIONAL ST

15、ANDARD ISO 29782:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Prostheses and orthoses Factors to be considered when specifying a prosthesis for a person who has had a lower limb amputation 1 Scope This International Standard describes the factors to be considered when specifying a prosthesis for a person

16、who has had a lower limb amputation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments

17、) applies. ISO 8548-2, Prosthetics and orthotics Limb deficiencies Part 2: Method of describing lower limb amputation stumps 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8548-2 and the following apply. 3.1 balance ability to maintain the bodys mas

18、s over its base of support 3.2 coordination ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled movements 3.3 endurance ability to sustain repeated muscular effort 4 Stump characteristics NOTE A method of describing a lower limb amputation stump is given in ISO 8548-2. 4.1 General The characteristics li

19、sted in 4.2 to 4.7 require particular consideration. ISO 29782:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.2 Length and shape a) Too long or too short. NOTE Where the stump length might preclude the use of particular prosthetic components. b) Bulbous or too conical. NOTE Where the stump shape might requ

20、ire special socket fitting procedures. c) Bony prominences. d) Volume fluctuation. 4.3 Soft tissues a) Excessive or insufficient. b) Flabby or indurated. 4.4 Skin a) Breaks in continuity. b) Adherent to bone. c) Scarred. d) Grafts. e) Altered sensation. f) Dermatological conditions. 4.5 Circulation

21、a) Impaired arterial/venous/lymphatic. 4.6 Pain a) Spontaneous. b) Upon loading. 4.7 Proximal joint(s) a) Range of motion abnormalities. b) Instability (of bony or ligamentous origin). c) Muscle weakness or hyperactivity. d) Pain. ISO 29782:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 5 General physical c

22、haracteristics NOTE A method of describing the clinical condition of the person who has had an amputation is given in ISO 8548-5. The following characteristics require particular consideration. a) Body mass. b) Height. c) Upper limb impairments. d) Trunk mobility restrictions. e) Contralateral lower

23、 limb: 1) circulatory impairments; 2) neurological impairments; i) muscle weakness or hyperactivity; ii) abnormal proprioception; iii) abnormal sensation; 3) musculoskeletal impairments; i) range of motion abnormalities; ii) bony or ligamentous instability; I) skin impairments; II) pain; III) amputa

24、tion level. 6 General clinical conditions Any significant disorder of any of the following (including the effects of medication) requires special consideration. a) The cardiovascular system. b) The respiratory system. c) The neurological system. d) The special senses. e) The nutritional status. f) T

25、he cognitive status. g) The mental and psychological status. h) Other systems. ISO 29782:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved7 Functional capabilities These capabilities require consideration. a) Balance (3.1). b) Coordination (3.2). c) Endurance (3.3). 8 Motivation and perceived needs NOTE The mo

26、tivation and perceived needs of the person are influenced by a number of factors including their social and cultural environment. The clinical impression of the persons motivation and perceived needs should be considered. 9 Anticipated activity 9.1 Mobility The persons anticipated mobility level and

27、 walking speeds should be considered. a) Level: 1) non-ambulant (sitting only); 2) stand/transfer; 3) walk indoors/level surface; 4) stairs and slopes; 5) independent outdoor walking; 6) difficult terrain; 7) running. b) Walking at different speeds. 9.2 Vocational activities The persons anticipated

28、vocational activities should be considered. 9.3 Sporting and recreational activities The persons anticipated sporting and recreational activities should be considered. 9.4 Social and cultural activities The persons anticipated social and cultural activities should be considered. a) Squatting. b) Cro

29、ss-legged sitting. ISO 29782:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 c) Kneeling. d) Bare-foot walking. e) Wearing shoes of different heel height. 10 Environmental conditions Anticipated exposure to any of the following adverse environmental conditions will require special consideration. a) Contamina

30、nts, e.g. sand, soil. b) Frequent immersion in water. c) Prolonged exposure to sunlight. d) Extreme heat/cold/humidity. 11 Locally available supply and maintenance The existence of a local supply and maintenance service is an important consideration. 12 Social and economic circumstances The persons

31、living environment, family and social network and economic circumstances should be considered. ISO 29782:2008(E) 6 ISO 2008 All rights reservedBibliography 1 ISO 8548-5, Prosthetics and orthotics Limb deficiencies Part 5: Description of the clinical condition of the person who has had an amputation ISO 29782:2008(E) ICS 11.040.40 Price based on 6 pages ISO 2008 All rights reserved