ISO 21011-2008 Cryogenic vessels - Valves for cryogenic service《低温容器 低温设备的阀门》.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO 21011:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21011 First edition 2008-02-01 Cryogenic vessels Valves for cryogenic service Rcipients cryogniques Robinets pour usage cryognique ISO 21011:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with

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4、care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified,

5、 no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case po

6、stale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 21011:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definiti

7、ons .2 4 Requirements.4 4.1 Materials .4 4.2 Design .5 5 Testing 7 5.1 Type approval.7 5.2 Production tests.8 5.3 Test report 9 6 Cleanliness .9 7 Marking .9 7.1 Marking on the body of the valve.9 7.2 Marking on an identification plate9 Annex A (informative) Recommended methods for leak tightness te

8、sting of cryogenic valves10 Bibliography 12 ISO 21011:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried

9、 out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO

10、 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Internation

11、al Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elem

12、ents of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 21011 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 220, Cryogenic vessels. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21011:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Cryogenic v

13、essels Valves for cryogenic service 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of valves for a rated temperature of 40 C and below (cryogenic service), i.e. for operation with cryogenic fluids in addition to operation at temperatures from a

14、mbient to cryogenic. It applies to all types of cryogenic valves, including vacuum jacketed cryogenic valves up to size DN 150. This International Standard is not applicable to pressure relief valves covered by ISO 21013-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable

15、for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5208, Industrial valves Pressure testing of valves ISO 10434, Bolted bonnet steel gate valves for

16、the petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries ISO 11114-1, Transportable gas cylinders Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents Part 1: Metallic materials ISO 11114-2, Transportable gas cylinders Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents Part 2: Non-

17、metallic materials ISO 15761, Steel gate, globe and check valves for sizes DN 100 and smaller, for the petroleum and natural gas industries ISO 17292, Metal ball valves for petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries ISO 21010, Cryogenic vessels Gas/materials compatibility ISO 21028-1, Cryogenic

18、vessels Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature Part 1: Temperatures below 80 degrees C ISO 21028-2, Cryogenic vessels Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature Part 2: Temperatures between 80 degrees C and 20 degrees C ISO 23208, Cryogenic vessels Cleanline

19、ss for cryogenic service ASME B16.34, Valves Flanged, threaded, and welding end ISO 21011:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 nominal size DN alphanumeric designation of size for components of

20、 a pipe work system, which is used for reference purposes. NOTE 1 It comprises the letters “DN” followed by a dimensionless whole number which is indirectly related to the physical size, in millimetres, of the bore or outside diameter of the end connections. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 6708:1995. 3.2 ra

21、ted pressure PR maximum pressure difference between the inside and outside of any pressure retaining boundary for which the boundary is designed to be operated at 20 C NOTE The PR of the valve is the lowest PR of any component of the valve. 3.3 rated minimum temperature lowest temperature for which

22、the valve is rated by the manufacturer 3.4 valve category A valve type which passed the operation simulation test for 2 000 cycles during type approval testing NOTE See 5.1.3.3. 3.5 valve category B valve type which passed the operation simulation test for 100 cycles during type approval testing NOT

23、E See 5.1.3.3. 3.6 flow coefficient basic coefficient used to state the flow capacity of a valve under specified conditions NOTE 1 Flow coefficients in current use are K vand C vdepending upon the system of units. NOTE 2 Even though the dimensions and units used with flow coefficient K vdiffer from

24、those used with flow coefficient C v , it is possible to relate the two flow coefficients numerically by means of the relationship 0,865 v v K C = . NOTE 3 The flow coefficient definitions given in 3.6.1 (for K v ) and in 3.6.2 (for C v ) include certain units, nomenclature and temperature values wh

25、ich are not consistent with the parts of IEC 60534 other than IEC 60534-1. These inconsistencies are limited to 3.6.1 and 3.6.2 of this International Standard, and their sole purpose is to illustrate the unique relationships traditionally used in the valve industry. These inconsistencies do not conc

26、ern any parts of IEC 60534 other than IEC 60534-1. ISO 21011:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 3.6.1 flow coefficient K v K vspecial volumetric flow rate calculated in cubic metres per hour (capacity) through a valve, where the static pressure loss across the valve is 0,1 MPa (1 bar) 1) , and t

27、he fluid is water within a temperature range 5 C to 40 C (278 K to 313 K) NOTE The value of K vcan be obtained from test results by means of the following equation: v K v w p KQ p = where Q is the measured volumetric flow rate, in m 3 /h; v K p is the static pressure loss of 0,1 MPa (1 bar); p is th

28、e measured static pressure loss across the valve, in MPa (bar); is the density of the fluid, in kg/m 3 ; w is the density of water, in kg/m 3(1 000 kg/m 3 ). This equation is valid when the flow is turbulent and no cavitation or flashing occurs. 3.6.2 flow coefficient C v C vnon-SI valve coefficient

29、 which is in widespread use worldwide NOTE Numerically, C vis represented as the number of US gallons of water, within a temperature range of 40 F to 100 F, that will flow through a valve in 1 min when a pressure drop of 6 894,76 Pa (1 psi) 2)occurs. For conditions other than these, C vcan be obtain

30、ed using the following equation: v C v w p CQ p = where Q is the measured volumetric flow rate, in US gallons per minute 3) ; is the density of the fluid, in pounds per cubic foot 4) ; w is the density of water within a temperature range of 4 C to 38 C (40 F to 100 F), in pounds per cubic foot; p is

31、 the measurement state pressure loss across the valve, in psi; 1psi v C p = . This equation is valid when the flow is turbulent and no cavitation or flashing occurs. 1) 1 bar = 0,1 MPa. 2) 1 psi = 0,068 948 bar = 6 894,76 Pa. 3) 1 gal (US)/min = 309 x 10 -5m 3 /s. 4) 1 lb/ft 3= 16,018 kg/m 3 . ISO 2

32、1011:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.7 bonnet cylindrical part connecting the valve body to the seal packing chamber 4 Requirements 4.1 Materials 4.1.1 General Materials shall be in conformance with an internationally recognized standard and compatible with the fluid. Galling, frictional hea

33、ting and galvanic corrosion shall be considered in the selection of materials. Materials shall also be oxygen compatible, if relevant (see 4.1.5.1). Materials not listed in an internationally recognized standard shall be controlled by the manufacturer of the valve by a specification ensuring control

34、 of chemical content and physical properties, and ensuring quality at least equivalent to an internally recognized standard. A test certificate providing the chemical content and physical property test results shall be provided with the valve. 4.1.2 Metallic materials Metallic materials to be used i

35、n the construction of cryogenic valves shall meet the requirements of ISO 21028-1 or ISO 21028-2 as appropriate for the rated minimum temperature. These requirements apply only to the valve parts exposed to low temperatures in normal service. Metallic materials which do not exhibit ductile/brittle t

36、ransition and non ferrous materials which can be shown to have no ductile/brittle transition do not require additional impact tests. Forged, rolled, wrought and fabricated valve components from raw materials from these processes need not be impact tested if the rated minimum temperature is higher th

37、an the ductile/brittle transition range temperatures of the material. Castings meeting the requirements of one of the applicable mandatory Appendices I and IV or II and III of ASME B16.34 for forgings and rolled or wrought material, or conforming to equivalent standards, need not be impact tested if

38、 the rated minimum temperature is higher than the ductile/brittle transition range temperatures of the material. When impact testing is required, at least one randomly selected valve body (including bonnet, if applicable) material from each production lot castings shall be impact tested at the rated

39、 minimum temperature. 4.1.3 Non-metallic materials Non-metallic materials are well established only for use in packing and glands and for use for inserts within the plug/stem assembly to provide leak tightness across the seat when the valve is closed. If such materials are to be used for structural

40、parts, they shall have the properties appropriate to the application and conform to ISO 21028-1 or ISO 21028-2, as appropriate to the rated minimum temperature. Non-metallic materials shall also: have mechanical properties that will allow the valve to pass the type approval test for category A valve

41、s defined in 5.1.3.3; be resistant to sunlight, weather and ageing. 4.1.4 Corrosion resistance In addition to resistance to normal atmospheric corrosion, particular care shall be taken to ensure that the valve cannot be rendered inoperative by accumulation of corrosion products. Some copper alloys a

42、re susceptible to stress corrosion cracking; consequently, careful consideration shall be given before selection of these materials for components under stress. ISO 21011:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 4.1.5 Gas material compatibility 4.1.5.1 Oxygen If the rated minimum temperature is equal

43、to or less than the boiling point of air, or if the valve is intended for service with oxygen or oxidizing products, the materials in contact with liquid air or oxidizing products shall be oxygen compatible, in accordance with ISO 21010. 4.1.5.2 Hydrogen For hydrogen service, see ISO 11114-1 and ISO

44、 11114-2. 4.1.5.3 Acetylene Metallic materials shall contain less than 70 % copper if specified for use with mixtures containing acetylene. 4.2 Design 4.2.1 General The valves shall fulfil their function in a safe manner within the temperature range from +65 C to their rated minimum temperature and

45、the pressure range intended for use. Minimum wall thickness values for valve bodies shall be from the appropriate valve standards ISO 10434, ISO 15761, ISO 17292 and ASME B16.34. Bonnet thickness of extended bonnet (extended stem) valves are exempted from meeting the minimum wall thickness requireme

46、nts of these standards. These standards may be used as informative references for design not specifically covered in this International Standard. 4.2.2 Packing gland Valves can have an extended stem and/or an extended bonnet. The length of the extension shall be sufficient to maintain the stem packi

47、ng at a temperature high enough to permit operation within the normal temperature range of the packing material. Valves without an extended stem and/or an extended bonnet shall have a stem packing capable of operating at the specified minimum temperature. The handle shall be designed to remain opera

48、ble for the duration of the sample valve test, in accordance with Clause 5. Gland designs incorporating a gland nut with a male or female thread shall be designed in such a way that they will not loosen unintentionally, e.g. when the valve is operated. 4.2.3 Operating positions Unless otherwise spec

49、ified by the valve manufacturer, valves with extended stem and/or an extended bonnet shall be capable of normal operation in the liquid service with the valve stem at any position from the vertical to 25 above the horizontal. Loads imposed by actuators shall also be considered. 4.2.4 Cavities 4.2.4.1 Trapped liquid Cavities where liquid can be trapped and build up detrimental pressures due to evaporation of the liquid during warming