ASTM D6116-2018 Standard Test Method for Blocking.pdf

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1、Designation: D6116 18Standard Test Method forBlocking1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6116; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year

2、of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-tance of leather to blocking under

3、specific conditions oftemperature, humidity, and pressure. This test method does notapply to wet blue.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, i

4、f any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with interna

5、tionally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AATCC Standard:2AATCC T

6、M15 Colorfastness to Perspiration3. Apparatus3.1 Forced Circulating Hot Air Oven, capable of maintain-ing 80 6 3C.3.2 American Medical Museum Jar (with Lid), having innerdimensions of 16 cm high, 10 cm long, and 8 cm wide. Thereshall be three indentations at the top of each 8 cm side. Otherglass con

7、tainers similar in size may be used, provided they givethe same result.3.3 Petri Dish, 100 by 15 mm, with cover.3.4 Weight, 2000 g.3.5 Perspirometer, consisting of a number of glass plateswhich can be kept in suitable compression loading frame. Anyother apparatus may be used, provided it gives the s

8、ameresults; for example, the AATCC perspirometer tester asdescribed in AATCC TM15, which is commercially available.4. Test Specimen4.1 Test four specimens per sample with dimensions of 2.5by 10 cm. Two samples shall be parallel to the backbone, andtwo samples perpendicular to the backbone. If materi

9、al islimited, one specimen per direction is suitable.5. Procedure5.1 The specimen shall be perforated 2 mm from one endand hung on a standard size paper clip that has been opened toits full length. No more than five specimens shall be hung onone clip. The clip holding the specimen shall be set into

10、theindentations of the jar. No more than three clips shall be placedin a jar. The jar shall be filled with distilled/deionized water at23 6 2C to a level no higher than 1.25 cm from the bottom ofthe hanging specimen. The lid shall then be placed on the jarand the specimen allowed to condition for 4

11、h.5.2 After conditioning, the 2.5 by 10 cm specimen shall beremoved from the jar and immediately folded finish to finish toform a 2.5 by 5 cm rectangle. If the leather is unable to befolded upon itself (too thick or stiff), it may be cut to 2.5 by 5cm sections and placed finish to finish. Follow Met

12、hod 1 orMethod 2 from this section forward.35.3 Method 1 (Petri Dish Method):5.3.1 The folded specimen shall then be placed in aninverted (rim up) petri dish cover. The bottom plate of the dishshall then be placed concentrically within the inverted coverplate so as to cover the specimen evenly.5.3.2

13、 A 2000 g weight shall be placed on top of the invertedbottom plate. The whole assembly shall then be placed in anoven at 80 6 3C for 2 h and then removed. The weight andcover plate shall be removed from the assembly and thespecimen allowed to cool for 30 min.1This test method is under the jurisdict

14、ion of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.05 on Upholstery.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6116 00 (2016).DOI: 10.1520/D6116-18.2Available from Americ

15、an Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215, http:/www.aatcc.org.3DoD has only adopted Method 1.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international stand

16、ard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.3.3

17、The cooled and folded specimen shall be examined byslowly pulling the fold apart by hand. The specimen shall beexamined for ease of separation, grain damage, and finishpeeling.5.4 Method 2 (Perspirometer Method):5.4.1 The finish to finish folded samples (5.2) can alterna-tively be placed between two

18、 glass plates; place the plates inthe apparatus (3.5). Plates made of, for example, poly(methylmethacrylate) are not suitable because in time they maybecome distorted. The construction of the test apparatus shallensure that the pressure is constant during the whole test.5.4.1.1 Any other apparatus m

19、ay be used, provided it givesthe same results; for example, the AATCC perspirometer testeras described in AATCC TM15, which is commercially avail-able.5.4.2 One can also place two samples (5.2) on the sameplate, but care should be taken to increase the weight to 4000g.5.4.3 It is possible to test se

20、veral specimens stacked up onone another simultaneously, but care shall be taken to placeeach centrally between two plates so that pressure is exertedevenly over the specimen surfaces.5.4.4 Load with an approximately 2000 g load weight. Thepressure plate is locked, the weights removed, and the unitl

21、ying on its side is placed in the oven so that the plates andspecimens are vertical.5.4.5 The whole assembly shall then be placed in an oven at80 6 3C for 2 h and then removed. The pressure shall begently released from the assembly and the specimen allowed tocool for 30 min.5.4.6 The cooled specimen

22、 shall be examined by slowlypulling the fold apart by hand. The specimen shall be examinedfor ease of separation, grain damage, and finish peeling.6. Report6.1 Report which method was used.6.2 Report resistance of specimen to blocking by the fol-lowing scale:1Pass. No blocking.2Fail. Finish peeling.

23、7. Precision and Bias7.1 This test method is adopted from the procedures of thefederal government, where it has been in use and where it wasapproved for publication before the inclusion of precision andbias statements was mandated. The original interlaboratory testdata are no longer available. The u

24、ser is cautioned to verify byuse of reference materials, if available, that the precision andbias of this test method is adequate for contemplated use.8. Keywords8.1 blocking; finish; leather; stickingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conne

25、ction with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsi

26、ble technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co

27、nsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100

28、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 PerspirometerD6116 182