2019高考英语考前刷题大卷练（一）.doc

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1、1刷题大卷练(一)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019郑州摸底If youre on the hunt for something new and interesting to read, you have plenty of places to go. This week, were looking at four of the best book recommendation sites, based on your nominations

2、(提名)GoodreadsGoodreads is more than just a book recommendation site, although it excels at helping you find new books to read based on the ones you enjoy. You can build a virtual “shelf” of books you own or have already read, share your progress with the books youre currently reading, rate the books

3、 youve read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers.BookBubWhile BookBub isnt strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you superlow cost books based on your interests every day. The service is free, and when you sign up, you tell BookBub what kinds of books you like to read. From th

4、ere, youll get an email from BookBub every day with book deals for that day. When we say “deal”， we mean it many of BookBubs titles are free entirely, $0.99, or just a couple of bucks.LibraryThingLibraryThing has been around for a long time and is still a great userpowered book rating, review, and r

5、ecommendation site. The service calls itself the worlds largest book club, and thats a lot like the overall feel. Once you sign up, youll be encouraged to start adding books youve read and leave reviews for them. Behind its book ratings and reviews though, LibraryThing is a powerful tool to catalog

6、and organize your entire book collection.OlmentaIf youre not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle (麻烦), Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site. Its a simple list of book

7、covers that the service thinks you should read, and a few genres you can click on if youre looking for something specific, like business, fiction, theatre, poetry, or nonfiction, among others.【文章大意】 该文介绍了四个最佳书籍推荐网站。【难句分析】 While BookBub isnt strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you supe

8、rlow cost books based on your interests every day.分析：本句是一个复合句。While 引导让步状语从句，译为“虽然，尽管” 。本句的主句是一个强调句，即对谓语动词 bring 的强调，助动词 does 单独放在谓语前，谓语用动词原形。译文：尽管严格地说，BookBub 不是一个书籍推荐网站，但是它的确可以根据你的兴趣每天给你提供超低价钱的书籍看。1Which of the following two book recommendation sites ask you to rate and leave reviews?2AGoodreads a

9、nd BookBub.BBookBub and LibraryThing.CLibraryThing and Olmenta.DGoodreads and LibraryThing.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据 Goodreads 部分的最后一句中的“rate the books youve read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers”和LibraryThing 部分的最后一句中的“Behind its book ratings and reviews though”可知，Goodreads 和 LibraryThing 都要求

10、读者评价并留下书评，故选 D。2Which book recommendation site can help you get superlow cost books?AGoodreads. BBookBub.CLibraryThing. DOlmenta.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据 BookBub 部分的第一句“While BookBub isnt strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you superlow cost books based on your interests every day”可知，BookBub

11、 这个网站可以帮助你得到超低价钱的书，故选 B。3If you turn to Olmenta, you _.Aneed to pay moreBneed to add your own booksCdont need to sign upDdont need to look for something specific答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“If youre not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle(麻烦)，Olmenta can

12、suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site”可推知，在 Olmenta 网站，你可省去注册的麻烦，故选 C。B2019西宁检测I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal, eggs and toast. Others had Cokes and candy for

13、lunch, while I had to eat a sandwich. As you can guess, my supper was different than the other kids. But at least I was not alone in my suffering. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times. She had to know who our friends we

14、re and what we were doing. We had to wear clean clothes every day. Other kids always wore their clothes for days. We reached the height of disgrace because she made our clothes herself, just to save money.The worst is yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next mornin

15、g. So while my friends slept, my mother actually had the courage to break the Child Labor Law. She made us work. I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us.Through the years, our friends report cards had beautiful colors on them, black for passing, red for falling. My mot

16、her, however, would merely be content with black marks. None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout.She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults. Using this as a background, Im now trying to bring up my three children. Im filled with pride when my children think I am mean beca

17、use now I thank the meanest mother in the world every day.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。作者用幽默的方式介绍了自己的母亲对自己很苛刻，实际上那是母亲对作者的高要求，也是母亲对孩子们的爱。【难句分析】 Im filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank the meanest mother in the world every day.3分析：when 引导时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中包含一个省略了 that 的宾语从句。because 引导

18、原因状语从句。译文：当我的孩子们认为我很刻薄的时候我很骄傲，因为我现在每天都感谢(我的)世界上最刻薄的母亲。4From the passage we can learn that the writers mother was _.Anot generous at allBvery strict with her childrenCvery mean with money mattersDvery cruel to her children答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据文中的“I had the meanest mother in the world” “My mother insisted

19、 on knowing where we were at all times”及“She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults”这些叙述语言可知，作者的母亲在各个方面对作者他们要求很严格。5Which of the following things did the writer hate to do most?AEating differently from other kids.BWearing clean clothes made by mother.CGoing to bed early and getting up e

20、arly.DLetting mother know where they were.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“The worst is yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next morning”可知，作者认为最糟糕的事情是早睡早起，故答案为 C。6It can be inferred from the passage that _.Athe writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studyBmothe

21、r was punished for breaking the Child Labor LawCall the other kids studied better than the writerDthe writers family lived a miserable life答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据文章第四段中的“black for passing, red for falling. My mother, however, would merely be content with black marks”可知，黑色意味着通过，而红色意味着失败，但是作者的母亲只对黑色满意。这就暗示出

22、作者学习很努力，经常获得高分，故答案为 A。7Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AMother practised economy in running her home.BThe writer is very thankful for her mother.CThe writer is severe with her children when bringing them up.DThe writer has a deep hatred for her mother.答案与解析：B 考查推理判

23、断。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段中的“Im filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank the meanest mother in the world every day”可知，作者感谢世界上最刻薄的母亲。作者用幽默的方式表达了对母亲的感激，并不是讨厌和憎恨，故答案为 B。C2019福州四校联考The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to b

24、e true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep

25、 yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will 4

26、feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old p

27、eople to make play be part of their life as its for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (

28、认知的) falling.Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的

29、好处。【难句分析】 However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as its for children.分析：本句中包含 what 引导的主语从句，that 引导的表语从句。译文：然而，我们经常忘记的是，让玩耍成为生活的一部分对老年人来说就像对孩子们来说一样重要。8What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?APlay

30、ing an important role.BKeeping people in high spirits.CQuickly influencing other people.DPreventing illness from spreading.答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。根据第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectious 在此处意思为

31、迅速影响其他人。9What can laughter increase according to the author?ACognitive ability. BGood relationships.CA sense of humor. DHappiness and trust.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. and you will feel happier just

32、by sharing a smile, even with a stranger”可知，在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。10What does the author think the old should do?AThey should have a good rest.BThey should play like children.CThey should prevent cognitive falling.DThey should take part in physical play.答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“However, what we often fo

33、rget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as its for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与体力活动。11Which of the following would be the best title for the text?AHumor, Laughter and Play for Hea

34、lthBAlways Keep Our Body HealthyCHave an Active and Happy Life5DLet Our Body and Mind Relax答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and pl

35、ay to make our life more active, more interesting and happier”可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。D2019昆明市高三摸底调研测试A new study shows that rising levels of planetwarming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice. In the experiment, scientis

36、ts grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less prot

37、ein (蛋白质). The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.The researchers said the effects of planetwarming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the l

38、east developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia.Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate cha

39、nge and weather extremes will reduce food production. And scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other planetwarming gases threaten food quality.Earlier studies showed that wheat, rice, field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels o

40、f protein and minerals. Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbo

41、n dioxide levels.【文章大意】 本文介绍了温室气体如何减少粮食作物中的营养物质以及降低气候变化对营养物的损害的方法。【难句分析】 Earlier studies showed that wheat，rice，field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals.分析：本句为复合句。主句的主语是 Earlier studies，主句的谓语动词为showed，that 引导宾语从句；宾语从句中的主语“wheat，r

42、ice，field peas and soybeans”后接作定语的过去分词短语“grown under high carbon dioxide conditions” 。译文：之前的研究表明，在高二氧化碳条件下种植的小麦、水稻、红豌豆和大豆都含有较低水平的蛋白质和矿物质。12Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may _.Aincrease iron in the riceBmake it less nutritiousCcause losses of vitamin EDmake it more delicious答案与解析：

43、B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Rice grown under high carbon 6dioxide conditions had，on average,13 to 30 percent lower levels. less protein(蛋白质)”可知，B 项为正确答案。A、C、D 三项的表述均与原文表述不符。13How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change?ABy importing rice from China and Japan.BBy taking other kinds of food inst

44、ead of rice.CBy avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia.DBy growing rice suitable for the environment.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels”可知，D 项为正确答案。14Whats the authors purpose of writing the text?ATo inform readers what nu

45、trients food crops contain.BTo call on people to care for the planet they live on.CTo share the results of some studies on peoples diets.DTo tell readers where food crops are mainly produced.答案与解析：B 考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文通过介绍温室气体增加对粮食作物的影响来唤起人们对人类赖以生存的地球家园的保护。选 B。15In which part of a magazine can you read

46、 the text?AAdvertisements. BArt and culture.CScience reports. DBusiness news.答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。通读全文，尤其是文中的“study” “Researchers”“studies”等可推知，本文是一篇研究报道，在科学报道部分能读到本文。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019湖北省七市联考Do teenagers know how to sleep? If youre the parent of teen

47、s, you might be laughing to yourself. Thats all they know how to do. In truth, teens might not know enough about how to sleep, when to sleep and why. _16_.Just as we focus on our diets and exercise for health, we need to consider sleep necessary to our mental, physical and psychological health. “Goo

48、d” sleep is sleep that is long enough to allow your brain to remove the side effects of daytime brain activity. Consistent bed times and wakeup times are the key to keeping our sleep cycles. _17_.Teens are social creatures, and the most attractive social “gathering” place these days is on their digi

49、tal devices. _18_. Ideally, we should avoid blue light for at least half an hour before bed. But social media and homework that requires screen time mean too many kids are powering up their devices when their bodies should be powering down for the night._19_. Equally contributing to sleep issues are eating too late, taking naps, and failing to get enough exercise. In other words, these people never learned