（江苏专用）2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破4推理判断_细节推断题优选习题.doc

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1、1四、推理判断 细节推断题It was already midnight and I was walking quickly out of Recovery Room，knowing I had to be back early next morning.Though in a hurry，I noticed a lone woman with an anxious look on her face.As it turned out，her daughter-in-law had just been transferred to Intensive Care，so I decided to t

2、ake her up there.Down the hall，she stated， “I bet youre trying to leave，arent you？” I confirmed her observation，adding that it was quite all right.We soon arrived，and upon talking with the patients nurse，I was able to let her in right away.She turned to me and said， “Thank you，you will be blessed.”T

3、he next day，on my way home after my day shift，I noticed a voice mail from my sister in Rochester，which gave me an uneasy feeling.I had to pull off the road as I listened to her message：“Mom had a stroke；shes in the hospital and the Neurologist said it doesnt look good.” My mind darted back to the wo

4、rds I had heard the night before as I cried out with anger：“This is a blessing？”The following day I flew up to Rochester.My brother picked me up from the airport and we soon arrived at the hospital.I walked into my moms room and she looked as if I had never seen her before.Her usual bright smile was

5、 replaced with a look of emptiness.All at once the cruel reality of the signs and symptoms 2of a fresh stroke were there，but I wasnt the instructor，I was just a family member. My mom seemed to recognize me，and I fought back tears as I told her how much I loved her.Over the next five days， my mom mad

6、e unexpected progress，as she began to speak a few words，slowly and almost painfully.With each milestone，it seemed the nurses and aides were almost as excited as we were.Everyone，without exception，treated my mom with kindness and compassion.I think the event that will stay in my memory forever occurr

7、ed on my moms fourth day.It was time to repeat the swallowing study to assess if my mom could start eating.All four of us siblings hung together in the waiting room，nervous，our eyes shifting constantly to the door of 2607，anticipating and desperately hoping for good news.As her door opened，the thera

8、pist came out with a smile；we instantly knew she had good news，and we collectively breathed a sigh of relief.Five days after her stroke，my mom was ready for transfer to a rehabilitation facility，and I was headed back down South.With a very heavy heart，I said goodbye to my mom and the staff from the

9、Stroke Unit.On the way back home，I had plenty of time to think about my own experiences as a Recovery Room nurse.I could envision the smiles on so many of the faces of our patients as they leave our unit.I was also reminded of the fact that we as health care givers have a certain power：we can add to

10、 the stress of a patients hospital experience，or we can be the one ray of sunshine that leaves a smile on their face.Truly，there will always be the pain of knowing that my mom had a stroke，but my memories will always be tempered by the thoughtful care she received in the Stroke Unit.I have since ref

11、lected on the words of gratitude spoken to me a week earlier by the visitor I took to the ICU.Yes，I was blessed；it was the kind of blessing that will warm my heart forever.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，作者的母亲轻度中风，作者表现出无助，在医院里每个人和病人的共鸣产生与众不同的效果，母亲康复，作者永远记住这温暖的祝福。31What actually made the author uneasy?AThat she had to

12、 listen to a voice mail from her sister.BThat she didnt believe the blessing she had heard.CThat she sensed something wrong with her mom.DThat she must fly up to Rochester the next day.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The next day，on my way home after my day shift，I noticed a voice mail from my sister in Roches

13、ter，which gave me an uneasy feeling.I had to pull off the road as I listened to her message：Mom had a stroke；shes in the hospital. ”可知，是她感觉妈妈可能身体不舒服，这使她不安。故选 C。2By “I wasnt the instructor，I was just a family member”，the author was trying to show .Asympathy BhelplessnessCanger Drespect答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据

14、第三段倒数第二句“All at once the cruel reality of the signs and symptoms of a fresh stroke were there，but I wasnt the instructor，I was just a family member.”可知，作者感到非常无助。故选 B。3What can we infer from Paragraph 4?AStroke recovery usually takes five days.BEmpathy(共鸣) with patients makes a difference.CThe author

15、 has been mentally prepared.DHer mothers case was beyond expectation.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句“With each milestone，it seemed the nurses and aides were almost as excited as we were.Everyone，without exception，treated my mom with kindness and compassion.I think the event that will stay in my memory forev

16、er occurred on my moms fourth day.”可知，和病人的4共鸣会产生与众不同的效果。故选 B。4According to the passage，the author ended with a blessing.Aspiritual BmixedCdisguised Dmaterial答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Yes，I was blessed；it was the kind of blessing that will warm my heart forever.”可知，作者以一种精神上的祝福而结束。故选 A。一、题型解读细节推理判断题要求考生

17、根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(作出结论)和 assume(假定，设想)。该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：1It can be inferred from the text that .2We can learn from the passage that .3It can be concl

18、uded from the passage that .4The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that .二、解题技巧关键词句细推敲第一步：定位细节根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息(关键词语)。第二步：揣摩细节对原文中的信息进行分析，推理判断，利用逆向思维和正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。注意：1.切勿拿文章中的某一个细节内容作为推理的结论。2勿脱离原文而凭个人看法主观臆断。例如： 感悟体会 中的 3题：根据第四段第三、四句“With each milestone，it seemed the nurses and ai

19、des were almost as excited as we were.Everyone，without 5exception，treated my mom with kindness and compassion.I think the event that will stay in my memory forever occurred on my moms fourth day.”可知，和病人的共鸣会产生与众不同的效果。故选 B。AFive weeks ago I had a total hip replacement surgery(髋关节置换手术)In Canada，we have

20、 great healthcare system.That means we get our new hips for free.My hip had been hurting me for years before I went to the doctor.Of course，it was free.She referred me to a surgeon，but the earliest appointment was in 10 months.That is what being free gets you.Ten months later，after some free X-rays，

21、the surgeon told me I needed a surgery，which was about an 18-month wait，for some senior citizens had been on the operation list.Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeons office.Walking through the hospital，I thought about the situation.As the 1breadwinner of a large family，I couldnt wa

22、it that long，so I had to get to the front line.I was fully aware of what a Canadian should be like (Canadians are usually considered gentle and caring)，but this time I really needed to fight for myself.At that very moment，in the shop window of the hospital，I saw a sign which read， “Volunteers Needed

23、.” Suddenly，an idea occurred to meI would get the job.Fortunately，they 2signed me up immediately because the average age of the volunteers at the hospital was 75.They were desperate for some young blood.Every Friday morning， I was at the shop.While seeing the hospital 5staff，Id 3casually ask， “What

24、do you do？” Then Id tell them， “Well，Im getting my hip replacedin 18 months.Its going to be so great when the pain stops.” Soon，all the staff got to know me.Naturally，in my next appointment，the surgeon recognized me.Moments later，I had a surgery date just weeks away.I had to say it was actually my v

25、olunteering that got me to the front of 6the line.And Im not ashamed of it，for I intend to stick with the volunteering.Also，even when I cheated the system，I did it in a way that benefits society.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者需要做髋关节置换手术，在加拿大这种手术是免费的，但是需要等待很长时间，作者不能等待那么长的时间。于是她开始做志愿者接触医院的人，最终外科的员工也认识了作者，提前为她做了手术。作者

26、认为尽管她欺骗了制度，但是她是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事，是一笔公平的交易。1What can we infer from the second paragraph?AShe felt rather disappointed.BShe couldnt walk because of the pain.CShe was too scared to have the surgery.DShe didnt believe what the surgeon said.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“She referred me to a surgeon，but the earli

27、est appointment was in 10 months.”和最后两句“Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeons office.”可知，作者要免费做髋关节置换手术需要等待很长时间，作者慢吞吞地走出外科门诊。因此推断她感到非常失望。故选 A。2Why did the writer decide to be a volunteer?ATo donate blood to the hospital.BTo get her new hip free of charge.CTo receive some tiny gifts

28、from others.DTo approach the doctor for an early surgery.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，作者做志愿活动时，看到医院里的职员就和他们闲谈，告诉他们自己非常希望做髋关节置换手术，很快，所有的员工都认识了她，自然外科的员工也认识了她，数周之后，她就进行了手术。因此推断作者做志愿者是为了接近医生早做手术。故选 D。3What did the author think of her cheating?7AIt was a shame. BIt was a pride.CIt was beneficial. DIt was a

29、fair 7deal.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“And Im not ashamed of it，for I intend to stick with the volunteering.Also，even when I cheated the system，I did it in a way that benefits society.”可知，作者并不感到羞愧，因为即使她欺骗了系统，她也是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事。因此推断作者认为她的欺骗是一笔公平的交易。故选 D。4Which can be the best title for the text?AHow I

30、Got My New HipBThe Doctor Who Saved My LifeCHow to Be a Volunteer in HospitalDThe Problem of Canada Healthcare System答案 A解析 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，作者需要做髋关节置换手术，在加拿大这种手术是免费的，但是需要等待很长时间，作者不能等待那么长的时间。于是她开始做志愿者接触医院的人，最终外科的员工也认识了作者，提前为她做了手术。作者认为尽管她欺骗了制度，但是她是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事，是一笔公平的交易。因此推断 A项“我如何得到我的新髋关节的”为最佳标题。故选

31、A。 BRecycling is essential in todays world.The most important reason for this is that human progress and industry have made it possible for people to have lots of things，and when people have many material possessions，they are bound to throw some of them away.This creates a lot of garbage which in tu

32、rn destroys the environment.Recycling is a way for us to keep the world clean as 8items are broken down and used again，preventing the littering of the environment.Instead of throwing all your garbage into the trash can，you should separate paper，metal，glass，and plastic into different containers.Compo

33、st should also be recycled as this is excellent food for farm animals and also makes for great 8fertilizer(肥料)You should try to buy products that have been recycled.You can see if an item has been made from recycled materials by its label; if its been recycled，it will say so.Also，instead of always b

34、uying new clothes，you can arrange to have a clothing 6swap with your friends.You bring clothes you dont want and pick items you want from what other people have brought.Not only does this save the environment，but it also saves your pocketbook.Remember，what is one persons junk can be someone elses tr

35、easure! The saying can be applied to all sorts of things：books，CDs，furniture，etc.Also，try shopping at second-hand stores，because they often have lots of items still in good shape for you to choose.Many countries have made it easy for people to recycle，as alongside the normal garbage trucks，special g

36、arbage trucks come and pick up recyclable materials.However，in many countries around the world the responsibility is left up to the 4individual to recycle.Therefore，it must be made a priority(优先考虑的事) in society so we can continue to make our environment livable.语篇解读 在当今世界，回收是必不可少的。本文作者主要就回收提供了几点建议并呼

37、吁每个人都应该对回收负起责任。5Why is more waste being made in todays world?APeople dislike the updated items.BPeople own abundant belongings.CPeople intend to live a simple life.DPeople have made great progress in industry.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The most important reason for this is that human progress and industr

38、y have made it possible for people to have lots of things，and when people have many material possessions，they are bound to throw some of them away.”可知，现在人们拥有丰富的物品。故选 B。96What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AExchanging clothes with friends.BShopping at second-hand stores.CThr

39、owing away old clothes.DPicking up new items.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Also，instead of always buying new clothes，you can arrange to have a clothing swap with your friends.”可知，this 指的是“和朋友交换衣服” 。故选 A。7To make the environment enjoyable，we should .Aalways buy new clothesBchoose recyclable productsCgo shoppin

40、g at chain storesDarrange more garbage trucks答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“You should try to buy products that have been recycled.”可知，你应该试着去买那些已经被回收的产品。故选 B。8What can we learn from the last paragraph?AGovernments do nothing in recycling.BNormal vehicles can pick up recyclable materials.CThe individual seldo

41、m cares about recycling.DEveryone should feel socially responsible for recycling.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“However，in many countries around the world the responsibility is left up to the individual to recycle.Therefore，it must be made a priority(优先考虑的事) in society so we can continue to make our enviro

42、nment livable.”可知，作者呼吁每个人都应该对回收负起责任。故选 D。10.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1Will you expect to live along traditional lines：woman as homemaker and man as breadwinner？养家糊口的人2He signed up as a flight attendant with Korean Air.签约3Nobody can casually succeed；it comes from the thorough self-control and th

43、e will.随意地；随便地4At best they only care about their lives as individual cells，but they fail to assume responsibility for the health of the larger body.个人的，个体的(二)同义词语替换5If you drop something into the track，please contact the station staff.workers6I know a sculptor who swaps her pieces for drawings by a

44、 well-known artist.exchanges(三)一词多义7deal n交易，买卖；协议； v.处理；对待；做生意(1)They made a deal to sell the land to a property developer.协议(2)You should deal with him more politely.对待(3)So how do we deal with these new challenges? 处理(4)The cost was simply too high，so the deal fell through.交易，买卖8item n项目，条款；物品；一则

45、消息(1)He opened the cardboard box and took out each item.物品(2)We went on to the next item on the agenda.项目，条款(3)There was an item in the paper about him.一则消息.长难句理解111Ten months later，after some free X-rays，the surgeon told me I needed a surgery，which was about an 18-month wait，for some senior citizen

46、s had been on the operation list.句式分析 本句话的主干部分为 the surgeon told me I needed a surgery。I needed a surgery为省略了 that的宾语从句；which was about.为 which引导的非限制性定语从句；for 表原因，前后构成并列句。精美译文 十个月以后，做了免费的 X光片后，医生告诉我我需要手术需要等 18个月，因为手术单子已列有很多老年人。2The most important reason for this is that human progress and industry h

47、ave made it possible for people to have lots of things，and when people have many material possessions，they are bound to throw some of them away.句式分析 本句话为并列句结构，第一个句子是主系表结构，表语为表语从句，从句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 to have lots of things；第二个句子也是复合句，其中when people have many material possessions为时间状语从句。精美译文 这其中最重要的原因是人

48、类的进步和工业使人们拥有很多东西成为可能，并且当人们拥有很多物质财富时，他们一定会扔掉一些。专题强化练(十九).单项填空1The language in the companys statement is highly ，thus making its staff confused.Aambiguous BapparentCappropriate Daggressive答案 A解析 句意为：公司的声明中用的语言非常含糊，因此使得职员们非常困惑。ambiguous 含糊的，不明确的；apparent 明显的；appropriate 适当的；aggressive 有进取心的。由后面的“making

49、 its staff confused”可知，公司的声明非常的含糊。故 A选项正确。2The Tang Dynasty is generally regarded as a golden chapter by people 12worldwide， the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries.Awhere BwhenCwhich Dwho答案 B解析 句意为：唐朝被世界范围的人们认为是一个黄金时期，在这个时期，中国文明影响了很多邻近的国家。 “ the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries”是非限制性定语从句，修饰 the Tang Dynasty，引导词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词 when引导该从句。B 选项正确。3How was you