山西省沁县中学2017_2018学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）.doc

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1、- 1 -沁县中学 2017-2018学年度第二学期期末考试高二英语答题时间：120 分钟，满分：150 分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60分 ）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 3分，满分 45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe NutcrackerTime: May 5Place: Wuhan TheaterEnjoy a fairy tale come to life with this amazing production, presented by the famous Russian State Ball

2、et. The ballet tells the story of a little girl who receives a nutcracker as a present on Christmas Eve. Suddenly, it transforms into a little prince, and he takes the girl on a voyage through the Land of Snow. This production is a superb performance which lived up to the mystery of the charming Rus

3、sian classic.Hello SadnessTime: Ongoing until May 1Place: Shanghai Art TheaterThis play is adapted from the 1954 French novel Bonjour Tristesse, written by Francoise Sagan when she was only 18. The story is about a 17-year-old girl, Cecile, who lives with her father Raymond. When Raymond finally dec

4、ides to settle down with a woman, Cecile worries about how her life will change, and she tries to destroy the marriage. Be prepared for a sad ending.Rain ZoneTime: Ongoing until June 19Place: Zhujiang Party Pier Beer Culture numerous “missing“ species not yet declared extinct; and the fact that pres

5、ent extinction rates were not calculated using the proper baseline date for when the species was first described.Taking these points into consideration, the extinction rate is closer to one bird species per year, says Pimm, the leading author of the study. And the rate could be three times as high a

6、s that if not for recent bird preservation efforts.In previous centuries, bird extinctions took place mainly on islands as Polynesian peoples expanded into the Pacific or Europeans took over the Americas, wiping out birds along the way.In recent years, scientists are seeing an increased number of ex

7、tinctions on continents, again because of human activities. Habitat destruction, introduction of invasive species, and climate change combine to harm many bird species. Before human influence, the estimated rate of bird extinctions would have been only one species per hundred years, researchers esti

8、mate.Bird extinction rates are slower than for most animals, mainly because humans do more harm to other species and people take special efforts to protect birds. Still, if the present trends continue, the researchers estimate that the bird extinction rate will continue to climb to as many as 10 spe

9、cies per year,8. The underlined word “skyrocket“ in the first paragraph meansA. fly highB. appear soonC. increase quicklyD. change regularly9. According to Pimm, the extinction rate of birds is_.A. one species per hundred yearsB. one species every year- 8 -C. three species per yearD. ten species eve

10、ry year10. What can we infer from the fifth and sixth paragraphs?A. Humans have started destroying bird habitat in recent years.B. Humans are doing more harm to animals than to birds.C. Humans have made no effort to protect birds.D. Humans are responsible for the bird extinctions.11. What might be t

11、he best title for the passage?A. Humans Fighting against Bird ExtinctionB. Humans Responsibilities for Bird ProtectionC. Bird Extinction Rates Far Worse Than RealizedD. Bird Extinction Occurring on Islands and Continents【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。讲述了鸟类灭绝现状的严重性，分析了导致此现状的原因。【8 题详解】猜测词义题。句

12、意：更糟糕的是，如果人类活动继续,鸟灭绝率可能飙升，12%的已知鸟类可能到本世纪末灭绝。“skyrocket“指的是飞涨，飙升，与 increase quickly同义，故选 C。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 Taking these points into consideration, the extinction rate is closer to one bird species per year, says Pimm,可知 Pimm认为鸟类每年的灭绝率接近一种，故选 B。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中Polynesian peoples expanded into t

13、he Pacific or Europeans took over the Americas, wiping out birds along the way.第六段中 an increased number of extinctions on continents, again because of human activities.及人类影响前后鸟类灭绝的对比可知，这两段告诉我们人类的行为造成了鸟类灭绝，应该为此负责。故选 D。【11 题详解】- 9 -标题判断题。根据首段 Birds enjoy a relatively slow rate of extinction but a new

14、study suggests that rate might be severely underestimated.和下文对鸟类灭绝的现状及原因分析可知，本文主要讲述的是鸟类灭绝的严重情况，不是讲述人类的保护。C 项 Bird Extinction Rates Far Worse Than Realized鸟类的灭绝率远比意识到的要糟糕，既能概括全文又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。故选 C。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两

15、种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。小题 4根据首段 Birds enjoy a relatively slow rate of extinction but a new study suggests that rate might be severely underestimated.和下文对鸟类灭绝的现状及原因分析可知，本文主要讲述的是鸟类灭绝的严重情况，不是讲述人类的保护。C 项 Bird Extinction Rates Far Worse Than Realized鸟类的灭绝率远比意识到的要糟糕，既能概括全文又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。DThere was a

16、time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier: “Paper or plastic?” Well, which type of bag would you choose?While all types of bags have some influence on the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. T

17、hey are made from a renewable source, break down easily, burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled. However, the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this be true?Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energ

18、y as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags, which happens to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly. In terms

19、 of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.- 10 -Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be con

20、sidered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, for example, a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.Theres no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these b

21、ags. However, we dont seem to be doing that at present. That may be because they fall apart quickly. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still, their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that w

22、e first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment?”12. The questions in Paragraph 1 are used to .A. express the authors doubtsB. tell readers how to save moneyC. introduce points for discussionD. show the kindness of the cashier13. Compared with plastic

23、bags, paper bags .A. need more water to produceB. require less energy to recycleC. take more time to break downD. have less influence on forests14. The underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ”.A. shared B. given upC. discussed D. put forward15. Which question does the author pro

24、bably hope the cashier will ask?A. Paper or cloth? B. Paper or plastic?C. A small bag or big one? D. A new bag or your own one?【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】文章列举了一些数据来说明纸和塑料哪种更环保，研究显示，纸袋无论生产或回收都比塑料- 11 -袋耗费更多的水，所以在售货员问要纸袋还是塑料袋，我们更应该想想我们能为环境做些什么。【12 题详解】目的意图题。文章第一段说到去超市购物，售货员最后问我们“用纸袋还是塑料袋”的问题，引出下文关

25、于环保的讨论，故可知第一段的问题被用来引出下文要介绍的话题。故选 C。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的数据 Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher.（研究显示纸袋的生产需要塑料袋生产的四倍的能源。被用来生产纸袋的用水量比生产塑料袋用水量高 20倍。 ）可知，与塑料袋相比，纸袋的生产需要更多的水。故选

26、 A。【14 题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子 In terms of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.（就回收而言，纸袋比塑料袋更环保的想法可以被很快的 discard。研究显示，回收塑料比回收纸节省 98%的能源。 ）可知，

27、这里 discard的意思是“放弃” ，故选 B。【15 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后的内容 How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment?”（我们应该怎样回答“纸袋还是塑料袋”的问题呢？似乎我们首先需要问自己一个更常规的问题“我应该做什么来帮助环境呢？”可推知，作者希望收银员问的问题是“新袋子还是自己的

28、袋子？” ，因为这样对环境有帮助，故选 D。【名师点睛】细节理解题属于直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于高考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。比如文章第 2题，首先根据题干中的 Compared with与作比较，以及选项内容可知这里要找到关于纸袋和塑料袋关于能源消耗以及对环境影响作对比的内容，根据第三段的 Studies - 12 -show的内容可知，这里通过研究显示对比了塑料袋和纸袋的能源使用以及环保的问题，再结合句子的详细内容 paper bag

29、production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. （纸袋的生产需要塑料袋生产的四倍的能源。被用来生产纸袋的用水量比生产塑料袋用水量高 20倍。另外对森林的影响也是很严重的） ，可判断答案 A（纸袋的生产需要更多的水）是用另一种方式表达了文章中的句子。故 A正确。第二节

30、(共 5小题;每小题 3分,满分 15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some people get pleasure from picnics and tours. Others like to discuss various topics and find pleasure in it. But the reading of books provides us with such pleasure as we do not get from any other activity.Books are written by learned

31、people. They contain the best experiences and thoughts of their writers. Writers put in their books not only their own ideas and feelings, but also what they observe and find in society._16_If we are in a cheerful mood, our joy is increased by reading._17_They provide us with the best advice and gui

32、dance in our difficulties. Indeed, books are our best friends as they help us in our hour of need._18_They entertain us in our spare moments. Good novels, books on poetry and short stories, give us great enjoyment. At times we become so absorbed in our books that we forget even our important arrange

33、ments. Loneliness is no trouble for a reader._19_They give us sound moral advice. It is through the reading of books that we learn what to love and what to hate. The reading of good books develops and improves our character. It was the English author Bacon who said that reading makes a full man. No

34、one can question the truth of this saying._20_Some books are such that instead of doing any good, they do harm to the readers. So it is the reading of good books alone that presents us the greatest benefit.- 13 -A. Books keep us well-informed.B. Books contain grains of wisdom.C. When we are alone, b

35、ooks are our best friends.D. Books enable us to know the best of the colorful world.E. When we are in a depressed mood, books comfort our troubled minds.F. But we cannot get full advantage from reading, if our choice is not good.G. By reading books written by great thinkers, we come in contact with

36、their minds.【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. F【解析】一些人从野餐和旅游中获得乐趣，另一些人喜欢讨论不同的话题并从中找到乐趣，但是读书能让我们获得从其他活动中得不到的快乐。【16 题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。由空前的“Books are written by learned people“ “Writers put in their books not only their own ideas and feelings, but also what they observe and find in society“可知，G 项“通过阅读伟大的思想

37、者写的书，我们能与他们的思想交流“符合语境，本段都是讲阅读有学问的人写的书带给人的益处，故选 G。【17 题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。根据上文中的“If we are in a cheerful mood, our joy is increased by reading“及下文中的“They provide us with the best advice and guidance in our difficulties“help us in our hour of need“可推知，接下来要说的是一种与前面相反的情况，故 E项“When we are in a depressed mood

38、, books comfort our troubled minds“符合语境，当我们处于消沉的情绪中时，书才会帮助我们。故选 E。【18 题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。本段中的“Loneliness is no trouble for a reader（对读者来说孤单不是问题）“暗示本空选 C项，“当我们独自一人时，书是我们最好的朋友“。故选 C。【19 题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。空后讲的都是读书的好处，总结起来就是：读书能给人以智慧。- 14 -故选 B。【20 题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。空前句子说的是读书的好处，空后说的却是一些书对读者有害。故空处要填一个能起承上启下作用的

39、句子，只有 F（但是，如果我们的选择不好的话，我们就不能获得读书的充分益处。 ）项符合语境。故选 F。第二部分 语言知识运用第一节 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 2分，满分 40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In 1994 I was in the midst of a depression (抑郁症）. When I was depressed, I_21_. One day I was clearing up the rooms and found a CD covered with_22_. I wiped it of

40、f, put it in the_23_and started washing dishes. A mans voice, reading poetry,_24_my house. The sound of the speakers voice and the words of the poems reached something deep inside me. I stopped and_25_I began to take poems into my _26_, not simply reading them, but developing rich relationships with

41、 the_27_I learned many by heart. They became my therapy (治疗）and_28_. Those poems made me wiser and healthier._29_, in the fall of 2008, poetry_30_me in a way I had never expected. I had put all my_31_in a small, local fund (基金).Two months later, the leader of the fund left me a message: “The financi

42、al crisis_32_our fund particularly hard. We ve lost everything.”I stood there,_33_.Suddenly I heard a poem,_34_, called Kindness in my mind. It felt like the poem had been written for me_35_, for this exact moment, like the perfect helper_36_on the scene at the instant of an accident. Kindness becam

43、e my _37_I read it before going to bed, and at breakfast every morning. It reminded me that this was not a_38_, but a path to sympathy, and I was not walking alone. Even now, I_39_Kindness several times a week to carry me_40_ the heart of what really matters to me.- 15 -21. A. ran B. slept C. cleane

44、d D. sang22. A. dust B. paper C. clothes D. bedding23. A. drawer B. player C. washer D. fridge24. A. swept B. occupied C. decorated D. filled25. A. wept B. left C. laughed D. listened26. A. home B. life C. class D. mind27. A. tunes B. rhymes C. words D. CDs28. A. medicine B. food C. assistance D. at

45、tention29. A. Still B. Yet C. Then D. Soon30. A. surprised B. impressed C. warned D. rescued31. A. faith B. savings C. hope D. expenses32. A. hit B. blew C. pushed D. pressed33. A. fearless B. thankless C. breathless D. defenseless34. A. by coincidence B. out of nowhere C. in the distance D. by acci

46、dent35. A. immediately B. sincerely C. casually D. personally36. A. reading B. arriving C. walking D. escaping37. A. homework B. religion C. prayer D. memory38. A. mistake B. lesson C. comfort D. tragedy39. A. reach for B. dream of C. refer to D. meet with40. A. for B. with C. off D. into【答案】21. C 2

47、2. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D【解析】文章讲述作者曾经是抑郁症患者，但在无意中听到一首诗歌后，作者喜欢上诗歌，并在诗歌的熏陶下，走出抑郁，走向新生活。【21 题详解】考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。A. ran跑；B. slept睡觉；C. cleaned清洁；D. sang唱歌。根据下句 One day I was clearing up the rooms(一天当我在清洁房间时)，可推知，- 16 -

48、当我感到抑郁时，我就会打扫。故选 C。【22 题详解】考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。A. dust灰尘；B. paper纸；C. clothes衣服；D. bedding寝具。联系下句 I wiped it off （我把它擦干净）可知，我发现的这张 CD被灰尘覆盖。故选 A。【23 题详解】考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。A. drawer抽屉，开票人；B. player比赛者，演奏者，播放器；C. washer洗衣机，洗涤者；D. fridge冰箱。联系下句 A mans voice, reading poetry（一个男士的声音读着诗）可知，我把这张 CD擦干净放到播放器里。故选 B。【2

49、4 题详解】考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。A. swept 打扫，清理；B. occupied 占据，占用，使从事；C. decorated装饰，装修，装潢；D. filled使充满。句意：一位读着诗的男士的声音充满了整个房间。D 项符合语境。【25 题详解】考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。A. wept流泪，悲哀；B. left离开；C. laughed笑；D. listened听。联系上句 The sound of the speakers voice and the words of the poems reached something deep inside me.（说话者的声音以及诗的语句触及到我内心深处的东西。 ）可知，这时我应该是停下来且流泪，故选 A。