2019高考英语基础保分篇第六讲情态动词讲与练新人教版.doc

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1、1第六讲 情态动词李仕才第一课时 知识过关课2主要用法 典型例句表能力“能，会”I can answer the question.我能回答这个问题。表请求“能，可以”Can you help me with it？能帮我一下吗？表允许“能，可以”Can I read your newspaper？我能看看你的报纸吗？提建议“可以”You can ask Mr.Li about it.这件事你可以问问李先生。can/could表可能性：可能(问句或否定句)That cant be Mary.Shes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽，她住院了。What can they be doing

2、？他们可能在干什么呢？表允许You may come if you wish.你愿意来可以来。表可能This coat may be Peters.这件大衣可能是彼得的。may/might表祝愿 May you succeed！祝你成功！表必要“必须” I must study hard.我必须努力学习。表坚持“偏要，非要”Must you make so much noise？你非得弄出这么多噪音吗？表不可避免“必定会” All men must die.人总有一死。must表推断“一定、准是”You must be tired after your long walk.你走了那么远的路，一

3、定累了。shall在疑问句中征求意见(主语是第一，第三人称)Shall we begin now？我们现在开始，好吗？Shall he wait for you outside？要不3要他在外面等你？表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告等You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你过生日一定得有件新衣。(主语是第二、第三人称)表示强制，意为“必须，应该”Each competitor shall wear a number.每个参赛者要戴一个号码。(在法令、规章中)表示责任或义务He should work harder.他应该更加努力。(意为：应

4、该，应当)表示推断“可能，该”He should arrive soon.他可能很快就到了。(will probably)表示“竟然”Its strange that he should be late.真奇怪，他竟会迟到。表示不感兴趣、惊讶 How should I know？我怎么知道呢？should表示“万一”(条件句)If I should be free tomorrow，I would come.万一明天有空，我就来。表示愿意He will take you home.他愿意送你回家。表示请求Will/Would you go with me？你愿意和我一起去吗？表示真理“总是”O

5、il will float on water.油总是浮在水面上。表示过去的习惯He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住乡下时总是早起。表示要求“一定”You will report to me afterward.你稍后一定要向我报告。will/would表示目前情况的预测“一定，大概”This will be the house youre looking for.这大概就是你要找的房子。4读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分。思考：各个情态动词的含义；什么情况下用情态动词的完成式，分别表达什么含义。Lucy i

6、s an outgoing lady. She can1 play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she could2 play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She says that she has_to3 do some sports because she must4 keep slim.“You shall 5 get fat soon if you dont take exercise every

7、 day. ” she usually says to her friends.As for her, an elegant lady should6 try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she might 7 put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight. And these days she is always thinking that she may8 succeed soon if she tries all her best. Howeve

8、r, she is always lack of time because she ought_to9 take care of her children.One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late. On her way, she thought that the dancing must_have_begun10, and the coach could_have_taught_or_shown11 many new moves

9、. She was afraid that her friends might_have_left12 before she got there. She was regretful then. She should_have_had13 supper earlier, or she could_have_taken_a_taxi14, and indeed she neednt_have_taken15 a bath in advance.When she reached the park finally, she found nobody was there. She remembered

10、 suddenly that it had been reported on the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night.1.can 在此表示能力。2.could 在此表示能力，是 can 的过去式。3.have to 表示“不得不” ，强调客观需要。4.must 表示“必须” ，强调主观想法。5.shall 表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告等，用于陈述句的第二、第三人称。6.should 表示劝告或建议，意为“应该” 。7.might 在此是 may 的过去式，表示“可能” 。58.may 表示“可能” 。9.ought to

11、“应该” ，表示义务或责任，比 should 语气重。10.must have done 表示对过去已经发生的事进行推测，意为“想必已经做了某事” 。11.could have done 表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能已经做了某事” 。12.might have done 表示“或许已经做了某事” 。13.should have done 表示“本应该做某事(但没有做)” ，有责备和懊悔之意。14.could have done 意为“本来可以做某事(但没有做)” ，有懊悔之意。15.neednt have done 表示做了本来不必去做的事情，意为“本不必做某事(但却做了)” 。.单句填空

12、(用 must, can, may, might，shall, should, cant, neednt, mustnt填空。)1.I neednt worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.2.Just be patient. You cant expect the world to change so soon.3.May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you mustnt. You read it here.4.You mustnt pa

13、rk here! Its an emergency exit.5.I cant leave. She told me that I must stay here until she comes back.6.I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He may/might not come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.7.It must have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only

14、 one with a car.8.The traffic is heavy this day; I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?9.It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be rather cold sometimes.10.She cant have left school, for her bike is still here.6.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)1.I used t

15、o living in Hunan but now I live in Guangzhou.livinglive2.She could sang very well when she was a girl.sangsing3.Youd better to wear rubbers, for its raining outside.去掉 to4.I would rather to work than play.去掉 to5.I asked him whether he needs go there.needsneed6.Something is wrong with my computer an

16、d it need repairing.needneeds7.I can have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me？cancould8.She should able to give us a good answer.在 able 前加 be9.Judging from what you say, he ought succeed.在 ought 后加 to10.You mustnt have told him the news; he knew it already.mustntneednt第二课时 写作增分课 情态动词在写作中的增分点一、利

17、用情态动词的语法特征写对句子1.他能游过那条河。(can, swim, across the river)He_can_swim_across_the_river.2.她可能反对这件事。(may, object to)She_may_object_to_it.3.他必须不遗余力学好英语。(must, spare no effort, learn English well)He_must_spare_no_effort_to_learn_English_well.4.我明年就能开车了。(will, be able to, drive a car)I_will_be_able_to_drive_a

18、_car_next_year.5.我不会再迟到了。(wont, late)I_wont_be_late_again.6.你最好尽你最大努力，来实现父母对你的期望。(had better, try ones best, live up to, expectations)You_had_better_try_your_best_to_live_up_to_your_parents_expectations.7.你不必告诉他什么。(need/have to)7You_neednt_tell_him_anything./You_dont_have_to_tell_him_anything.8.她不敢单

19、独在夜里出去。(dare, alone)She_darent_go_out_at_night_alone./She_doesnt_dare_to_go_out_at_night_alone.二、利用情态动词的推测性用法写靓句子1.我家乡春天的天气相当暖和，但有时也会非常得冷。(weather, fairly warm, can, extremely cold)The_weather_in_my_hometown_is_fairly_warm_in_spring,_but_it_can_be_extremely_cold_sometimes.2.你在山路上开车时一定要小心，因为有时可能很危险。(

20、drive down the mountainous road)You_must_be_careful_when_you_drive_down_the_mountainous_road,_because_it_can_be_dangerous.3.我明天或许不会去看你，因为我的叔叔明天可能来。(might, call on, drop in)I_might_not_call_on_you_tomorrow,_because_my_uncle_might_drop_in.4.现在，他不可能在和他的同学一起旅游。相反，他一定是在家里学习。(tour with, study)At_the_momen

21、t,_he_cant_be_touring_with_his_friends.On_the_contrary,_he_must_be_studying_at_home.5.是因为我学习不够努力，还是因为我学习方法不当？(can, work hard enough, in the right way)Can_it_be_because_I_havent_worked_hard_enough_or_because_I_havent_studied_in_the_right_way?6.他随时会到。(should, any moment)He_should_be_here_any_moment.三、

22、利用“情态动词have done”写高级句子1.那天上学我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。(turn off the alarm clock, fall asleep)I_was_late_for_school_that_day.I_might_have_turned_off_the_alarm_clock_and_fallen_asleep_again.82.我到家后发现我的钱包不见了。或许我把它遗忘在你的出租车上了。(cant find my wallet, leave, taxi)I_couldnt_find_my_wallet_when_I_got_home.I_might_hav

23、e_left_it_in_your_taxi.3.她不可能已经走了，因为她的手提包还在这里。(leave, handbag, lie)She_cant_have_left,_because_her_handbag_is_still_lying_here.4.他可能是去北京了，因为他曾经说过他的姑姑在那里工作。(could, once said)He_could_have_gone_to_Beijing,_because_he_once_said_his_aunt_worked_there.5.我一定是在回家的路上把它弄丢了。(drop it somewhere on my way home)I

24、_must_have_dropped_it_somewhere_on_my_way_home.四、巧用“will, shall, would, used to”增加句中“惹眼”成分1.如果你不听我的建议，你会后悔一辈子的。(follow ones advice, regret)If_you_dont_follow_my_advice,_you_shall_regret_for_the_rest_of_your_life.2.我尽力推门，门就是不开。(push, wouldnt)I_tried_to_push_the_door,_but_it_wouldnt_open.3.我告诉他不要辍学，但他

25、不愿意听。(tell, drop out of school)I_told_him_not_to_drop_out_of_school,_but_he_wouldnt_listen.4.当我们小的时候，他星期天总是来我家和我一起玩。(come over to my home, on Sundays)When_we_were_young,_he_would_come_over_to_my_home_and_play_with_me_on_Sundays.5.我过去夜里睡得早，但我现在已习惯熬夜了。(used to, get used to, stay up late)I_used_to_go_to_bed_early_at_night,_but_I_get_used_to_staying_up_late_now.