2018_2019学年高二英语寒假作业第八天.doc

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1、1第八天单项选择1、_ came that professor Wang would drop in on his way here to have _ with me.A.The word; a word B.Words; wordsC.A word; the word D.Word; a word2、The new teacher doesnt know all her _ names.A.students B.students C.students D.student3、Five chairs are not enough. Well need _ chairs.A.another tw

2、o B.two another C.more two D.other two4、We asked eight leading writers what items they would donate to the museum _their own lost loves.A.in honour of B.in face ofC.in need of D.in favour of5、In the last 40 years since reform and opening-up, our science and technology has grown along with the econom

3、y, _China an innovation powerhouse with global influence.A.made B.to make C.making D.has made阅读理解6、 As the Earth warms from the increase of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, the oceans that cover 70 percent of its surface are warming too. This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expe

4、nse of others.A study in the May 20 issue of the journal Nature confirmed that there has been a warming trend in the worlds oceans since 1993, as the waters have absorbed much of the extra energy in the planets atmosphere.The warming that has already occurred, and is expected to continue in the comi

5、ng decades, will likely spell bad news for many ocean species, such as corals and species that live in the cold waters of the planets poles. But 2some creatures beneath the ocean surface might actually have an advantage in the newly wanned waters.A 2008 study, for example, said that a warming of jus

6、t a few degrees Fahrenheit in Antarctic waters could make them suitable to sharks,which havent lived in the area for about 40 million years. Its easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism in warmer waters. If sharks do move into the area,they could cause damage to the existing ecosystems of the

7、 oceans around Antarctica.A study of starfish found these typical ocean creatures grew faster in water at warmer temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels ( another result of all the extra greenhouse gas in the atmosphere) than at normal conditionswhich is bad news for the shellfishes they live

8、on.Work by Jeremy Jackson, a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California at San Diego, suggests that ocean warmingalong with other threats such as overfishing and habitat destructioncould change once complex ocean ecosystems into ones that favor simpler species,

9、such as microbes, toxic algal blooms and jellyfishes.1.How is Paragraph 3 developed?A.By giving examples.B.By analyzing causes.C.By making comparisons.D.By making classifications.2.What can we know about sharks from the fourth paragraph?A.They are native to Antarctic waters.B.They do harm to the who

10、le ecosystem.C.Theyre adaptable to warmer water conditions.D.They threaten simpler species in Antarctic waters.3.What will ocean warming likely bring about?A.Promoting the growth of starfish.B.An ecosystem of smaller creatures.3C.Different food sources for sea creatures.D.Damaging living places of d

11、eep-sea species.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To explain why ocean warming benefit some species.B.To introduce how creatures survive in warmer oceans.C.To clarify some misunderstandings about ocean warming.D.To show which creatures will benefit from warmer oceans.7、 The Intelligent Transpor

12、t team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and w

13、ell-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation(导航)

14、 tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But

15、 we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.“Dr Amy Guo, the leading resea

16、rcher on the older driver study, explains, “The Drive LAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.4“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surp

17、risingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. Were looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with tech

18、nological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”1.What is the purpose of the Drive LAB?A.To explore new means of transport.B.To design new types of cars.C.To find out older drivers problems.D.To teach people traffic rules.2.Why is driving important for older peopl

19、e according to Phil Blythe?A.It keeps them independent.B.It helps them save time.C.It builds up their strength.D.It cures their mental illnesses.3.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?A.Improve their driving skills.B.Develop driver-assist technologles.C.Provide tips on repairing their ca

20、rs.D.Organize regular physical checkups.4.What is the best title for the text?A.A new Model Electric CarB.A Solution to Traffic ProblemsC.Driving Services for EldersD.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road8、 When I was in fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customer

21、s. Shed watch me coming down her street, and by 5the time Id biked up to her doorstep, thered be a cold drink waiting. Id sit and drink while she talked. Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” shed say. The first time she said that, soda we

22、nt up my nose.I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe shed work it out of her system. So thats what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she

23、 seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery (墓地).I finally quit delivering newspapers and didnt see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser. She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, shed had to offer her paperboy a dri

24、nk to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how Im doing. When I dont say “fine,” she sticks around to hear my problems. Shes lived in the city most of her life,

25、 but she knows about community. Community isnt so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how youre doing because they care, and not because theyre getting paid to do so. Sometimes its good to just smile, nod your head and listen.1.Why did soda go up the authors nose o

26、ne time?A.He was talking fast.B.He was shocked.C.He was in a hurry.D.He was absent-minded.2.Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs. Stanley?A.He enjoyed the drink.B.He wanted to be helpful.C.He took the chance to rest.6D.He tried to please his dad.3.Which of the following can replace the underline

27、d phrase “work it out of her system” in Paragraph 2?A.Recover from her sadness.B.Move out of the neighborhood.C.Turn to her old friends.D.Speak out about her past.4.What does the author think people in a community should do?A.Open up to others.B.Depend on each other.C.Pay for others help.D.Care abou

28、t one another.完形填空9、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Coffee shops are cool, but in Wilmington, North Carolina, Bitty 2. 只允许修改 10处,多者(从第 11处起)不计分。In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into th

29、e car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.

30、A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：D2答案及解析：答案：A93答案及解析：答案：A4答案及解析：答案：A5答案及解析：答案：C6答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.C; 3.A; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题。根据第三段的内容,尤其是“But”的转折可知, 本段主要是通过对比海洋变暖对哪些生物有利,对哪些生物有害来行文的。故选 C

31、。2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的 make them suitable to sharks以及 Its easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism in warmer waters可知,鲨鱼能够适应温度更高的环境中的生活.故选 C.3.细节理解题. 根据第五段可知,海星在水温比较高的水域会生长得更快,即海洋变暖会促进海星的生长,故选 A. 误解分析:不能误选 B项。根据最后一段可知,诸多因素会将复杂的生态系统变为适应简单生物的一些生态系统。这些因素中不只是气候变暖.4.写作意图题. 纵观全文可知,作者写作本文主要是为了告诉我们哪些生物能在海洋

32、变暖中继续发展,即从中获益。故选 D。7答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段中的 in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers 和第六段中的 is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers 可知,研究人员研究的目的是了解老年司机面临的挑战和发现关键的问题在哪里。答案选 C。2.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的 preserving t

33、heir independence可以得知开车对于保持老年人的独立性是非常重要的,这也给了老年人不依赖于别人而出行的自由,因此 A10项正确。3.推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句的 use technology to address these problems. ” 和文章最后一句可知,研究人员这样做是为了发明帮助老年人驾驶的技术,因此 B项正确。文章不是说老年人的驾驶技术不好,而是说老年人因为年龄问题在开车时会遇到一些困难,因此 A项错误。4.主旨大意题。综合全文可知,文章讲述的是研究人员正在研究如何保证老年人开车安全的问题,因此 D项是最佳答案。全文翻译纽卡斯尔大学的智能交通团队已经将一辆

34、电动汽车变成了一个名为“ DriveLAB”的移动实验室,以了解老龄司机所面临的挑战,并发现关键的压力点。研究表明放弃驾驶导致他们变得更加孤立、不活跃,是老年人健康和福祉下降的关键原因之一。在菲尔布莱斯教授的带领下,纽卡斯尔团队正在为老龄司机开发车载式汽车技术,他们希望这些技术能帮助老年人一直到晚年也能继续开车。这些技术包括定制的导航工具、夜视系统和智能速度适应。菲尔布莱斯解释说:“对于许多老年人, 尤其是那些独自生活或在乡村生活的老年人来说,开车对保持他们的独立性以及不必依赖他人而出行的自由都很重要。”“但我们都必须承认,随着年龄的增长,我们的反应会慢下来,这往往会导致人们回避任何具有潜在挑

35、战性的驾驶状况,并对驾驶技能失去信心。结果是,人们在真正需要之前就停止开车了。”老年驾驶研究的首席研究员艾米郭博士解释说:“DriveLAB 正帮助我们了解老年驾驶者的主要压力和困难,以及我们如何利用技术来解决这些问题。”“例如,我们大多数人都认为老龄司机开车总是比其他人慢,但令人惊讶的是,我们发现,在时速 30英里的区域,他们很难保持恒定的速度,因此更有可能打破限速,并有面临被罚款的风险。我们关注的是控制其速度的系统的好处,以防止这种情况的出现。”“我们希望我们的工作将帮助找到技术解决方案,确保老龄司机行车更安全。”8答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D11解析：1.推理判

36、断题.根据第二段 Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband. “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” shed say.可推测,作者第一次听到 Mrs. Stanley说这些话时是极为震惊的。 故选 B。2.推理判断题:根据第三段 Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile 可知,作者倾听 Mrs. Stanley 说话是为了帮助她。故选

37、 B.3.词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句 After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地)可知,Mrs. Stanley 看来已从失去丈夫的悲痛中走了出来,说明画线部分的意思“从悲伤中恢复过来”。故选 A。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段 You find it whenever people ask how youre doing because they care,and not because theyre getting paid to do so,以及本文所讲的故事 作者以前关心

38、Mrs. Stanley,后来又被自家的送报员所关心,由此可推断作者想要表明的观点:社区邻里间应该相互关心。故选 D。 误解分析:不能误选 A项。open up to others意为 “对别人敞开心扉”。心扉指的是心的门扇,比喻人的内心。敞开心扉是指在一个人面前把自己的心毫无隐瞒地表现出来,也指分享自己的心情,是一种乐观开朗的表现。而文中作者通过自身的经历告诉我们要相互关心。全文翻译四年级的时候,我兼职做报童。斯坦利太太是我的顾客之一。她会看着我走到她所居住的大街,走到她家门前时,会给我准备一杯冷饮。她讲话时我总会坐着喝冷饮。斯坦利太太讲述的内容多是关于她死去的丈夫。 “今天早上斯坦利先生和

39、我去购物了。”她说道。她第一次这样说时,我大为吃惊。我告诉父亲,斯坦利太太说话的样子似乎斯坦利先生还活着。爸爸说她可能很孤独,我应该坐着听, 还得不时地点头微笑,这样也许她会从失去丈夫的悲痛中恢复过来。于是我那样做了,结果证明爸爸是对的。不久后,斯坦利太太似乎把丈夫遗忘在了墓地。我终于不再送报纸了,几年来也没见过斯坦利太太。然后在一个教堂募捐活动的现场,斯坦利太太和我不期而遇。她正在舀土豆泥,看起来很高兴。四年前,为了与人交谈,她还不得已为报童提供一杯饮料。 现在,她有朋友了。她的丈夫去世了,但生活还得继续。现在,我住在城里,我的报童是一个叫埃德娜的女士,她有三个孩子。她问我近况怎样。当我没有

40、说 “好”的时候,她就会坚持倾听我的问题。她一生大部分时间都住在城市,但她了解社区。与其说社区是一个地方,倒不如说它是一种心境。每当有人因为关心而问你日子12过得怎么样而不是因为要得到报酬而做这些时,你会感到这一点。有时只是笑一笑,点点头, 听一听就好了。9答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.C; 5.A; 6.D; 7.B; 8.D; 9.C; 10.B; 11.A; 12.D; 13.A; 14.B; 15.D; 16.A; 17.C; 18.B; 19.C; 20.D解析：1.根据本空后的 Almost everyone who works there has an in

41、tellectual or developmental disability可知,该咖啡厅雇用的员工都很“特别(unique)”,无一例外都患有某种残疾。2.根据 its their first job可知,对于很多“员工(employees)”来说,这是他们的第一份工作,连空气中都弥漫着他们的“喜悦(joy)”之情。3.解释同上。4.根据本空后的 two of her four children, Beau and Bitty, who have Down syndrome可知,Amy Wright 两个患有唐氏综合征的孩子赋予她开这间咖啡店的灵感。inspire 意为“赋予灵感”。5.Wr

42、ight和丈夫“发现(discovered)”70%的成年残疾人都没有“工作(jobs)”,于是决定针对此事做点儿什么。上文的 its their first job提示了 jobs。6.解释同上。7.根据本空后的 like a lightning bolt(闪电): a coffee shop 可知,开咖啡店的念头是Amy Wright灵光一现的结果。hit sb that. 意为“使某人突然想起”。类似的说话还有 strike sb that.8.根据本空前的 I realized it would be the perfect environment可知,Wright 认为咖啡店提供了一

43、处残疾人士可以一起做事的绝佳场所。bring.round 说服(某人);使恢复知觉; bring.up 提出;教育;养育;呕出; bring.out 出版,生产;使显示;说出; bring . together集合;使团结起来。9.在咖啡店里“下单(taking orders)”,为顾客上咖啡,做这些事情会使得这些残疾人士明白他们自己有多“能干(useful)”。10.解释同上。11.根据 The shop opened in January 2016 and immediately和 National press attention及 Today, the Wilmington store

44、employs 40 people可知,该咖啡店 2016年131月份开业,很快,门外就排起了“长队(lines)”,随后,媒体报道纷至沓来,六个月后,咖啡店不得不搬到一个“更大的(larger)”地方。follow 意为“跟随,跟着”。12.解释同上。13.解释同上。其他几个形容词意思 quieter(更安静的), remoter(更偏远的), safer(更安全的)在此均不符合语境。14.第二段中的 Almost everyone who works there has an intellectual or developmental disability是本空的提示。15.根据下文的 T

45、heyve all gotten really good at their jobs可知,咖啡店的员工团队工作劲头十足,像一台“上足了油的(well-oiled)”机器一样。16.Wright说道:“我们店的等待(wait)时间与别家店相差无几,员工们干起自己的工作来都游刃有余,当(when)有人有需要时,他们会上前帮忙。”17.解释同上。18.根据下文的 Creating this has given people a way to communicate with people with disabilities可知,Wright 最引以为傲的是她的咖啡店在社区里起了“桥梁式(bridge

46、s)”的作用,使得身体健全者有机会与残疾人士进行交流与沟通。19.Wright说道:“有了这间咖啡店,人们逐渐意识到,我们彼此之间同(alike)大于异,这也是这间咖啡店的全部意义所在。”20.解释同上。根据此句语法分析可知 what为 about的宾语。10答案及解析：答案： In the summer holiday following my eightn birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard /temyfirst day was. Before getting into the car, I thought

47、 I had learned the instructors orders, /sobutyeonce I started the car, my mind goswent blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the ords, “Speed up!” 14“Slow down!” “Turnig left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few m

48、inutes later, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a sudnly stop just in the middle onf the road.解析：第一处:eighteen 改为 eighteenth,考查数次,句意:在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假,eighteen意思为“十八,十八个”,表示数量,eighteenth 表示“第十八个的”,故将eighteen改为 eighteenth。第二处:first 前加 the或 my,考查冠词。句意:我依然记得第一天使多么艰难。句中特指

49、开始学驾照的第一天,所以在 first前加 the或 my,my first day表示“我(学驾照)的第一天”。故在 first前加 the或 my。第二处:so 改为 but 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话,结果一发动车,脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将 so改为 but。第四处:goes 改为 went 考查时态。根据前文中的 started可知时态为一般过去时,故将goes改为 went。第五处:word 改为 words 考查单复数。句意教练一直喊“加速”,“减速”,“左转”,word的意思主要是“单词,消息”,words 可以表示为 word的复数,也表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话,故将 word改为 words。第六处:Turning 改为 Turn。考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”,“减速”,“左转”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故将 Turning改为 Turn。第七处:much 去掉。考查固定句型。句型:我如此紧张以至于无法