山东省新泰一中2018_2019学年高一英语上学期第一次质量检测试卷（含解析）.doc

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1、1新泰一中 2018级高一上学期第一次质量检测英语试题时间：120 分钟 总分：150 分 2018.10第 I卷（选择题，共 100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30分）第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 7. 5分）听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When should the speakers hand in the report according to Sally?A. On November 14th

2、 B. On November 13th C. On November 12th2. What did the man do last night?A. He went to the concertB. He worked on the paperC. He read some history books3. What are the speakers discussing?A. The condition of the freeway yesterdayB. A suggestion for the radio reportC. The traffic rules4. Where does

3、the conversation most probably take place?A. In a concert ball B. In a restaurant C. In a museum5. Who will probably play music tonight ?A. Ben B. Anna C. Ray第二节（共 15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分）听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段

4、对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第 6、7 题。6. Why wont the girl go to the beach?2A. She cant afford it B. No one will go with herC. The weather may not be good7. What is the girl going to do on Saturday afternoon?A. See a movie B. Go shopping C. Work on the computer听下面一段对话，回答第 8、9 题。8. What happened to the man?A. H

5、e was pushed into a pool B. He fell into a pool. C. He was hit by a bus9. How did the man get home?A. By bus B. By taxi C. On foot听下面一段对话，回答第 10-12题。10. Why does the man like listening to the news on the radio?A. He will get the news as it happensB. He doesnt like to stay in one placeC. He can hear

6、the news more clearly11. How does the woman like to get the news?A. On TV B. From the newspaper C. Over the radio12. What does the man think of the newspaper?A. Boring B. Reliable C. Slow听下面一段对话，回答第 13-16题。13. Who will meet the woman?A. The man B. The mans driver C. The mans workmate14. Why did the

7、woman fail to be picked up?A. The driver got the wrong arrival timeB. The man forgot the time changeC. Her flight was late15. Where will the speakers meet?A. At a hotel. B. At an airport C. At the mans office16. What will the woman do next?A. Go to meet the man B. Have a good sleep C. Wait for the m

8、ans driver3听下面一段独白，回答第 17-20题。17. How will the listeners get to the post office?A. On foot B. By boat C. By bus18. When will the listeners reach Lundy?A. At 10:15 a.m B. AT 10:00 a.m C. At 9:00 a.m19. What does David Cook probably do?A. A bus driver B. A hotel clerk C. A tour guide20. What does the

9、speaker ask the listeners to do?A. Wait for the bus in Clovelly B. Take care of themselvesC. Avoid missing the boats第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。AWho is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday

10、 was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today.Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died w

11、hen he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didnt give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese 4history. A

12、t that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.Today, people still follow Confucius lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I

13、 am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.”He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”Confucius is not onl

14、y a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said.1. Today we still remember Confucius mainly because_.A. he lived a p

15、oor life in his childhoodB. he had wise thoughts and great views about educationC. he traveled with his students from state to stateD. he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period2. Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports _as a child.A. by teaching himself at home B. with the help of his

16、 motherC. by going to school D. by visiting many famous teachers3. The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to _.A. poor B. brightC. wealthy D. cute4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. All study but no thinking makes people puzzled.B. No one has some

17、thing worthy to be learned.C. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.5D. A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B【解析】这是一篇人物传记。短文主要介绍了中国伟大的教育家，思想家孔子：春秋鲁国人，三岁丧父，年轻时家境困难，但是并没有放弃学习。他拜访了许多著名的老师，学会了历史、音乐、诗歌和运动。孔子成立了第一所公共学堂，他认为人人都有受教育的权利。孔子门下有三千弟子。他的“三人行，必有

18、我师焉” ， “学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆” “严以律己，宽以待人”至今对世人仍然有很大教育意义。【1 题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today.”可知，尽管他生活在两千多年以前，但人们仍然记得并尊敬他对今天教育事业的贡献。所以判断出，今天我们还记得孔子，主要是因为他对教育有明智的想法和伟大的观点。故 B选项正确。【2 题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“He visit

19、ed many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.”可知，他拜访了许多著名的教师，学习了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。所以，孔子从小就通过拜访许多著名的老师来学习音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。故 D选项正确。【3 题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段“At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to le

20、arn”可知，那时，只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为，如果想学习，人人都应该上学。所以猜测出第三段中换线的“noble”的意思与 wealthy“富有的”最接近。故 C选项正确。【4 题详解】细节理解题。由第五段“All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.可知，学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。“第六段 “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.”可知，严以律

21、己，宽以待人。所以 A，C，D 选项都在短文中被提及。故 B选项没有被提及。故 B选项正确。6BDear Michael，Hows your vacation？Im visiting my uncle in Spain. He lives in the sunny and beautiful city of Valencia, in Spain.Yesterday, I had great fun. My uncle took me to the tomato festival in Bunol, which is just 30 miles away from where my uncle

22、lives. You have probably never heard of this festival before. Neither have I. The tomato festival is called “La Tomatina” in Spanish. It was the biggest and messiest tomato fight in the world. When we first got to the square where the festival took place, it was very crowded with people from all aro

23、und the world, and many trucks were carrying tomatoes. My uncle told me the crowded people here were around 38,000 and this was more than four times the population of Bunol.The tomato fight started as soon as the first banger was beaten. Then everyone including me started throwing tomatoes at each o

24、ther. I took red tomatoes and threw them at anyone that ran，moved，bent down，or turned around. Tomatoes must be squashed(捏扁)before people threw them in order not to hurt anybody.After a little while, the streets, people and nearby buildings were splashed(溅起)with red. There was no winner in this fight

25、, but we all had fun. As soon as a second banger was beaten, people stopped throwing.I really had a great time. I wish you were here, too. I hope I hear from you soon. Take care.From SpainLinda5. From the letter，we can know _A. Linda lives in ValenciaB. Linda doesnt want to go to SpainC. Linda is vi

26、siting her uncle in SpainD. Linda is studying in Spain6. According to the letter，which statement of the following is NOT true？7A. Bunol is 30 miles away from where Lindas uncle lives.B. Linda had heard of this festival before.C. It was the first time Linda had gone to this festival.D. Lindas uncle t

27、ook her to the tomato festival in Bunol.7. What happened when a second banger was beaten?A. The fight started.B. The fight stopped.C. The fight got bigger and bigger.D. The fight continued again.8. What is the main idea of this letter？A. “La Tomatina” is a fun and popular festival in Spain.B. “La To

28、matina” is a day for eating tomatoes.C. Michael has a great vacation.D. Linda enjoyed the beautiful city of Valencia.【答案】5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。Linda 在信中向 Michael介绍了在西班牙很受欢迎的节日-番茄节。【5 题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Im visiting my uncle in Spain”可知，我正在西班牙看望我的叔叔。所以从信中，我们可以知道琳达正在西班牙看望她的叔叔。故 C选项正确。【6 题详解】细节

29、理解题。由第二段“ You have probably never heard of this festival before. Neither have I”可知，你可能以前从未听说过这个节日。我也没有。所以琳达以前也没听说过这个节日。故 B选项“琳达以前听说过这个节日”是不正确的。故 B选项正确。【7 题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“As soon as a second banger was beaten, people stopped throwing.”可知，第二次信号发出后，停止扔番茄。所以当第二次信号发出后，人们停止扔番茄，番茄大战结束。故 B选项正确。【8 题详解】8主旨大意

30、题。短文主要介绍了西班牙番茄节是世界上最大最混乱的番茄大战，它的参与人数达到 38，000 人，以及西红柿大战的场面以及规则。这些都在说明在西班牙，番茄节是一个有趣而受欢迎的节日。故 A选项“西班牙，番茄节是一个有趣而受欢迎的节日”是短文的主旨大意。故 A选项正确。【点睛】短文通常围绕一个中心思想展开。不少文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想。第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来。这就要求学会归纳概括。本文的中心思想贯穿全文,需要我们归纳总结。短文主要介绍了西班牙西红柿节是世界上最大最混乱的西红柿大战，它的参与人数达到 38，00

31、0 人，以及西红柿大战的场面以及规则。这些都在说明在西班牙，西红柿节是一个有趣而流行的节日。故 A选项“西班牙，西红柿节是一个有趣而受欢迎的节日”是短文的主旨大意。故 A选项正确。CHave you ever heard of e-waste(electric waste,电子垃圾), which can be produced every day? How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when theyre broken or you want a new one?Most people jus

32、t throw them away. With the development of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 milli

33、on tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.Its important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市矿藏）. The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the

34、metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and peoples health.Apple, for example, now recycle peoples used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell t

35、hem at lower prices. To help reduce e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs.99. Which country produced most e-waste according to the United Nations?A. America. B. China.C. Japan. D. Australia10. What does the underline word “affecting” mean in this

36、 passage?A. protect B. influenceC. improve D. pollute11. The main purpose of this passage is to_.A. prove that e-waste is useless.B. encourage people to buy more electronic products.C. advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution.D. Tell us science and technology is developing rap

37、idly.【答案】9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文向我们介绍了电子垃圾。随着科技的发展，电子产品的更新速度越来越快。这样我们的旧东西不要了，有些人就把他们扔掉了，由此产生了很多的电子垃圾。电子垃圾对人类以及环境是有害的，因此我们应该想办法处理掉电子垃圾，以此减少污染。【9 题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“ The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons”可知，美国是世界上最大的电子垃圾生产国，制造了 710万吨的电子垃圾。所以，根据联合国的统计数字，美国生产的电子垃圾最多。故 A选项正确。【1

38、0 题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段“But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and peoples health.”可知，但是，如果人们把它们扔掉，有毒的化学物质就会进入地球或空气，影响环境和人的健康。所以判断出 affect的意思是 influence“影响”的意思。故 B选项正确。【11 题详解】推理判断题。短文一开始以问题提问，引出了电子垃圾的概念。而且全文的描述都在回答这个问题。根据第二段和第三段的开头句和最后一段

39、可知，我们需要去保护环境，不要乱10丢电子垃圾。所以判断出这片短文的主要目的就是建议人们正确处理电子垃圾，以此减少污染。故 C选项正确。【点睛】根据关键词并且结合生活常识是解决词义猜测题的重要的解题方法。由第三段“But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and peoples health.中的“throw them away”“ toxic chemicals”可知，人类任意地乱扔电子产品，有毒的化学物质就会进入土壤，

40、水和空气中，导致环境被污染，人类的健康受到影响。所以猜测出 affect的意思是influence“影响”的意思。故 B选项正确。DIt is the injury from breathing cigarettes that has led to the invention of ecigarettes. Using these cigarettes requires small power from battery and these cigarettes are also available in various flavors and varied nicotine levels. O

41、wing to the fact that the charge from a short cable is required, carrying the electronic cigarettes cant be that easy in some cases. This means that the smoking habits of individuals are in fact controlled! Also，the human body is protected from harmful smoke that is not given off by the electrical v

42、ersion of these New Age cigarettes.The cigarettes are in a fine pack and they are durable (持久的)! For the first time ever，tobacco smokers do not have to carry matches and lighters which may cause burns to their finger tips and boring holes into their clothes! The result is basic dignity for the smoke

43、rs because they will not disrespect the nonsmokers among them by polluting the air that they breathe. Electronic cigarettes and the packages they come in can also be reused，which means that a lot of money can be saved.They are environmentally friendly(环保). For starters, this kind of cigarettes canno

44、t be put on unless with a source of an electrical current. This means that rooms and pathways do not, under any circumstances, get filled with smoke just because a smoker passed by! The smoke is done away, meaning the air, even around a smoker, is always fresh! Disposals (处理) for the cigarettes have

45、 also been invented so that there are no harmful smoking bits and pieces 11carelessly thrown away which pollute the environment!Ecigarettes have made the world a better place at the very least. Those who are addicted to smoking on a regular or even irregular basis can therefore do so responsibly and

46、 give better consideration to their health.12. Its learned from Paragraph 1 that _A. the original smoking habits of smokers are hard to controlB. ecigarettes have different tastes and nicotine levelsC. the electronic cigarettes are convenient to carryD. the short cable is used to determine how fully

47、 the batteries are charged13. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Why do ecigarettes produce no smoke.B. Ecigarettes are environmentally friendly.C. Why are disposals for the cigarettes invented.D. Ecigarettes benefit both smokers and nonsmokers.14. According to the author, ecigarettes _A. matter

48、less to heavy smokersB. are right alternatives to smokersC. shouldnt be overvaluedD. should be made cheap15. Whats the purpose of this passage?A. To introduce an invention.B. To describe the wide spread of ecigarettes.C. To explain the injury from breathing cigarettes.D. To show how to smoke ecigare

49、ttes.【答案】12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A【解析】试题分析: 本文为一篇科技说明文，介绍了一种电子烟的产品。【12 题详解】B； 细节理解题。 Using these cigarettes requires small power from battery and these cigarettes are also available in various flavors and varied nicotine 12levels.表明这些电子烟有不同的口味和尼古丁的味道。故选 B。【13 题详解】B； 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知这一段的中心内容为其第一句。故选 B。【14 题详解】B；细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段的内容，可看出作者对这种电子烟的态度是赞成的。作者认为其利于改善吸烟者的健康。故选 B。【15 题详解】A；判断推理题。综合全文，可知本文的重点是介绍一款名叫电子烟的产品。这是本文的目的