（通用版）2019中考英语二轮复习句子类型讲义.doc

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1、1句子类型学员姓名： 年 级： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课日期 授课时段授课主题 句子类型教学内容课前回顾：1 检查作业，错题讲解（错题本）2 复习上节课知识点（笔记本）3. 词汇短语默写知识梳理知识点 1：陈述句1. 陈述句：陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用降调，句末用句号“.”Tom has a new car. The flower isnt beautiful. 2. 陈述句否定式的构成(1) 如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词 be，则只需在这些动词后加 not 即可构成否定式。He is playing the gui

2、tar.（肯定）He is not playing the guitar.（否定）We can get there before dark.（肯定）We cant get thee before dark.（否定）(2) 如果陈述句 的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加 dont, doesnt 或 didnt。同时把该实义动词变为原形。He plays the violin well.（肯定）2He doesnt play the violin well.（否定）She won the game.（肯定）She didnt win the

3、game.（否定）(3) 如果句子是 there be 结构或谓语动词是 have（有），除了 be 和 have 之后加 not 之外，句中如果有some 要变为 any。例如：There is some water in the cup. There is not any water in the cup.He has some books. He has not any books.(4) 除 not 以外，否定词 no, never, nothing, nobody, few 等也可构成否定句。例如：There is something wrong with his bike. The

4、re is nothing wrong with his bike.I have seen the film. I have never seen the film.知识点 2：祈使句祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“！”或句号“.”。朗读时一般用降调。1. 肯定的祈使句：（1）祈使句主语是 you 时，you 常省略，但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪时可以有主语或称呼语。Be quiet. You be quiet!（2）“Do+祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do 起强调作用。Do come back at once! Do be ca

5、reful.（3）please 用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但 please 用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分分开。Open the window, please.（4）Let 引导祈使句时，后面需跟上人称代词或称呼语，人称代词一般只用第一、第三人称。Let Jack wait a minute. Lets go to school.（5）在祈使句中，Lets 和 Let us 是有区别的。Lets 包括说话者，而 Let us 不包括听话者在内。这点从反意疑问句时可明显看出。3Lets go skating, shall we?（表示内部的建议）Let us try again, w

6、ill you?（表示向别人发出请求）2. 否定祈使句通常以 Dont 或 Never 开头。其结构通常是：“Dont(Never)+动词原形+其他成分” 例如：Dont do that again!Never leave todays work for tomorrow!Dont be late next time!知识点 3：疑问句1. 一般疑问句 ：（1）一般疑问句的肯定形式一般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be 动词或 have（有）开始，通常要求以 yes，或 no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句读时通常用升调。Do you know Mr. Smith? Can you swim?

7、（2）一般疑问句的否定结构 在一般疑问句的否定结构中，把副词 not 放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但如果用 not 的简略形式-nt，则须将-nt 与一般疑问句句首的 be, have，助动词或情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中，一般都采用简略式。Are you not a football fan?Arent you a football fan?Will she not like it?Wont she like it? 与汉语不同的是，英语一般疑问句否定结构的答语是否定还是肯定，全由答语的否定或肯定来决定。若答语是肯定的，则用 yes 加肯定结构；若答语是否定的，则用 no 加否定结构。Are

8、nt you a football fan? 你不是足球迷吗？Yes, I am.No, I am not.Wont she like it? 4Yes, she will. No, she wont. 2. 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答的疑问句。其结构是“疑问句+选择部分”。选择部分由 or 连接，or 前面的部分读升调，or 后面的部分读降调。选择疑问句不能用 yes 或 no 回答，而必须具体的选择答复。Is your bag yellow or black? Its black.。Would you like some tea or cof

9、fee? Either will do.。Which do you like better, singing or dancing? I like dancing better.3. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句”构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果主语是疑问代词或由疑问代词修饰时，用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句不能用 yes 或 no 回答，读时用降调。例如：Who is on duty today? How long have you been in Beijing?What time do you get up every morning?What must I do

10、now?常用的特殊疑问句询问内容 疑问词或句型 例 句 回 答 职业，身份 what What is your father? He is a doctor. 姓名或关系 who Who is that boy? He is Jack.He is my brother 相貌特征 whatlke? What is she like?What does she look like? She is beautiful. 目的 whatfor? What did they come here for? To attend a meeting. 原因 why Why did they come here

11、? Because they have a 5meeting to attend. 天气 howwhatlike? How is the weather toay?What is the weater like today? Its fine. 颜色 what color？ What dolor is her skirt? Its red. 服装尺寸 what size What size does he wear? He wears 40. 几点钟 what time What time is it? Its 7:30. 星期几 what day What day is today? Its

12、 Tuesdy. 几号，日期 what is te date? What is the date today? Its May 2. 年龄（多大） how old How old is he? He is 38. 持续多长时间（多久） how long How long have you been here? For five months. 长度（多长） how long How long is the bridge? Its 500 metres. 距离（多远） how far How far is t from here to the zoo? Its 6 kilometres. 频度（

13、多经常） how often How often do you come back? Once a week. 时间经过（多快） how soon How soon will she arrive? In an week. 数量（多少） how many（可数名词）how much（不可数名词） How many jackets doyou have?How much cofee do you want? Three.Two cups. 价格 how much How much is it?How much does it cost? Five dollars. 高度（多高） how tall

14、（人，树）how high （山，建筑物） How tall is she?How high is the tower? Shes 1.73 metres.Its 450 metres. 巩固练习I. 单项填空1. -Excuse me, _ is the nearest bookshop?6-Go down the street and turn left at the second corner.A. how B. what C. where D. who2. -_ is it from our school to the Bell Tower?-About half an hours b

15、us ride. Shall we go and visit it?A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much3. -Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _?-No. She got up too late.A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she4. -The room is so dirty. _ we clean it?-Of course.A. Will B. Would C. Do D. Shall5. -_, sir?-S

16、ize 41, I thinkA. What size do you need B. What can I do for youC. How do you like this shirt D. Whats the matter with you6. -_ good weather! Why not go out for a walk?A. What B. How C. What a D. How a7. -Its a nice car. _ have you been in it?-Just to Shanghai.A. How much B. How long C. How soon D.

17、How far8. -_ to the United States?-No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go9. -_ were you away from school last year?-About two weeks.A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. When10. -_ do you want?-I want a CD of popular songs.A.

18、Which CD B. How many CDs C. What CD D. How much711. _ is your mother, a teacher or a doctor?A. What B. Which C. Who D. whose12. -_ is your mother today, Jim?-She is much better.A. How B. What C. Where D. How old13. -_he _ at this school last term?-Yes, I think so.A. Didstudy B. Doesstudy C. Wasstudy

19、 D. Didstudied14. -_ did you begin to learn English?-Three years ago.A. When B. Why C. Where D. What15. -_ do you write to your pen-friend?-Once a week.A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often16. _ nice flowers! Where did you pick them?A. How B. What C. What a D. How a17. The sick mans allowe

20、d to take a walk in the garden every day, _?A. is he B. isnt he C. has he D. hasnt he18. _ cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.A. Not B. Wont C. Dont D. Doesnt19. He found nothing in the room, _?A. doesnt he B. does he C. didnt he D. did he20. You havent changed your mind, _?A. do yo

21、u B. are you C. have you D. did you 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.A 14.A 15.D 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.CII. 句型转换（按要求改写下列句子）81. Bruce bought a dictionary yesterday. (改为否定句)Bruce _ _ a dictionary yesterday.2. Mr. Smith does morning exercises every day. (改为一般疑问句)_ Mr. Smith _ morn

22、ing exercises every day?3. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. (就划线部分提问)_ _ Allan go back to England next month?4. There are some apples on the table. (改为否定句)There _ _ apples on the table.5. When she sees you, she will tell you the news(就划线部分提问)_ _ she tell you the news?6. Uncle Wang

23、likes making things. (改写为否定句)Uncle Wang _ _ making things.7. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)_ Ann _ the book to the library yesterday?8. Our city is very beautiful. (改为感叹句)_ _ our city is!9. He has worked in this school for five years. (就划线部分提问)_ _ has he worked in this sch

24、ool?10. Both of them are my best friends. (改为否定句)_ of them _ my best friend.11. They are happy to see each other. (改为感叹句)_ _ they are to see each other!12. The exam begins at nine. (改为一般疑问句)_ the exam _ at nine?13. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. (就划线部分提问)_ _ he _ at four yest

25、erday afternoon?14. He had nothing for breakfast. (改为反意疑问句)He had nothing for breakfast _ _?15. She doesnt think I can surf on the Internet. (改反意疑问句)9She doesnt think I can surf on the Internet, _ _?16. Hes put the tree in the hole? (改为一般疑问句)_ he _ the tree in the hole?17. How useful the book is! (改

26、为陈述句)It is _ _ useful book.18. The population of Australia is about 19,500,000. (就划线部分提问)_ _ population of Australia?19. The meeting will start in ten minutes. (就划线部分提问)_ _ will the meeting start?20. Dont tell him to come to my office. (改为肯定的祈使句)_ _ to come to my office.1. didnt buy 2.Does; do 3.How will 4.arent any 5.When will 6.doesnt like 7.Did; return 8.How beautiful 9.How long 10.Neither; is 11. How happy 12.Does; begin 13.What was; doing 14.did he 15. does she 16.Has; put 17.such a 18.Whats the 19.How soon 20.Tell him归纳总结1. 陈述句2. 祈使句3. 疑问句课后复习1.错题整理整理 5 道错题102.回家作业