SMPTE ST 2036-1-2014 Ultra High Definition Television - Image Parameter Values for Program Production.pdf

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1、 Copyright 2014 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved October 13, 2014 Table of Contents Page Forward . 2 Intellectual Property 2 1 Scope . 3 2 Conformance Notation . 4 3 Normative References . 4 4 General. 4 5 Image

2、 Structure 5 6 System Colorimetry 5 7 Digital Image Representation . 6 Annex A Bibliographgy (Informative) . 9 Page 1 of 9 pages SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Revision of SMPTE ST 2036-1:2013 SMPTE STANDARD Ultra High Definition Television Image Parameter Values for Program Production Rec SMPTE ST 2036-1:201

3、4 Page 2 of 9 pages Foreword SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTEs Engineering

4、 Documents, including Standards, Recommended Practices and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTEs Technology Committees. Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates closely with other standards-developing organizations, including

5、 ISO, IEC and ITU. SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in its Standards Operations Manual. SMPTE ST 2036-1 was prepared by Technology Committee 10E. Intellectual Property At the time of publication no notice had been received by SMPTE claiming patent rights ess

6、ential to the implementation of this Standard. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Page 3 of 9 pages 1 Sc

7、ope 1.1 This standard defines a family of progressive image sample structures of 3840 x 2160 or 7680 x 4320 with an aspect ratio of 16x9, called Ultra High Definition Television (UHDTV), as defined in Table 1. This standard specifies: RGB color encoding and digital representation YCBCR color encodin

8、g and digital representation. 1.2 This standard specifies multiple samples, line and frame rate formats for ten-bit and twelve-bit systems. It is not necessary for an implementation to support all formats to be compliant with this standard. However, an implementation must state which of the Systems

9、are supported. Table 1 Image sample structures and frame rates of UHDTV systems System category System nomenclature Luma or R G B samples per line Lines per frame Frame rate (Hz) UHDTV1 3840 x 2160/23.98/P 3840 2160 24/1.001 3840 x 2160/24/P 3840 2160 24 3840 x 2160/25/P 3840 2160 25 3840 x 2160/29.

10、97/P 3840 2160 30/1.001 3840 x 2160/30/P 3840 2160 30 3840 x 2160/50/P 3840 2160 50 3840 x 2160/59.94/P 3840 2160 60/1.001 3840 x 2160/60/P 3840 2160 60 3840 x 2160/100/P 3840 2160 100 3840 x 2160/119.88/P 3840 2160 120/1.001 3840 x 2160/120/P 3840 2160 120 UHDTV2 7680 x 4320/23.98/P 7680 4320 24/1.

11、001 7680 x 4320/24/P 7680 4320 24 7680 x 4320/25/P 7680 4320 25 7680 x 4320/29.97/P 7680 4320 30/1.001 7680 x 4320/30/P 7680 4320 30 7680 x 4320/50/P 7680 4320 50 7680 x 4320/59.94/P 7680 4320 60/1.001 7680 x 4320/60/P 7680 4320 60 7680 x 4320/100/P 7680 4320 100 7680 x 4320/119.88/P 7680 4320 120/1

12、.001 7680 x 4320/120/P 7680 4320 120 Note: Throughout this standard, references to signals represented by a single primed letter (e.g., R, G and B) refer to signals to which the transfer characteristics in Section 6.3 have been applied. Such signals are commonly described as being gamma corrected. S

13、MPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Page 4 of 9 pages 2 Conformance Notation Normative text is text that describes elements of the design that are indispensable or contains the conformance language keywords: “shall“, “should“, or “may“. Informative text is text that is potentially helpful to the user, but not indis

14、pensable, and can be removed, changed, or added editorially without affecting interoperability. Informative text does not contain any conformance keywords. All text in this document is, by default, normative, except: the Introduction, any section explicitly labeled as “Informative“ or individual par

15、agraphs that start with “Note:” The keywords “shall“ and “shall not“ indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the document and from which no deviation is permitted. The keywords, “should“ and “should not“ indicate that, among several possibilities, one is recommended as p

16、articularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. The keywords “may“ and “need not“ indicate courses of

17、 action permissible within the limits of the document. The keyword “reserved” indicates a provision that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision will never be defined i

18、n the future. A conformant implementation according to an Engineering Document is one that includes all mandatory provisions (“shall“) and, if implemented, all recommended provisions (“should“) as described. A conformant implementation need not implement optional provisions (“may“) and need not impl

19、ement them as described. 3 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements ba

20、sed on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards indicated below. CIE S 014-2/E:2006, Colorimetry Part 2: CIE standard illuminants. ISO 11664-2:2007 SMPTE RP 177-1993, Derivation of Basic Television Color Equations 4 General 4.1

21、The specification of a system claiming compliance with this standard shall state: which of the systems of Table 1 are implemented; which of the signal representations are implemented (RGB or YCBCR); whether the digital representation employs uniformly quantized (linear), PCM, 10 bits or 12 bits; whi

22、ch of the primaries are implemented (UHDTV reference primaries or Conventional reference primaries). 4.2 A 12-bit codeword, when converted to a smaller number of sampling bits, should either be rounded or truncated. A 10-bit codeword, when converted to a 12-bit codeword, shall have two padding bits

23、added. SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Page 5 of 9 pages 5 Image Structure 5.1 The sampling lattice for UHDTV1 systems and UHDTV2 systems shall be uniformly spaced, shall be orthogonal and shall have a pixel aspect ratio of 1:1 (square pixels). The aspect ratio of the image shall be 16:9. 5.2 UHDTV1 systems sh

24、all consist of a pixel array 3840 x 2160, and UHDTV2 systems shall consist of a pixel array 7680 x 4320. 5.3 The image pixel array numbering shall be expressed with (0, 0) at the top left corner and the bottom right corner shall be represented by a pixel count of (3839, 2159) for UHDTV1 systems and

25、(7679, 4319) for UHDTV2 systems. 5.4 For UHDTV1 systems, the center of the image shall be located at the center of the 3840 2160 pixel array, midway between horizontal pixel number of 1919 and 1920, and midway between lines 1079 and 1080. For UHDTV2 systems, the center of the image shall be located

26、at the center of the 7680 4320 pixel array, midway between horizontal pixel number of 3839 and 3840, and midway between lines 2159 and 2160. 6 System Colorimetry 6.1 To be compliant with this standard, equipment shall be designed in accordance with the colorimetric analysis and opto-electronic trans

27、fer function defined in this section. 6.2 Picture information shall be linearly represented by red, green and blue tristimulus values (RGB), lying in the range 0 (reference black) to 1 (reference white), whose colorimetric attributes are based upon reference primaries with the following chromaticity

28、 coordinates, whose reference white conforms to CIE D65 as defined by CIE S 014-2/E. Table 2 defines the default UHDTV reference primaries, these reference primaries are consistent with Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020. Table 3 defines conventional reference primaries. Conventional reference primaries m

29、ay be optionally used by UHDTV1 up to a frame rate of 60Hz, these reference primaries are consistent with Recommendation ITU-R BT.709. Table 2 UHDTV reference primaries and reference white CIE x CIE y Red primary 0.708 0.292 Green primary 0.170 0.797 Blue primary 0.131 0.046 Reference white 0.3127 0

30、.3290 Table 3 Conventional reference primaries and reference white CIE x CIE y Red primary 0.640 0.330 Green primary 0.300 0.600 Blue primary 0.150 0.060 Reference white 0.3127 0.3290 SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Page 6 of 9 pages 6.3 From the red, green and blue tristimulus values, three nonlinear primary

31、components R, G and B shall be computed according to the opto-electronic transfer function as follows, where L denotes a tristimulus value and V denotes a nonlinear primary signal: 1),1( 0,5.4 45.0 LL LLV For a 10-bit system 099.1 and 018.0 , and for a 12-bit system 0993.1 and 0181.0 shall be used.

32、6.4 Signal levels shall be completely contained in the range specified between reference black and reference white specified in Section 7.5, except for overshoots and undershoots due to processing. 6.5 The Y component shall be computed as a weighted sum of nonlinear RGB primary components, using coe

33、fficients calculated from the reference primaries according to the method given in SMPTE RP 177: 0593.06780.02627.0 BGRY UHDTV1 systems when using conventional reference primaries, the Y component shall be computed using coefficients calculated as follows: 0722.07152.02126.0 BGRY 6.6 Color-differenc

34、e component signals PB and PR having the same excursion as the Y component shall be computed as follows: )(2627.0.1 5.0)(0593.0.1 5.0YRPYBPRB UHDTV1 systems when using conventional reference primaries, the color-difference component signals PB and PR having the same excursion as the Y component shal

35、l be computed as follows: )(2126.0.1 5.0)(0722.0.1 5.0YRPYBPRB PB and PR may be coded as CB and CR components for digital transmission. 7 Digital Image Representation 7.1 Digital representation shall employ either RGB or YCBCR components as defined in Section 6, uniformly sampled. 7.2 The digital si

36、gnals described here are assumed to have been appropriately filtered to reduce or prevent aliasing upon sampling. SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Page 7 of 9 pages 7.3 RGB signals and Y signals shall have the same nominal bandwidth. In the case of a 4:4:4 systems, CB, CR shall have the same bandwidth as the as

37、sociated Y signal. For 4:2:2 systems, the CB, CR shall have bandwidth nominally half that of the associated Y signal. In the case of 4:2:0 systems, CB, CR shall have bandwidth nominally quarter that of the associated Y signal. 7.4 RGB signals and Y signal of the YCBCR interface shall be sampled orth

38、ogonally, line- and picture-repetitive. RGB samples shall be co-sited with each other. 7.5 Digital RGB and Y components shall be computed as follows: 8 2;16219 nD DDLDI NTL where L is the component value in abstract terms from 0 to 1.0, n takes the value 10 or 12 corresponding to the number of bits

39、to be represented, and LD is the resulting digital code. The function INTx gives the value of 0 for fractional parts in the range of 0 to under 0.5, and +1 for fractional parts in the range from 0.5 to under 1. Note: This scaling places the code words 040h (64(10) and 3ACh (940(10) in a 10-bit repre

40、sentation or the code words 100h (256(12) and EB0h (3760(12) in a 12-bit representation for the signal level of 0% and 100% of RGB and Y as shown in Table 4. Note: Throughout this section, subscript of “h” indicates the hexadecimal notation and subscript in parentheses with the integer decimal notat

41、ion indicates the bit depth for video signal levels. 7.6 Digital CB and CR components of the YCBCR set shall be computed as follows: 8 2;128224 nD DDCDI NTC where C is the component value in abstract terms from -0.5 to +0.5 and CD is the resulting digital code. Note: This scaling places the code wor

42、ds 040h (64(10) , 200h (512(10) and 3C0h (960(10) in a 10-bit representation or the code words 100h (256(12), 800h (2048(12) and F00h (3840(12) in a 12-bit representation for the signal level of 50%, 0% and +50% of CB and CR as shown in Table 4. 7.7 4:4:4 CB and CR signals shall each have the same n

43、umber of samples as the Y component. 4:2:2 CB and CR signals shall be horizontally subsampled by a factor of two with respect to the Y component. CB and CR samples shall be co-sited with even-numbered samples of Y. 4:2:0 CB and CR shall be horizontally and vertically subsampled by a factor of two wi

44、th respect to the Y component. CB and CR samples shall be co-sited with even-numbered samples and lines of Y. 7.8 Code values having the eight most-significant bits all 0 or all 1, that is 10-bit codes 000h (0(10) through 003h (3(10) and 3FCh (1020(10) through 3FFh (1023(10) in the case of a 10-bit

45、system, and 12-bit codes 000h (0(12) through 00Fh (15(12) and FF0h (4080(12) through FFFh (4095(12) in the case of a 12-bit system as shown in Table 4, are employed for synchronizing purposes and shall be prohibited from video or ancillary data/signals. 7.9 A system having a 10-bit interface shall a

46、ddress the conversion of 12-bit video data to 10 bits with an appropriate process that minimizes video artifacts such as quantization noise. When converting 10-bit data to 12-bit data, the two least significant bits of the 12-bit word shall be set to 0. 7.10 For Y, R, G and B signals, undershoot and

47、 overshoot in video process may be accommodated by the use of code words 004h (4(10) through 03Fh (63(10) and code words 3ADh (941(10) through 3FBh (1019(10) in a SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 Page 8 of 9 pages 10-bit system, code words 010h (16(12) through 0FFh (255(12) and code words EB1h (3761(12) through

48、 FEFh (4079(12) in a 12-bit system as shown in Table 4. For CB and CR signals, undershoot and overshoot in video process may be accommodated by the use of code words 004h (4(10) through 03Fh (63(10) and code words 3C1h (961(10) through 3FBh (1019(10) in a 10-bit system, code words 010h (16(12) through 0FFh (255(12) and code words F01h (3841(12) through FEFh (4079(12) in a 12-bit system as shown in Table 4. Table 4 Digital representation Items 10-bit system 12-bit system Note R, G, B, Y Signal level of 100% 3ACh (940(10) EB0h (3760(12) Section 7.5 Signal level of 0% 040h (64(10) 100h (256(12)