SAE R-258-2000 Meeting the Technology Management Challenges in the Automotive Industry (To Purchase Call 1-800-854-7179 USA Canada or 303-397-7956 Worldwide).pdf
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1、Meeting the Technology Management Challenges in the Automotive Industry Ashok B. Boghani Andrew Brown, Jr.MEETING THE TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY Ashok B. Boghani Andrew Brown, Jr. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. Warrendale, Pa. Copyright 2000 Society of Automot
2、ive Engineers, Inc. eISBN: 978-0-7680-6556-5Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Boghani, Ashok B. Meeting the technology management challenges in the automotive industry/Ashok B. Boghani, Andew Brown. p. cm. ISBN 0-7680-0532-9 1. Automobile industry and tradeProduction control. 2. Aut
3、omobile industry and tradeManagement. 3. Production management. I. Brown, Andrew, Jr. TL278.B64 2000 629.20685dc21 99-054208 CIP Copyright 2000 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 U.S.A. Phone: (724) 776-4841 Fax: (724) 776-5760 E-mail: publications
4、sae.org http:/www.sae.org ISBN 0-7680-0532-9 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Permission to photocopy for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by SAE for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearanc
5、e Center (CCC), provided that the base fee of $.50 per page is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Dr., Danvers, MA 01923. Special requests should be addressed to the SAE Publications Group. 0-7680-0532-9/00-$.50. SAE Order No. R-258The authors wish to dedicate this book to their wives, Meera Boghani
6、 and Malaney Brown, without whose love, support, and permission to allow long workdays to become even longer, this book would not have happened.PREFACE It does not take a crystal ball to observe that the automotive industry is undergoing historic changes. Several major trends are shaping the industr
7、y in a major way: rapid changes in sociodemographics, signifi- cant legislative initiatives, explosive growth of information technol- ogy, an accelerated rate of globalization, and shifting customer preferences. Also, the industry is suffering through significant pro- duction over capacity. Mergers
8、and acquisitions are creating megafirms and the relationships among OEMs and suppliers are evolving into symbiotic partnerships. Given these circumstances, developing new products and systems is more important than ever before. Those products must respond to the evolving wants and needs of the custo
9、mers, while taking advantage of both structural changes in the industry and the explosive development in technology. These are collaborative efforts in which suppliers are acting as partners that share risks and rewards. Central to the creation of innovative products is technology develop- ment. Wit
10、hout adequate “know-how“ it will be impossible to meet the challenges of the “techno-rich“ future. However, managing technol- ogy development is not easy. In fact, historically, this has been the Achilles heel of many American firms. This book tells you how to make technology management more effec-
11、tive and efficient. It also shows how to leverage technology develop- ment so you get more value with fewer resources. Several ways to do vMeeting the Technology Management Challenges in the Automotive Industry so are identified, dealing with alignment, globalization, centraliza- tion/decentralizati
12、on, sourcing, codevelopment, technology intelli- gence, and intellectual property. Further, ways to ease the implementation of these solutions are described. Implementation is where problems so often exist, caused primarily by the “people“ aspects of change. We show how to resolve such problems. Fin
13、ally, several best-practice examples are provided. The featured companies are good at technology management in general, but excel at some aspects of it. Their stories offer lessons that should be adapted to your specific circumstances. No two companies are alike. Therefore, there cannot be a “cookie
14、- cutter“ approach to meeting the challenges of technology manage- ment. However, we have provided a number of ideas, suggestions, frameworks, and examples to create the changes most appropriate for your firm. Do so and you will reap the benefits in the form of tech- nology management that is effici
15、ent, effective, and leveraged. viACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors wish to acknowledge the support of a number of col- leagues in their respective organizations. Several people at Arthur D. Little contributed ideas, thoughts, and material on which the content of the book is based. We wish to thank, in par
16、ticular, Ron Jonash, head of ADLs Global Technology and Innovation Management Practice. Others who provided valuable assistance are Iason Onassis, Eliot Daley, John T. Walker, and Craig Chambers (now at SRI). Within Delphi Automotive Systems, Dilip Tendulkar, Erine Lubchenko, John Sohn, and Chris-An
17、n Paterson provided strategic thought and valuable contributions. The Delphi R Dan Zablocki from Ford Motor Co.; Keith Mary Rantas-Drew, Johnny Barnes, and Marianne Schrode of IBM; Bram Zadoks from Caterpillar; and John Calabrese and Gary Wahl of General Motors. Finally, without the help of Jacqueli
18、ne Terry, Stacey Moriarty, Rita Keohane, and Margaret Srabian, the production of the manuscript would have been impossible. viiTABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Global Trends in Automotive Systems 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Global Market Trends 1 1.3 Automotive Products and Systems 4 1.3.1 Safety 4 1.3.2 Co
19、mfort and Convenience 7 1.3.3 Fuel Economy/Energy 8 1.3.4 Environment 9 1.3.5 Integrated Modules 10 1.4 Conclusion 10 Chapter 2 Management of Technology 13 2.1 What Is Technology? 13 2.2 What Is Technology Management? 17 Chapter 3 Challenges in Automotive Technology Management 23 3.1 Background 23 3
20、.2 A Framework for Classifying Technology Management Challenges 30 Chapter 4 Meeting Technology Management Challenges 35 4.1 Potential Responses 35 4.1.1 Align Technology Strategy with Corporate Strategy 36 ixMeeting the Technology Management Challenges in the Automotive Industry 4.1.2 Align Technol
21、ogy Processes, Resources, and Organization with Technology Strategy 38 4.1.3 Globalize R&D 44 4.1.4 Create a Balance among Central and SBU-Based R&D 50 4.1.5 Be More Strategic in Technology Sourcing 52 4.1.6 Codevelop 53 4.1.7 Establish a Technology Intelligence Process 62 4.1.8 Extract Maximum Valu
22、e out of Technology 63 4.2 Implementing Solutions 66 4.2.1 Prepare for Change 67 4.2.2 Pay Attention to the Unwritten Rules of the Game 68 4.2.3 Use Appropriate Metrics 71 Chapter 5 Best Practice Case Studies 75 5.1 Caterpillar 75 5.2 Toyota 77 5.3 Ford Motor Company 79 5.4 IBM 83 5.4.1 IPD Model Pr
23、inciples 85 5.4.2 Benefits 89 5.5 General Motors 91 5.6 Delphi Automotive Systems 92 5.7 Closing 103 References 105 Additional References 107 Index 111 About the Authors 119 x1 GLOBAL TRENDS IN AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS 1.1 Introduction This book is about the management of technology. Identifying the chall
24、enges that managers of technology face and how to address them is the central core of the book. However, before initiating a discussion of this topic, let us lay the groundwork by first making some quick observations on global market trends and their implications for prod- uct development and, hence
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