SAE J 1334-2015 Hydraulic Cylinder Integrity Test.pdf

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1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther

2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this

3、publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-49

4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1334_201509 SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE J1334 SEP2015 Issued 1987-06 R

5、evised 2015-09 Superseding J1334 OCT2003 Hydraulic Cylinder Integrity Test RATIONALE This Standard is revised to clarify definitions and incorporate ISO 4406 as reference for fluid cleanliness. 1. SCOPE Applies to hydraulic cylinders which are components of Off-Road Work Machines defined in SAE J111

6、6. 1.1 Purpose To provide a laboratory method for determining the structural integrity of a double acting hydraulic cylinder. General seal performance is monitored during the cylinder cycle test. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to t

7、he extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.

8、SAE J1116 Categories of Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines SAE J1176 External Leakage Classifications for Hydraulic Systems SAE J1276 Standardized Fluid for Hydraulic Component Tests SAE J1336 Hydraulic Cylinder Leakage Test SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 2 of 9 2.1.2 ISO Publications Avail

9、able from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 4406 Hydraulic Fluid Power - Fluids - Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particles 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 AVERAGE CYLINDER ROD VELOCITY The sum of twice

10、the stroke length divided by the sum of the movement time for the rod to extend and retract. 3.2 CYCLE The movement of the piston and rod from its starting point and return to its original position. for a specified test stroke length 3.3 CYCLE RATE The number of cycles per unit of time. 3.4 PROOF TE

11、ST PRESSURE The maximum pressure which can be applied that does not cause any permanent set or deformation. 3.5 RATED PRESSURE The continuous duty operating pressure specified by the manufacturer. 3.6 ROD TEMPERATURE The temperature of the rod surface during or immediately after cycling. Record loca

12、tion and method of sampling. 3.7 SIDE LOAD A force which is in a direction, unless otherwise specified, perpendicular to the axial loading of the cylinder to simulate loading due to external forces on the cylinder as defined by the user. 3.8 SPECIFIED FUNCTIONAL LIFE The number of cycles a cylinder

13、can withstand and continue to function as specified. 3.9 TEST STROKE LENGTH The total distance traveled by the piston and rod in one direction. 3.10 CYLINDER FRICTION Internal frictional force measured as the amount of pressure necessary to move the piston with all external (either mechanical or hyd

14、raulic) forces removed or in balance. 3.11 SPECIFIED COLUMN LOAD Maximum compressive load as specified by the test requester, including all appropriate Safety Factors required for the intended application. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 3 of 9 4. TESTING CONDITIONS 4.1 Accuracy of Measurement

15、The accuracy of measurements, unless otherwise stated, shall be; Temperature 3 C, Pressure 2%, Leakage 2%, Time 2%, and Length 2%. 4.2 Test Fluid The test fluid shall be according to SAE J1276 unless otherwise specified. 4.3 Test Pressure The operational test pressure shall be the manufacturers rate

16、d pressure and measured at the cylinder work ports. A 10% transient overshoot is permissible unless another amount is agreed upon by the user. 4.4 Pressure Rise Rate The pressure rise rate shall be a minimum of 150 MPa per second. 4.5 Contamination Level The test system shall have a contamination le

17、vel not to exceed ISO 4406 Code -/17/14. 4.6 Test Stroke Length The length of stroke for the cycle test procedure shall be equal to at least 15% of the maximum stroke length of the hydraulic cylinder. 4.7 Cycle Rate The cycle rate shall be as specified by the manufacturer unless to be agreed upon be

18、tween supplier and manufacturer based on cylinder rating. 4.8 Specified Functional Life Rating The specified functional life rating as specified by the manufacturer. 4.9 Proof Test Pressure The proof test pressure shall be as specified by the manufacturer or 200% of the rated pressure if none is spe

19、cified. 5. TEST EQUIPMENT Use a suitable test fixture, for example, an oscillating beam type, a conventional in-line beam type, or a similar fixture, in which the test cylinder can be loaded and driven in either direction under both static and dynamic conditions. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page

20、 4 of 9 6. BUCKLING TEST (SEE FIGURE 1) The test cylinder shall be specially prepared to represent a working unit, (e.g., while fully extended and supported on pins at end joints). Apply the specified column load to the extended piston rod. The load shall be gradually applied and radial deflection s

21、hould be measured at 20% intervals of the specified column load requirements. Figure 1 - Buckling test 7. CYLINDER FRICTION TEST (SEE FIGURE 2) Figure 2A - Cylinder friction test rod end pressurized SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 5 of 9 Figure 2B - Cylinder friction test base end pressurized 7

22、.1 Fill both sides of the cylinder with hydraulic fluid and vent the base end to atmosphere. Conduct the test at ambient temperature. 7.2 Position the piston at the midpoint of the cylinder under test. 7.3 Apply increasing pressure to the rod end of the cylinder under test. (See Figure 2A.) 7.4 Reco

23、rd on DATA sheet the minimum pressure at which the piston moves and also the pressure required to keep it moving. Record the temperature. 7.5 Repeat the previous test for the reverse direction by applying pressure to the base end and venting the rod end to atmosphere. (See Figure 2B.) 7.6 Test may b

24、e conducted at other stroke positions. Record position and pressure. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 6 of 9 8. CYCLE TEST PROCEDURE (SEE FIGURE 3) Figure 3 - Typical test setup for endurance testing 8.1 Install test cylinder in cycle test stand. 8.2 Connect test cylinder to a fluid power source

25、 and cycle maximum stroke to displace the trapped air. 8.3 Fully extend the cylinder rod and pressurize the cap port to the specified proof pressure. Hold one minute minimum. (For initial startup only.) 8.4 Fully retract the cylinder rod and pressurize the rod end port to the specified proof pressur

26、e. Hold one minute minimum. (For initial start up only.) 8.5 Position the cylinder rod to cycle within 20% of the middle section of the stroke. 8.6 Cycle the test cylinder for one hundred cycles at rated pressure to simulate a Break-in period. 8.7 Conduct leakage test in accordance with SAE J1336 on

27、 both internal and external seals. 8.8 Cycle the cylinder against the external load at the specified operational test pressure and cycle rate. Fluid test temperature, measured in the supply line, shall be 50 C or 110 C, or as agreed between the user and supplier. Multiple tests may be performed, eac

28、h at a different temperature. If more than one temperature is used, the temperatures shall be alternated at each leakage check point as specified in 8.9. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 7 of 9 8.9 Continue the specified cycling for 100% of the duty cycles desired, or until malfunction occurs. M

29、easure drift rates of piston seal leakage every 50,000 cycles or at agreed upon intervals in accordance with SAE J1336, Section 6. Obtain accumulated rod seal leakage in accordance with SAE J1336, Section 7, and record during cycle test and calculate Kc, Dynamic Leakage Coefficient. Classification o

30、f leakage shall be in accordance with SAE J1176. 8.10 No modifications or repairs shall be made during the operational test. 8.11 Pin joints shall be greased when necessary. 9. IMPULSE ENDURANCE TEST (SEE FIGURE 4) Figure 4 - Impulse endurance test 9.1 Position and mechanically hold cylinder at appr

31、oximately mid-stroke extension and pressure cycle alternately the base end and the rod end from a minimum pressure to a pressure limited to 125% of the rated pressure (each direction) of the cylinder assembly at a minimum rate of 60 pressure cycles per minute. Pressure cycle test cylinder for 70% of

32、 the total number of duty cycles specified. Note the pressure in the cylinder should return to zero, or no more than 10% of test pressure, before pressurizing the opposite side on every cycle. 10. PRESENTATION OF RESULTS 10.1 Record general data shown in Appendix A. (See copy.) 10.2 Record cycles, f

33、luid temperature, and rod temperature. 10.3 Record drift rate in accordance with SAE J1336, Section 6. 10.4 Record external leakage during cycling portion of test in accordance with SAE J1336, Section 7. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 8 of 9 10.5 Report and failures or external leakage. 11. NO

34、TES 11.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete rev

35、ision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE CTTC C1, HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS COMMITTEE SAE INTERNATIONAL J1334 SEP2015 Page 9 of 9 APPENDIX A HYDRAULIC CYLINDER INTEGRITY TEST Figure A1 - Hydraulic cylinder integrity test