NFPA 54H-2015 National Fuel Gas Code Handbook (NINTH EDITION).pdf

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1、National Fuel Gas Code Handbook54HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 1 10/16/14 3:40 PM54HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 2 10/16/14 3:40 PMNational Fire Protection AssociationQuincy, MassachusettsWith the complete text of the 2015 edition of NFPA54, National Fuel Gas CodeNational Fuel Gas Code Handbookninth EDitiOnAmer

2、ican Gas AssociationWashington, DCEdited byDenise BeachSenior Engineer, NFPA54HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 3 10/16/14 3:40 PMProduct Management: Debra RoseDevelopment and Production: Irene HerlihyCopyediting: Barbara IngallsPermissions: Josiane DomeniciArt Direction: Cheryl LangwayIllustrations: Shepherd

3、, Inc.Cover Design: Twist Creative GroupInterior Design: Cheryl LangwayComposition: Shepherd, Inc.Manufacturing: Ellen GliskerPrinting/Binding: R.R. Donnelley/WillardCopyright 2014 American Gas AssociationNational Fire Protection Association400 N. Capitol St. NWOne Batterymarch Park Suite 450Quincy,

4、 Massachusetts 02169-7471 Washington, DC 20001All rights reserved.Important Notices and Disclaimers: Publication of this handbook is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to a

5、chieve a work of high quality, neither the NFPA, AGA, nor the contributors to this handbook guarantee or warrantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connection with the information and opinions contained in this handbook. The NFPA, AGA, and the contributors shall in no event

6、 be liable for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this handbook.This handbook is published with the understanding that the

7、 NFPA, AGA, and the contributors to this handbook are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code (“NFPA 54

8、”), is, like all NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), made available for use subject to Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers, which appear at the end of this handbook and can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.Notice Concerning Code Interpretations:

9、 This ninth edition of the National Fuel Gas Handbook is based on the 2015 edition of NFPA 54. All NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) are developed in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn f

10、rom a broad array of relevant interests. The handbook contains the complete text of NFPA70E and any applicable Formal Interpretations issued by the NFPA at the time of publication. This NFPA Standard is accompanied by explanatory commentary and other supplementary materials.The commentary and supple

11、mentary materials in this handbook are not a part of the NFPA Standard and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The commentary and

12、supplementary materials, therefore, solely reflect the personal opinions of the editor or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.REMINDER: UPDATING OF NFPA STANDARDSNFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code, like all NFPA codes, standa

13、rds, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An official NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim

14、Amendment and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether an NFPA Standard has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, visit the Document Information Pages on NFPAs website. The Document Information Pages provide up-to-date, document spe

15、cific information including any issued Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata. To access the Document Information Page for a specific NFPA Standard go to http:/www.nfpa.org/document for a list of NFPA Standards, and click on the appropriate Standard number (e.g., NFPA 54). In addition to posting al

16、l existing Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata, the Document Information Page also includes the option to sign-up for an “Alert” feature to receive an email notification when new updates and other information are posted regarding the document.The following are registered trademarks of the Nation

17、al Fire Protection Association:National Fire Protection AssociationNFPALife Safety Codeand 101Building Construction and Safety Codeand NFPA 5000National Electrical Code, NFPA 70, and NECNFPA 72NFPA No.: 54HB15ISBN (book): 978-1-455-90869-1ISBN (PDF): 978-1-455-9870-7ISBN (e-book): 978-1-455-91001-4P

18、rinted in the United States of America14 15 16 17 18 5 4 3 2 154HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 4 10/16/14 3:40 PMvContentsPreface ixHistory of the National Fuel Gas Code xiAbout the Contributors xiiiAbout the Editor xvPART ONENFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code, 2015 Edition, with Commentary 11 Administration

19、31.1 Scope 31.2 Purpose 101.3 Retroactivity 111.4 Equivalency 111.5 Enforcement 112 Referenced Publications 132.1 General 132.2 NFPA Publications 132.3 Other Publications 142.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections 163 Definitions 173.1 General 173.2 NFPA Official Definitions 173.3 General D

20、efinitions 184 General 374.1 Qualified Agency 374.2 Interruption of Service 374.3 Prevention of Accidental Ignition 384.4 Noncombustible Material 395 Gas Piping System Design, Materials, and Components 415.1 Piping Plan 415.2 Provision for Location of Point of Delivery 435.3 Interconnections Between

21、 Gas Piping Systems 435.4 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems 445.5 Piping System Operating Pressure Limitations 495.6 Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining Methods 515.7 Gas Meters 655.8 Gas Pressure Regulators 675.9 Overpressure Protection Devices 705.10 Back Pressure Protection 735.11 Low-Pressure Pro

22、tection 745.12 Shutoff Valves 745.13 Excess Flow Valve(s) 755.14 Expansion and Flexibility 756 Pipe Sizing 776.1 Pipe Sizing Methods 776.2 Tables for Sizing Gas Piping Systems Using Natural Gas 796.3 Tables for Sizing Gas Piping Systems Using Propane 1046.4 Sizing Equations 1187 Gas Piping Installat

23、ion 1197.1 Piping Underground 1197.2 Installation of Piping 1317.3 Concealed Piping in Buildings 1347.4 Piping in Vertical Chases 1367.5 Gas Pipe Turns 1377.6 Drips and Sediment Traps 1397.7 Outlets 14154HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 5 10/16/14 3:40 PMvi Contents2015 National Fuel Gas Code Handbook7.8 Bra

24、nch Pipe Connection 1437.9 Manual Gas Shutoff Valves 1437.10 Prohibited Devices 1457.11 Systems Containing GasAir Mixtures Outside the Flammable Range 1457.12 Systems Containing Flammable GasAir Mixtures 1457.13 Electrical Bonding and Grounding 1477.14 Electrical Circuits 1507.15 Electrical Connecti

25、ons 1508 Inspection, Testing, and Purging 1538.1 Pressure Testing and Inspection 1538.2 Piping System Leak Check 1588.3 Purging Requirements 1609 Appliance, Equipment, and Accessory Installation 1659.1 General 1669.2 Accessibility and Clearance 1769.3 Air for Combustion and Ventilation 1779.4 Applia

26、nces on Roofs 2019.5 Appliances in Attics 2039.6 Appliance and Equipment Connections to Building Piping 2049.7 Electrical 2109.8 Room Temperature Thermostats 21110 Installation of Specific Appliances 21310.1 General 21410.2 Air-Conditioning Appliances (Gas-Fired Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps) 2151

27、0.3 Central Heating Boilers and Furnaces 21910.4 Clothes Dryers 23110.5 Conversion Burners 23510.6 Decorative Appliances for Installation in Vented Fireplaces 23610.7 Gas Fireplaces, Vented 23710.8 Non-Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired Industrial Air Heaters 23910.9 Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired Indus

28、trial Air Heaters 24010.10 Duct Furnaces 24210.11 Floor Furnaces 24310.12 Food Service Appliance, Floor-Mounted 24510.13 Food Service Appliances, Counter Appliances 24810.14 Household Cooking Appliances 24810.15 Illuminating Appliances 25010.16 Incinerators, Commercial-Industrial 25210.17 Infrared H

29、eaters 25210.18 Open-Top Broiler Units 25310.19 Outdoor Cooking Appliances 25410.20 Pool Heaters 25510.21 Refrigerators 25610.22 Room Heaters 25710.23 Stationary Gas Engines 25910.24 Gas-Fired Toilets 25910.25 Unit Heaters 26110.26 Wall Furnaces 26210.27 Water Heaters 26510.28 Compressed Natural Gas

30、 (CNG) Vehicular Fuel Systems 26810.29 Appliances for Installation in Manufactured Housing 26810.30 Fuel Cell Power Plants 26910.31 Outdoor Open Flame Decorative Appliances 26911 Procedures to Be Followed to Place Appliance in Operation 27311.1 Adjusting the Burner Input 27311.2 Primary Air Adjustme

31、nt 27811.3 Safety Shutoff Devices 27911.4 Automatic Ignition 27911.5 Protective Devices 27911.6 Checking the Draft 27911.7 Operating Instructions 28012 Venting of Appliances 28112.1 Minimum Safe Performance 28412.2 General 28412.3 Specification for Venting 28512.4 Design and Construction 28812.5 Typ

32、e of Venting System to Be Used 29212.6 Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys 29512.7 Gas Vents 30612.8 Single-Wall Metal Pipe 31412.9 Through-the-Wall Vent Termination 31912.10 Condensation Drain 32112.11 Vent Connectors for Category I Appliances 32112.12 Vent Connectors for Category II, Catego

33、ry III, and Category IV Appliances 32612.13 Draft Hoods and Draft Controls 32612.14 Manually Operated Dampers 32912.15 Automatically Operated Vent Dampers 32912.16 Obstructions 32954HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 6 10/16/14 3:40 PMContents vii2015 National Fuel Gas Code Handbook13 Sizing of Category I Vent

34、ing Systems 33313.1 Additional Requirements to Single Appliance Vent 33413.2 Additional Requirements to Multiple-Appliance Vent 348AnnexesA Explanatory Material 367B Sizing and Capacities of Gas Piping 369C Suggested Method of Checking for Leakage 393D Suggested Emergency Procedure for Gas Leaks 397

35、E Flow of Gas Through Fixed Orifices 399F Sizing of Venting Systems Serving Appliances Equipped with Draft Hoods, Category I Appliances, and Appliances Listed for Use with Type B Vents 407G Recommended Procedure for Safety Inspection of an Existing Appliance Installation 435H Indoor Combustion Air C

36、alculation Examples 445I Example of Combination of Indoor and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design 453J Enforcement 455K Informational References 457PART T WOSupplements 4631 Development of Revised Venting Guidelines 4652 Fuel Gas Odorization 4853 Procedure to Estimate Infiltration Rate

37、 for Residential Structures 4934 Calculation Worksheets 5015 Clearance Distance for Gas Appliance Sidewall Venting 5116 Purging 5217 Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) 5258 Technical/Substantive Changes from the 2012 Edition to the 2015 Edition of NFPA 54 529Index 543Important Notices and Lega

38、l Disclaimers 55554HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 7 10/16/14 3:40 PM54HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 8 10/16/14 3:40 PMixPrefaceThis ninth edition of the National Fuel Gas Code Handbook continues the work begun in 1988 to help users of the National Fuel Gas Code to understand and use the code more easily. The cod

39、e must be written using a technically clear, usable, and enforceable style suitable for adoption into law. This handbook provides commentary that brings the legalistic language of the code to life.This handbook has grown considerably since its first edition, published in 1988. New material in the co

40、de accounts for part of this growth, but most of the increase comes from added commentary, revised supplements, and calculation worksheets that are intended to be reproduced and used.The purpose of this handbook is to assist enforcers and users of the National Fuel Gas Code in inspecting and install

41、ing gas piping, gas appliances, and venting for gas appliances.The 2015 edition of the code contains several important changes. The reader is referred to Supplement 8, Technical/Substantive Changes from the 2012 Edition to the 2015 Edition of NFPA 54, where the significant changes and the reasons th

42、ereof are explained.AcknowledgmentsThe contributions of all those who participated in the development of this ninth edition of the handbook are very much appreciated. First and foremost, I express gratitude to the National Fuel Gas Code Committee, the authors of the code. The committees attention to

43、 technical detail and hard work within the consensus code-making process make NFPA 54 a document that commands respect.For each edition, the assistance of experts in a field covered by the code is obtained to assist in keeping the commentary up to date, to the degree possible. The development of thi

44、s ninth edition of the National Fuel Gas Code Handbook was assisted by two contributors, Pennie Feehan and Jason Woodruff. In addition, I thank Paul Cabot, committee secretary and staff liaison to the ANSI Z223 committee, for his review of the commentary and recommendations to improve the book.Of co

45、urse, any edition of a book builds on the editions that have preceded it, and the fol-lowing people are acknowledged for their work on previous editions of this handbook:Richard White, Orrin Burwell, J. Herbert Witte, and Forrest G. Hammaker, Jr., assisted with the editing of the inaugural edition o

46、f the National Fuel Gas Code Handbook in 1988. Joseph Drechsler contributed significantly to the second edition, published in 1992.Alan Callahan assisted with the editing of the second edition. Committee members Ross Burnside and Mike Gorham were contributing authors to the third edition. Robert Bor

47、geson and Bradford Wong were contributing authors to the fourth edition.Bradley Wong and Jay Mullowney were contributing authors to the fifth edition.Jim Brewer and Roger Rotundo were contributing authors to the sixth edition.54HB15_CH00_FM i_xvi.indd 9 10/16/14 3:40 PM2015 National Fuel Gas Code Ha

48、ndbookx PrefaceThomas Crane, Scott Sollars, and Matt Wilbur were contributing authors to the sev-enth edition. Hall Virgil made additional contributions to the venting chapters in the seventh edition.William Raleigh and Franklin Switzer were contributing authors to the eighth edition.I also apprecia

49、te the efforts of the NFPA staff who made this book possible. My sincere thanks go to Product Manager Debra Rose for her assistance and gentle reminders of the practical side of producing a handbook. Thanks also go to Irene Herlihy, Developmental and Production Editor; Josiane Domenici, Permissions Editor; and Barbara Ingalls, Copy Editor. Finally, I would like to thank Theodore (Ted) Lemoff, the originator of the NFPA 54 handbook effort and editor of all previous editions. Ted is the reason I joined the NFPA staff, and it is with his “sea