NAVY DOD-HDBK-289-1986 LIGHTING ON NAVAL SHIPS (METRIC)《海军船只照明(公制) 》.pdf
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1、METRICDOD-HDBK-289(SH)26 November 1986SUPERSEDINGNAVSEA 0964-000-200015 July 1974MILITARY HANDBOOKLIGHTINGONNAVAL SHIPS(METRIC)AMSC N/A FSC 62GPDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A Approved for public release, distribution unlimitedProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without lic
2、ense from IHS-,-,-DOD-HDBK-289(SH)26 November 1986DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSENAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMANDWashington, DC 20362-5101Lighting on Naval Ships1. This standardization handbook is approved for use by the Naval SeaSystems Command, Department of the Navy and is available for use by all Depart-ments an
3、d Agencies of the Department of Defense.2. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and anypertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should beaddressed to: Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA 55Z3, Department ofthe Navy, Washington, DC 20362-5101 by using
4、 the self-addressed StandardizationDocument Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this docu-ment or by letter.iiProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-DOD-HDBK-289(SH)26 November 1986FOREWORDThe purpose of this handbook
5、 is to disseminate upto-date informationnecessary for the optimum utilization of lighting fixtures and lighting instal-lations on Naval ships. The criteria contained herein are based on both newrequirements and past practices in general use. It should be noted, however,that the nature and peculiarit
6、ies of certain types of ships or certain areasof application may necessitate a deviation from these criteria, thereby requir-ing a judicious application of same.iiiProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Paragraph 1.1.11.22.2.12.1.12.1.22.23.
7、3.13.1.13.1.23.1.33.1.43.1.53.1.63.1.73.1.83.1.93.23.2.13.2.23.2.33.2.43.2.53.2.5.13.2.5.23.2.63.2.73.2.83.33.3.13.3.23.3.33.3.43.3.53.43.4.13.4.1.13.4.1.23.4.1.33.4.1.43.4.1.53.4.1.63.4.1.7DOD-HDBK-289(SH)26 November 1986CONTENTSPageSCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gener
8、al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Specifications and standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9、Other Government documents, drawings, andpublications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Other publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . Principles of light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light .Propagation . .
10、 . . . . . .Reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diffusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Refraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Absorption . . . . . . . . . . . .
11、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Light and vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Light and how
12、the eye sees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Two kinds of vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Accommodation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . .Dark adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13、 . . . . . . . Eye sensitivity curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purkinje effect . . . . . . . . . . .Visual field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Principal factors affecting vision . . . . . . . . . . . . Physiological factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Physical fac
14、tors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Illumination levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Background illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Terminology and lighting equations . . . . . . . . .
15、 Lighting terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Luminous flux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Candlepower (luminous intensity) . . . . . . . . . Lumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illumination (illuminance) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Footcandle . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brightness (luminance) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Footlambert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1111114566667889910111111121414141515151617181819222323232323232425252526ivProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or network
17、ing permitted without license from IHS-,-,-DOD-HDBK-289(SH)26 November 1986CONTENTS - ContinuedPageParagraph 3.4.1.83.4.1.93.4.23.4.2.13.4.2.23.4.2.33.4.33.53.5.13.5.1.13.5.1.1.13.5.1.1.23.5.1.1.33.5.1.1.43.5.1.23.5.1.33.5.1.43.5.23.5.2.13.5.2.1.13.5.2.1.23.5.2.1.33.5.2.23.5.2.2.13.5.2.2.1.13.5.2.2.
18、1.23.5.2.2.23.5.33.5.3.13.5.3.23.5.3.33.5.3.43.63.6.13.6.23.6.2.13.6.2.23.6.2.33.6.2.43.6.2.53.6.33.6.3.13.6.3.23.6.3.33.6.3.3.13.6.3.3.1.13.6.3.3.1.23.6.3.3.2Reflection factor (reflectance) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Transmission factor (transmittance) . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lighting laws a
19、nd equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inverse square law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosine law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cosine-cubed law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Conversion factors . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lighting calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Distribution curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Candlepower distribution curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of illumination . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lumen output calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lighting fixture efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Candlepower of beam producing lights . . . . . . . . . . . .Isocandela diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isofootcan
22、dle diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Footcandle distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Methods of illumination calculations . . . . . . . . . . . .Point-by-point method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Point source . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Line sources of infinite length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Surface source of infinite area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lumen method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cu.Cavity ratios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 Effective cavity reflectance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Examples of using the lumen method . . . . . . . . . . Floodlighting calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Candlepower and aiming of floodlights . . . .
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