[自考类试卷]自考英语(二)模拟试卷30及答案与解析.doc
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1、自考英语(二)模拟试卷 30 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 The First Settlement in North AmericaIt is very difficult to say just when colonization (殖民) began. The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish tra
2、ding posts in South America, a great interest in gold and adventure, and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part. John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was established as a trader in Bristol, England, when he made a journey in 1497. But his ship, the Matthew, wi
3、th its crew of eighteen, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast) and return home. He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic which enabled the English crown to claim a “legal“ title to North America. But for a long time afterwards the Europeans interest
4、 in America was mainly confined to the Spanish activities further south.The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America was nearly a hundred years after Columbuss first voyage. The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England, calling it Virginia. In 1585
5、 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island, but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led by Drake, in 1587. A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.The first permanent settlement
6、in North America was in 1607. English capitalists founded two Virginia companies, a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol. It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area. The first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves to the company. All
7、 were men and the experiment was not very successful. Many died. Those who survived lived in miserable conditions. By 1619 the colony had only a thousand people.1 We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given2 Among the early settlers in South
8、America in the 16th century were Spanish traders.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given3 With John Cabots arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497, the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given4 There were eighteen people on board the Matthew dur
9、ing its voyage to North America in 1497.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given5 The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 1580s.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given6 The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh.(A)True(B) False(C) Not
10、 Given7 The name New England was given to the southern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given8 Sir Walter Raleigh is a capitalist.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given9 The first settlers in Virginia were all male.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given10
11、The living conditions of the first settlers were bad.(A)True(B) False(C) Not Given二、阅读选择10 Rare Fossil RecordThe preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny, delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers (食腐动物)weathering before they can be fossi
12、lized. Ichthyosaurs (鱼龙) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because , as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by
13、other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur
14、remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales (页岩) deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the
15、 number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanc
16、ed in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden
17、when they are so rare elsewhere? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant
18、 ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.11 All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the_.(A)speed of burying(B) conditions of the water(C) rate at which soft tissues decay(D)cause of death of the animal12 Which of the foll
19、owing is true of the fossil deposits discussed in the passage?(A)They include examples of newly discovered species.(B) They contain large numbers of well-preserved specimens.(C) They are older than fossils found in other places.(D)They have been analyzed more carefully than other fossils.13 The word
20、 “outstanding“ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.(A)extensive (B) surprising(C) vertical(D)excellent14 Why does the author mention the specimen preserved in the birth canal?(A)To illustrate that the embryo fossils are quite advanced in their development.(B) To explain why the fossils are well
21、 preserved.(C) To indicate how the ichthyosaurs died.(D)To prove that ichthyosaurs are marine animals.15 Which of the following best expresses the relationship between the first and second paragraphs?(A)The first paragraph describes a place while the second paragraph describes a field of study.(B) T
22、he first paragraph defines the terms that are used in the second paragraph.(C) The second paragraph describes a specific instance of the general topic discussed in the first paragraph.(D)The second paragraph presents information that contrasts with the information given in the first paragraph.三、概括段落
23、大意和补全句子15 Local Newspapers in Britain1 Britain has a large circulation (发行量) of the national newspapers. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day. On average, every family will buy one newspaper in the morning, and take two or three on Sundays.2 Local newspape
24、rs are just as popular as the national ones in Britain. Local papers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Nearly every town and country area has its own paper, and almost every local paper is financially holding its own. Many local newspapers are earning good profits.3 Local newspapers have thei
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- 自考 试卷 英语 模拟 30 答案 解析 DOC