[考研类试卷]考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷151及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷 151 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 As more and more electrified vehicles hit the floors of car dealerships, conventional wisdom has it that the market wont get moving without richer incen
2、tives and dense battery-charging networks.It s not surprising that the market may take root in big cities: nowhere is the need for cleaner air and reduced carbon dioxide emissions more pressing, and nowhere else can you expect to find as many green-minded early adopters who will welcome a clean vehi
3、cle that takes them the short distances they need to go on one charge. These characteristics make large urban areas the ideal labs for the next phase of electric-vehicle development. Our research offers insights that can guide auto companies, battery makers, infrastructure providers, and city govern
4、ments alike as they consider moving forward with this technology and the networks that support it.Large markets are waiting to be served. We found big clusters of potential early adopters 20 percent in New Yorkwho were distinguished by their green thinking and would consider buying an electric car.F
5、or early adopters, the charging problem isnt as big as it seems. Unlike other groups of car buyers in New York and Shanghai, early adopters were willing to adjust their driving and parking habits to own an electric car. In fact, they indicated that a dense public charging infrastructure would only m
6、odestly increase their interest in buying such cars and that they were willing to cope with more limited charging options. This attitude reduces the need for public investments in the start-up stage, though a broad plug-in infrastructure will no doubt be critical as electrified vehicles migrate to m
7、ass adoption in large cities and elsewhere.This is also good news for automakers, which have the opportunity to overcome another major obstacle: battery limits. Since many drivers in large cities travel only short distancesto and from work, for instancethe near-term cost and duration of electric-car
8、 batteries is less of a problem there than it is elsewhere. Rather than offering only all-purpose electric vehicles, automakers can segment buyers according to their driving missions and develop attractively priced models with no more battery energy storage than many of their city drivers need.Consu
9、mer education is one such measure that will be critical for catalyzing both early and mass adoption. Forty percent of New York and Shanghai respondents said they didnt know much about electric vehicles and many were anxious about driving-range limitations. Few knew that battery-powered cars are rela
10、tively quiet and can potentially accelerate faster than conventional ones. And more important, many werent aware that electric cars help drivers save money on both fuel and maintenance in the long run.1 Why are the big cities more likely to be large markets of electric vehicles?(A)Because city dwell
11、ers like the idea of saving money on gas.(B) Because the distance between the charging places is short.(C) Because there are many environmental friendly people.(D)Because people in large cities are willing to try new things.2 It can be inferred from the passage that the public charging infrastructur
12、e(A)is critical at the start-up stage of electric vehicles.(B) has no influence on consumers buying interest.(C) can greatly reduce the citys pollutant emission.(D)should support the mass adoption of electric vehicles.3 What kind of electric vehicles should automakers produce for city users?(A)All-p
13、urpose vehicles that suit everybody.(B) Economic models for specific consumers.(C) Cheaper and more environment-friendly vehicles.(D)Models with high energy storage batteries.4 Which of the following may discourage the buyers of electric vehicles?(A)Driving range on one charge.(B) Noise of operation
14、.(C) Acceleration speed.(D)Cost on maintenance.5 What is the authors attitude towards electric vehicles?(A)Critical.(B) Favorable.(C) Neutral.(D)Uncertain.5 Helping teachers to lift student achievement more effectively has become a major theme in US education. Most efforts that are now in their earl
15、y stages or being planned focus either on building the skills of teachers already in the classroom or on retaining the best and dismissing the least effective performers. The question of who should actually teach and how the nations schools might attract more young people from the top tier of colleg
16、e graduates, as part of a systematic effort to improve teaching in the United States, has received comparatively little attention.McKinseys experience with school systems in more than 50 countries suggests that there is an important gap in the US teaching. In a new report, Closing the talent gap: At
17、tracting and retaining top-third graduates to careers in teaching, we review the experiences of the worlds top-performing systems, in Finland, Singapore, and South Korea. These countries recruit 100 percent of their teacher corps from the top third of the academic cohort. Along with strong training
18、and good working conditions, this extraordinary selectivity is part of an integrated system that promotes the prestige of teachingand has achieved extraordinary results. In the United States, by contrast, only 23 percent of new teachers come from the top third, and just 14 percent of new teachers wh
19、o come from the top third work in high-poverty schools, where attracting and retaining talented people is particularly difficult. The report asks what it would take to emulate nations that systematically recruit top students to teaching if the United States decided that it was worthwhile to do so.Mc
20、Kinseys survey of nearly 1,500 top-third US college students and current teachers, highlighted in the report, shows that a major effort would be needed to attract and retain the best students to teaching. The stakes are high: recent McKinsey research found that a persistent achievement gap between U
21、S students and those in top-performing nations imposes the economic equivalent of a permanent national recession.Research on whether the academic background of teachers is a useful predictor of classroom effectiveness has had mixed results, and no single reform can be depicted as a silver bullet. Bu
22、t the success of the best-performing national systems suggests that an effort to attract the countrys top students to teaching deserves serious examination as part of a comprehensive human-capital strategy for the US education system.6 What measures has the US considered to take to increase the stud
23、ents achievement?(A)Investing more money on teaching facilities.(B) Providing various training for students.(C) Attracting good graduates in teaching.(D)Firing the incompetent teachers.7 The word “cohort“(Line 5, Para.2)most probably means(A)group.(B) achievement.(C) order.(D)region.8 It can be infe
24、rred from McKinsey research that(A)schools in poor areas have difficulty in attracting good teachers.(B) only around 1,500 top-third students choose to be teachers.(C) improving the students performance may have positive effect on economy.(D)teachers in the US have lower prestige than those in other
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