[考研类试卷]2016年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2016 年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 international reserve currencies2 contaminate3 orphanage4 multilateral cooperation5 external-affairs commissioner6 terrorist attack7 open ports to foreign trade8 vehicle exhaust9 live TV broadcast10 insurance policy11 put oneself in someones shoes12 jeopardize13 inte

2、rcultural communication14 foreign exchange dealing15 APEC汉译英16 友好合作的伙伴关系17 和平共处18 全民奥运19 不平等条约20 小康社会21 全球化22 感恩节23 农历24 紧急出口25 关税26 财政部27 通货膨胀28 防御性策略29 国债30 欧洲联盟英译汉31 The manufacture of plastics requires a large quantity of heavy machines as well as knowledge of science. Today the greater part of

3、plastics is manufactured by the worlds great oil refineries and chemical works. Chemical works are factories which produce chemicalsa manmade liquids, gases and solid materials. The refineries and chemical works produce many different kinds of raw plastics, which are then taken to the tens of thousa

4、nds of factories which made plastic products.Machines for making plastic objects are very different from those used for manufacturing articles of wood or metal or other natural materials. For raw plastics must first be softened by heat and then pressed into moulds. It is the moulds which give plasti

5、c objects their shapes. These moulds can be of any shape or size. And the same mould can be used over and over again. In fact one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out. This is one of the reasons why plastic things are so cheap. 32 There is a difference between knowledge a

6、nd wisdom, but without the one the other cannot be gained. We cannot have a harvest of wheat without seed and skill of cultivation. Knowledge is the root of wisdom; wisdom is the ripe fruit of knowledge. The love of knowledge has been characteristic of most great men. They not only loved knowledge b

7、ut they were willing to work hard to attain it. When a man wins success, people say, “He is a genius.“ But the real cause for his success was that the love of knowledge led to the effort to obtain it. Useful knowledge is the knowledge which is of benefit to ourselves and to others, and that is the m

8、ost important which is the most useful. It is the belief of many people that knowledge is better than riches, and that its possession brings more comfort to the owner than anything else. The power of intellectual knowledge, without the owner of moral principle, often tends to evil. Character is the

9、criterion of knowledge. Not what a man has, but what he is, is the question. The quality of soul is more than the quantity of information. If we have noble purpose, our intellectual attainments will naturally turn to the loftiest uses. (From On Knowledge by W. F. Mark-wick and W. A. Smith)33 The mig

10、hty Pacific washes the shores of the continentsNorth America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica. Its waters mingle in the southeast with the Atlantic Ocean and in the southwest with the Indian Ocean. It is not on the shores of continents or in the coastal islands, however, that the soul

11、 of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky.When white men first came to the Pacific islands, they found that the people living there were like happy children. They were tall men and beautiful women who se

12、emed not to have a care in the world. Coconut palms and breadfruit trees grew at the doors of their huts. The ocean was filled with turtles and fish, ready for the net. (From Pacific Ocean)汉译英34 国与国之间的交往，特别是经贸互动，既存在着合作，又存在着竞争。我们主张竞争要开放包容，推动各国在竞争中发挥各自的比较优势，实现共同发展。我们主张竞争要平等公平，反对把经贸问题政治化，反对双重标准，也反对歧视性待

13、遇。我们主张竞争要互利共赢，在实现自身利益的同时，要照顾对方的利益，要懂得换位思考，不能以邻为壑、损人利己，更不能人为地设立对手，树立对立面。我们主张竞争要平衡有度，对于那些由于历史原因和现实因素，在竞争当中处于相对不利地位的发展中国家，应该施以援手，尽力去帮助、去扶持，来提高发展中国家的竞争力和可持续发展能力。(选白杨洁篪携手谱写共同发展新篇章)35 三人行，必有我师焉，择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。我非生而知之者，好古，敏以求之者也。吾十有五而志乎学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲不逾矩。(选自 论语(Confucian Analects)2016 年东北

14、师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 国际储备货币2 【正确答案】 污染，弄脏3 【正确答案】 孤儿院4 【正确答案】 多边合作5 【正确答案】 外事专员6 【正确答案】 恐怖袭击7 【正确答案】 开放通商口岸8 【正确答案】 汽车尾气9 【正确答案】 现场直播10 【正确答案】 保险单，保单11 【正确答案】 从别人的立场上去思考问题；换位思考12 【正确答案】 危害，危及13 【正确答案】 跨文化交流14 【正确答案】 外汇交易15 【正确答案】 (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)亚洲太平洋经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)汉译英16

15、【正确答案】 friendly cooperative partnership17 【正确答案】 peaceful coexistence18 【正确答案】 the National Fitness initiated by Olympics19 【正确答案】 unequal treaty; unjust treaty20 【正确答案】 a moderately prosperous society21 【正确答案】 globalization22 【正确答案】 Thanksgiving Day23 【正确答案】 lunar calendar24 【正确答案】 emergency exit25

16、 【正确答案】 tariff26 【正确答案】 Ministry of Finance; Treasury Department27 【正确答案】 inflation28 【正确答案】 defensive strategy29 【正确答案】 national debt; government loan30 【正确答案】 European Union (EU)英译汉31 【正确答案】 生产塑料需要大量的有关重机器以及科学方面的知识。如今，较大部分的塑料都是由世界上大的炼油厂以及化工厂生产。化工厂指的是生产化学制剂(人工液体、气体以及固体物质)的工厂。炼油厂、化工厂生产各种各样的原塑料，然后这些原

17、塑料被送往数以万计的工厂去生产塑料制品。生产塑料制品的机器与那些生产木制的、金属的或其他天然材料的产品的机器截然不同。原因是原塑料必须先经过高温软化，然后再挤压成模具。就是这些模具使得塑料制品有了形状。这些模具的形状、大小各异，并且同样的模具可以反复使用。事实上，一个模具在它破损之前可以生产出成千上万件物品，这就是为什么塑料制品如此便宜的原因之一。32 【正确答案】 知识与智慧有所区别，但两者相辅相成。没有种子和耕作技术，我们便无从收获麦粒。知识是智慧之根基，智慧乃知识之硕果。大多数伟人都有一个共同的特质：热爱知识。他们不单是热爱，而且愿意刻苦钻研去获得它。当一个人成功了，人们会说：“ 他是一

18、个天才。 ”但他成功背后的真正原因，却是源于对知识的热爱和由此激发的对真知的追求。有用的知识是那些对我们且对他人有益的知识，最有用的便是最重要的。很多人都坚信，知识胜于财富，拥有知识带来的满足要强过任何其他的东西。然而，知识如果没有道德规范的引导，往往引人走向邪恶。品性便是知识的准绳。问题不在于一个人拥有什么而在于他是一个什么样的人。心灵的品质比知识的多少更重要。如果我们目标崇高，那么我们拥有的知识自然会被用向崇高的用途。33 【正确答案】 太平洋气势磅礴，滚滚波涛拍打着五大洲海岸北美洲、南美洲、亚洲、大洋洲和南极洲。太平洋在东南方与大西洋汇合，在西南方与印度洋相接。然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之

19、处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。白人首先登上这些太平洋海岛时，发现生活在那里的人们像孩子一样欢乐。男人身材高大、女人美丽温婉，他们无忧无虑，似乎对世界上的一切事物都不用操心。屋子门前生长着椰子树和面包树，海洋里鱼鳖成群，张网可得。汉译英34 【正确答案】 There is both cooperation and competition in state-to-state relations, especially in their economic and trade interactions. W

20、e believe that competition should be open and inclusive so that it can bring out the comparative advantages of different countries and lead to common development. We maintain that competition should be equal and fair. We dont think economic and trade issues should be politicized, and we are against

21、double standards and discriminatory treatment. We are of the view that competition should lead to mutual benefit. While pursuing ones own interests, it is necessary to think for others and accommodate others interests. It is ill-advised to follow a beggar-thy-neighbor policy or stir up confrontation

22、 by labeling hypothetical rivals. Last but not least, we believe that competition should be balanced and appropriate. Due to historical and practical reasons, some developing countries are at a disadvantageous position in competition. We must do everything we can to help them increase their competit

23、iveness and capacity for sustainable development.35 【正确答案】 Amongst three people, one can certainly be good enough to be my teacher, from whom I will find something to learn. Their good qualities are to be followed, and their shortcomings are to be avoided.Im not the one who is born with knowledge. T

24、he reason why I know so many things is that I love knowledge and Id like to learn it diligently.At fifteen, I set my heart upon learning. At thirty, I had planted my firm feet upon the ground. At forty, I no longer suffered from perplexities. At fifty, I knew what the biddings of Heaven were. At sixty, I heard them with docile ear. At seventy, I could follow the dictates of my own heart, for what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right, (选自论语 (Confucian Analects)