EN 959-2007 en Mountaineering Equipment - Rock Anchors - Safety Requirements and Test Methods《登山运动器材 岩石锚定 安全要求和试验方法》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 959:2007Mountaineering equipment Rock anchors Safety requirements and test methodsThe European Standard EN 959:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 97.220.40g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g

2、55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 959:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 57965 3National forewordThis British Standard is the UK i

3、mplementation of EN 959:2007. It supersedes BS EN 959:1997 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee SW/136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, to Subcommittee SW/136/5, Mountaineering equipment.A list of organizations represent

4、ed on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issu

5、ed since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 959June 2007ICS 97.220.40 Supersedes EN 959:1996 English VersionMountaineering equipment - Rock anchors - Safetyrequirements and test methodsEquipement dalpinisme et descalade - Amarrages pourrocher - Exigenc

6、es de scurit et mthodes dessaiBergsteigerausrstung - Bohrhaken - SicherheitstechnischeAnforderungen und PrfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 May 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europ

7、eanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English,

8、French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus

9、, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EU

10、ROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 959:2007: EEN 959:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Sc

11、ope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Safety requirements 5 4.1 Materials .5 4.2 Design .5 4.3 Loadbearing capacity7 5 Test methods7 5.1 Check of materials.7 5.2 Apparatus .7 5.3 Procedure .7 6 Marking .9 7 Information supplied by the manufacturer .10 Annex A (informative) Stan

12、dards on mountaineering equipment11 Annex B (informative) Choice of materials for different environmental conditions and the consequences for inspection and maintenance 12 Annex C (informative) The need for longer length rock anchors for use in soft rock .13 Bibliography 14 EN 959:2007 (E) 3 Forewor

13、d This document (EN 959:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document supersedes EN 959:1996. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by p

14、ublication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to imp

15、lement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub-lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerla

16、nd and United Kingdom. EN 959:2007 (E) 4 Introduction The text of this document is based on the former UIAA-Standard P (Union Internationale des Associations dAlpinisme), which has been prepared with international participation. This standard is one of a package of standards for mountaineering equip

17、ment, see Annex A. EN 959:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements and test methods for rock anchors for use in mountaineering including climbing. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For date

18、d refer-ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12275:1998, Mountaineering equipment Connectors Safety requirements and test methods ISO 1920-3, Testing of concrete - Part 3: Making and curing

19、 test specimens 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 rock anchor anchoring device intended for repeated use after installation, that is inserted into a drilled hole in the rock and held in place by gluing, or expansion for

20、ces, or positive locking, and with an attachment point for a connector (in accordance with 3.1 of EN 12275:1998) 3.2 body of the rock anchor part of the rock anchor that will be installed in the rock 3.3 hanger attachment point capable of being separated from the body of a rock anchor 3.4 installed

21、length distance from the rock surface to the furthest point of the body in mechanical contact with the rock or bonded to the rock, after installation 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Materials All parts of a rock anchor shall be manufactured from the same material. NOTE Depending on environmental factors,

22、rock anchors are potentially liable to suffer from corrosion. Information on the choice of materials and the need for inspection and maintenance is given in Annex B. 4.2 Design 4.2.1 The overall thickness of the border of the eye shall be 3 mm. If the edges are bevelled, the remaining inner surface

23、shall have a minimum width of 2 mm. EN 959:2007 (E) 6 4.2.2 All corners that will be more than 12 mm from the rock surface shall be rounded to a radius R of a minimum 10 mm (see Figure 1). Dimensions in millimetres Key R minimum 10 mm NOTE A-A see Figure 2 Figure 1 Clear width and external shape of

24、the eye 4.2.3 All edges that can be handled after placement of the rock anchor in the rock shall be rounded to a radius R of minimum 0,2 mm or bevelled to a minimum of 0,2 mm 45 (see Figure 2). This applies to inner and outer edges. Key l1minimum 0,2 mm 45 l2minimum 2 mm l3minimum 3 mm Figure 2 Inte

25、rnal edges of the eye 4.2.4 After inserting the rock anchor in the concrete block, the eye shall be wide enough to accommodate two pins, one with a diameter of (15 0,1) mm for the lower part and one with a diameter of (11 0,1) mm for the upper part (see Figure 1). 4.2.5 In case of expansion-type roc

26、k anchors the expansion shall not be dependent on contact with the bot-tom of the drilled hole. EN 959:2007 (E) 7 4.2.6 For glued-in rock anchors, the installed length shall be 70 mm minimum. For mechanical rock anchors, the installed length shall be at least five times the diameter of the drilled h

27、ole (in accordance with the manufacturers instructions). NOTE For installation in rock softer rather than the concrete test block, a longer length can be necessary to achieve the required load bearing capacity. Further information is given in Annex C. 4.3 Loadbearing capacity 4.3.1 Axial loadbearing

28、 capacity When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2, the rock anchor shall withstand an axial load of 15 kN, without being pulled out of the concrete block or breaking. Permanent deformation is permissible. 4.3.2 Radial loadbearing capacity When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.3, the rock anchor shall

29、withstand a radial load of 25 kN, without being pulled out of the concrete block or breaking. Permanent deformation is permissible. 5 Test methods 5.1 Check of materials The manufacturer shall confirm that the requirements of 4.1 are met. 5.2 Apparatus 5.2.1 Tensile testing machine 5.2.2 Concrete bl

30、ock with minimum dimensions of 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm and a compressive strength of (50 10) N/mm2. The maximum grain size of the aggregate shall not exceed 16 mm. The compressive strength of the concrete block shall be verified on three test samples produced as specified in ISO 1920-3. NOTE All concre

31、te testing centres produce these types of concrete blocks to order. 5.3 Procedure 5.3.1 Examination of design Ensure by visual examination and check the dimensions that the specifications in accordance with 4.2.1 to 4.2.6 are met. EN 959:2007 (E) 8 5.3.2 Determination of load bearing capacity 5.3.2.

32、1 Install the rock anchor into a concrete block in accordance with the information supplied by the manufacturer. If rock anchor bodies are supplied without hangers, attach a hanger in accordance with the in-formation supplied by the manufacturer. If hangers are supplied without bodies, attach the ha

33、nger to a fixed structure in accordance with the information supplied by the manufacturer. 5.3.2.2 Attach the concrete block to the tensile testing machine using clamps at a distance a installed length l + 5 % away from the axis of the rock anchor (see Figure 3). Apply an axial load to the rock anch

34、or using a pin with a diameter of (10 0,1) mm in the eye at a rate of (35 15) mm/min, increasing the load to (8 0,25) kN then reducing the load to less than 0,5 kN. Apply this loading a total of ten times within 10 min. Again apply a load, increasing it until failure or until the rock anchor is pull

35、ed out of the concrete block. Key 1 Eye (clip) of the rock anchor 2 Clamp 3 Concrete block a Distance of rock anchor l Installed length Figure 3 Axial test EN 959:2007 (E) 9 5.3.2.3 Install a new rock anchor into a new concrete block in accordance with 5.3.2.1. Attach the con-crete block to the tens

36、ile testing machine using a support, and a clamp at a distance a installed length l + 5 % away from the axis of the rock anchor (see Figure 4). Apply a radial load to the rock anchor using a pin with a diameter of (10 0,1) mm in the eye at a rate of (35 15) mm/min, increasing the load to (8 0,25) kN

37、 then reducing the load to less than 0,5 kN. Apply this loading a total of ten times within 10 min. Again apply a load, increasing it until failure or until the rock anchor is pulled out of the concrete block. Key 1 Eye (clip) of the rock anchor 2 Clamp 3 Concrete block 4 Support over total width a

38、Distance of rock anchor l Installed length Figure 4 Radial test 6 Marking Rock anchors shall be marked clearly, indelibly and durably with at least the following: a) name of the manufacturer or their representative in the European Community; b) model identifier (if several models are marketed by the

39、 manufacturer). EN 959:2007 (E) 10 7 Information supplied by the manufacturer The rock anchor shall be supplied with an explanatory leaflet, and written in at least the official language(s) of the state of destination within the European Community containing at least the following items: a) name and

40、 address of the manufacturer or their authorised representative; b) reference of this document: EN 959; c) model identifier (if more than one model is available); d) size (if more than one size is available); e) meaning of any marks on the product; f) components that comprise the complete rock ancho

41、r and the material used; g) use of the rock anchor; h) how to insert the rock anchor; i) how to choose other components for use in the system and the need for material compatibility (see Annex B); j) expected lifespan of the product when installed in different environments, particularly near sea wat

42、er or sea water spray (see Annex B); k) warning that the rock anchor can have a lower loadbearing capacity when installed in soft rock and what action to take to overcome the problem (see Annex C); l) how to assess the remaining lifespan of the product after installation, and when and how to remove

43、it from future use. EN 959:2007 (E) 11 Annex A (informative) Standards on mountaineering equipment Table A.1 List of standards on mountaineering equipment No Document Title 1 EN 564 Mountaineering equipment Accessory cord Safety requirements and test methods 2 EN 565 Mountaineering equipment Tape Sa

44、fety requirements and test methods 3 EN 566 Mountaineering equipment Slings Safety requirements and test methods 4 EN 567 Mountaineering equipment Rope clamps Safety requirements and test meth-ods 5 EN 568 Mountaineering equipment Ice anchors Safety requirements and test methods 6 EN 569 Mountaineer

45、ing equipment Pitons Safety requirements and test methods 7 EN 892 Mountaineering equipment Dynamic mountaineering ropes Safety require-ments and test methods 8 EN 893 Mountaineering equipment Crampons Safety requirements and test methods 9 EN 958 Mountaineering equipment Energy absorbing systems fo

46、r use in klettersteig (via ferrata) climbing Safety requirements and test methods 10 EN 959 Mountaineering equipment Rock anchors Safety requirements and test meth-ods 11 EN 12270 Mountaineering equipment Chocks Safety requirements and test methods 12 EN 12275 Mountaineering equipment Connectors Saf

47、ety requirements and test methods 13 EN 12276 Mountaineering equipment Frictional anchors Safety requirements and test methods 14 EN 12277 Mountaineering equipment Harnesses Safety requirements and test methods 15 EN 12278 Mountaineering equipment Pulleys Safety requirements and test methods 16 EN 1

48、2492 Mountaineering equipment - Helmets for mountaineers - Safety requirements and for test methods 17 EN 13089 Mountaineering equipment Ice-tools Safety requirements and test methods 18 prEN 15151 Mountaineering equipment Descenders Safety requirements and test methods EN 959:2007 (E) 12 Annex B (i

49、nformative) Choice of materials for different environmental conditions and the consequences for inspection and maintenance Rock anchors will be installed in a wide range of locations from high mountains to sea cliffs, and in a wide range of environments, for example environments with different temperatures, different atmospheric humidity and different rainfall conditions. On sea cliffs, rock anchors will be periodically washed by seawater and this sea-sp