BS EN 12277-1998登山运动器材.挽具.安全要求和试验方法.pdf

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1、|BRITISH STANDARDBS EN12277:1998The European Standard EN 12277:1998 has the status of aBritish StandardICS 97.220.40NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWMountaineering equipment Harnesses Safetyrequirements and test methodsThis British Standard, havingbeen prepared u

2、nder thedirection of the ConsumerProducts and Services SectorBoard, was published under theauthority of the Standards Boardand comes into effect on15 November 1998 BSI 1998ISBN 0 580 30010 2BS EN 12277:1998Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedNational forewordThis British St

3、andard is the English language version of EN 12277:1998.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeSW/136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, to SubcommitteeSW/136/5, Mountaineering equipment, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to unders

4、tand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on theinterpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgatethem in the UK.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee

5、can be obtained on requestto its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publicationsreferred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under thesection entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the“Fi

6、nd” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunityfrom legal ob

7、ligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,pages 2 to 9 and a back cover.CENEuropean Committee for StandardizationComite Europeen de NormalisationEuropaisches Komitee fu r NormungCentral Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1

8、998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nationalMembers.Ref. No. EN 12277:1998 EEUROPEAN STANDARDEN 12277NORME EUROPEENNEEUROPAISCHE NORMMay 1998ICS 97.220.40Descriptors: Sport equipment, mountaineering, harnesses, definitions, safety, specification

9、s, dimensions, stability, mechanical strength,tests, testing conditions, information, markingEnglish versionMountaineering equipment Harnesses Safety requirementsand test methodsEquipement dalpinisme et descalade Harnais Exigences de securite et methodes dessaiBergsteigerausru stung Anseilgurte Sich

10、erheitstechnische Anforderungen undPru fverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 May 1998.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulationswhich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of anational standard without any alteration.

11、 Up-to-date lists and bibliographicalreferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application tothe Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).A version in any other language made by translation unde

12、r the responsibility of aCEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has thesame status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Luxembour

13、g, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland andUnited Kingdom.Page 2EN 12277:1998 BSI 1998ForewordThis European Standard has been prepared byTechnical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playgroundand other recreational equipment, the Secretariat ofwhich is held by DIN.This European Stand

14、ard shall be given the status of anational standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest byNovember 1998, and conflicting national standardsshall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1998.This European Standard has been prepared under amandate given to CEN by

15、 the European Commissionand the European Free Trade Association, andsupports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informativeAnnex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.The text is based on UIAA-Standard E (UnionInternationale des Associations

16、 dAlpinisme), which hasbeen prepared with international participation.This standard is one of a series of standards formountaineering equipment, see annex A.Annexes A and ZA of this European Standard are forinformation only.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,the national standards org

17、anizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this EuropeanStandard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.ContentsPageForeword 21 S

18、cope 32 Normative references 33 Definitions 33.1 harness 33.2 load bearing parts 33.3 non-load bearing parts 33.4 adjusting device 33.5 rope attachment points 33.6 belt 34 Safety requirements 44.1 Tape 44.2 Strength 45 Test methods 45.1 Conditioning and test conditions 45.2 Procedure 46 Information

19、to be supplied 77 Marking 8Annex A (informative) Standards onmountaineering equipment 9Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of thisEuropean Standard addressing essentialrequirements or other provisions of EUDirectives 9Page 3EN 12277:1998 BSI 19981 ScopeThis standard specifies safety requirements and test

20、methods for harnesses for use in mountaineeringincluding climbing. It is applicable to full bodyharnesses, small body harnesses, sit harnesses andchest harnesses.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates, by dated orundated reference, provisions from other publications.These normativ

21、e references are cited at theappropriate places in the text and the publications arelisted hereafter. For dated references, subsequentamendments to or revisions of any of thesepublications apply to this European Standard onlywhen incorporated in it by amendment or revision. Forundated references, th

22、e latest edition of the publicationreferred to applies.EN 892, Mountaineering equipment Dynamicmountaineering ropes Safety requirements and testmethods.EN 20139, Textiles Standard atmospheres forconditioning and testing.(ISO 139:1973)3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this standard, the followingdefin

23、itions apply:3.1harnessassembly of narrow textile fabric(s) (hereafter referredto as tape), adjusting device(s) or other elementswhich fit around the body to support it in a hangingposition3.1.1full body harness (type A)harness which fits at least around the upper part of thebody and the thighs. Thi

24、s type of harness will supportan unconscious person in a head up position3.1.2small body harness (type B)full body harness according to 3.1.1 intended forpeople up to 40 kg. This type of harness is particularlysuitable for people with an undeveloped or ill-definedwaistline3.1.3sit harness (type C)ha

25、rness in the form of a waist belt and connectingsub-pelvic support suitably arranged to support aconscious body in a sitting position3.1.4chest harness (type D)harness which fits around the upper part of the bodyaround the chest and under the armpits. This type ofharness alone cannot support a perso

26、n in the hangingposition without permanent injury in less than oneminuteNOTE A type D harness should only be used in combinationwith a type C harness.3.2load bearing partsparts of the harness which transmit load in the tests inaccordance with 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.2.5 or 5.2.6 asappropriate. The following

27、 parts of the harness incontact with the dummy during the test are notdefined as load bearing parts: shoulder straps, the part of the thighs excludedin Figure 1 and accessory parts.a) excluded area (applies to both leg loops)Figure 1 Non-load bearing parts inleg loops of a harness3.3non-load bearing

28、 partsthe other parts of the harness3.4adjusting deviceany device which allows adjustment to be made to theharness(es) to the needs of the wearer3.5rope attachment pointsparts of the harness intended for the attachment of therope. Harnesses can have several attachment points3.6beltthe part of the ha

29、rness which is around the waistPage 4EN 12277:1998 BSI 19984 Safety requirements4.1 Tape4.1.1 DimensionsThe tape assembly shall comply with the followingdimensions:a) load bearing parts in contact with the dummyduring the tests in accordance with 5.2.3.2, 5.2.4.2,5.2.5.2 or 5.2.6.2 as appropriate:1)

30、 harnesses of type B: 33 mm minimum;2) all other types of harnesses: 43 mm minimum;b) shoulder straps:1) harnesses of type B: 23 mm minimum;2) all other types of harnesses: 28 mm minimum;c) all other parts:no requirements.4.1.2 StabilityWhen shuttleless loom webbing is used, the weft shallbe locked

31、by an additional locking thread or by anyother system, which guarantees that the edges cannotbecome unravelled when one of the yarns breaks.4.1.3 ThreadsThreads in load bearing parts shall be compatible withthe tape and, where it is visible, the stitching shallcontrast with the tape in colour or sur

32、face appearance.4.1.4 Metal partsAny metal parts that can come into contact withfingers, shall be free from burrs.4.2 Strength4.2.1 When tested in accordance with 5.2.3, 5.2.4,5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4 or 5.2.6 no load bearing part shallbreak completely. In addition the dummy shall not bereleased from the ha

33、rness.4.2.2 When tested in accordance with 5.2.5.4 no loadbearing part shall break completely and no loadbearing buckles or adjusting devices shall slip morethan 20 mm.4.2.3 Any loop or combination of loops which arespecified in the instructions for use for abseiling shallpass the tests in accordanc

34、e with 5.2.3.3,5.2.4.3 or 5.2.5.3 as appropriate.4.2.4 If there are multiple rope attachment points (fordifferent sizes) the tests in accordance with 5.2.3,5.2.4, 5.2.5 or 5.2.6 shall be repeated as appropriatefor each size as specified in the information to besupplied.NOTE Second and subsequent sam

35、ples can be necessary.4.2.5 If a harness of type B is adjustable, the range ofadjustments shall be within the maximum andminimum ranges claimed on the label (in accordancewith clause 7). This shall be checked, after each of theadjustments, in accordance with 5.2.1.5 Test methods5.1 Conditioning and

36、test conditionsCondition the test samples in accordancewith EN 20139.Tests may then be done outside the conditioning room,but the temperature shall be (235) 8C and the testsshall begin within 5 min of removal from theconditioning room.5.2 Procedure5.2.1 GeneralVerify the requirements according to 4.

37、1.1, 4.2.2 and4.2.4 by measuring with the harness on the dummyloaded in accordance with 5.2.3.2, 5.2.4.2, 5.2.5.2 or5.2.6.2. For the width in 4.1.1 the measurements shallbe made in three locations per dimension.5.2.2 StabilityCheck the requirements according to 4.1.2 using a testsample of 100 mm min

38、imum length and cut one warpand one weft thread on each type of load bearing tapein the harness.5.2.3 Type A harnesses5.2.3.1 Put the harness on a rigid test dummyaccording to Figure 2 and attach it with a single rope,according to EN 892, to the test machine in accordancewith the instructions for us

39、e.5.2.3.2 Load the harness gradually up to (80010) Nin the head up position of the dummy. Under this load,the rope attachment points should be placedapproximately symmetrical about the plane ofsymmetry of the dummy.5.2.3.3 In the head up position of the dummy apply aforce increasing gradually to (15

40、 ) kN over a period0+0,3of (20,25) min. Hold this force for (10,25) min andthen release the tension completely over a maximumof 1 min. Reapply the force immediately and increasegradually to (15 ) kN as before and hold the force0+0,3for (30,25) min before release.5.2.3.4 In the head down position of

41、the dummy(see Figure 3) apply a force increasing graduallyto (10 ) kN over a period of (20,25) min. Hold this0+0,2force for (10,25) min and then release the tensioncompletely over a maximum of 1 min. Reapply theforce immediately and increase gradually to (10 ) kN0+0,3as before and hold the force for

42、 (30,25) min beforerelease.Page 5EN 12277:1998 BSI 1998Dimensions in millimetresFigure 2 Outline of test dummyPage 6EN 12277:1998 BSI 1998Dimensions in millimetresa) adjustable from 0 mm to 100 mmb) may be removableFigure 3 Outline of test dummy for type B harnesses testing5.2.4 Type B harnesses5.2.

43、4.1 Put the harness on a rigid test dummyaccording to Figure 3 and attach it with a single rope,according to EN 892, to the test machine in accordancewith the instructions for use.5.2.4.2 Load the harness gradually up to (50010) Nin the head up position of the dummy. Under this load,the rope attachm

44、ent points should be placedapproximately symmetrical about the plane ofsymmetry of the dummy.5.2.4.3 In the head up position of the dummy apply aforce increasing gradually to (10 ) kN over a period0+0,2of (20,25) min. Hold this force for (10,25) min andthen release the tension completely over a maxi

45、mumof 1 min. Reapply the force immediately and increasegradually to (10 ) kN as before and hold the force0+0,3for (30,25) min before release.5.2.4.4 In the head down position of the dummyapply a force increasing gradually to (7 ) kN over a0+0,2period of (20,25) min. Hold this forcefor (10,25) min an

46、d then release the tensioncompletely over a maximum of 1 min. Reapply theforce immediately and increase gradually to (7 ) kN0+0,2as before and hold the force for (30,25) min beforerelease.5.2.5 Type C harnesses5.2.5.1 Put the harness on a rigid test dummyaccording to Figure 2 and attach it with a ro

47、pe,according to EN 892, to the test machine in accordancewith the instructions for use.5.2.5.2 Load the harness gradually up to (80010) Nin the head up position of the dummy. Under this load,the rope attachment points should be placedapproximately symmetrical about the plane ofsymmetry of the dummy.

48、5.2.5.3 In the head up position of the dummy apply aforce increasing gradually to (15 ) kN over a period0+0,3of (20,25) min. Hold this force for (10,25) min andthen release the tension completely over a maximumof 1 min. Reapply the force immediately and increasegradually to (15 ) kN as before and ho

49、ld the force0+0,3for (30,25) min before release.Page 7EN 12277:1998 BSI 19985.2.5.4 For the belt test (see Figure 4) apply a forceincreasing gradually to (1 ) kN over a period0+0,1of (10,25) min. Mark the tape at the outer edge of thebuckle. Then increase the force graduallyto (10 ) kN over a period of (20,25) min and hold0+0,1it for (30,25) min before release. Mar