DIN ISO 10816 Bb 1-2013 Mechanical vibration - Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Supplement 1 Methodology for selecting machinery vibration st.pdf

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1、December 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 17.160!%*I-“2073810www.din.deDThis supplement provides information relating to DIN ISO 10816, but does not contain any additional specifications.DIN ISO 10816 Supplement 1Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotatingparts Supplement 1: Methodology for select

3、ing machinery vibrationstandards, including the shaft vibration (ISO/TR 19201:2013),English translation of DIN ISO 10816 Beiblatt 1:2013-12Mechanische Schwingungen Bewertung der Schwingungen von Maschinen durch Messungen an nicht-rotierendenTeilen Beiblatt 1: Methodisches Vorgehen bei der Auswahl vo

4、n Normen zuMaschinenschwingungen einschlielich der Wellenschwingungen(ISO/TR 19201:2013),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 10816 Beiblatt 1:2013-12Vibrations mcaniques valuation des vibrations des machines par mesurages sur les parties non tournantes Supplment 1: Mthodologie pour la slection des norm

5、es relatives aux vibrations desmachines, y compris les vibrations des arbres tournants (ISO/TR 19201:2013),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 10816 Beiblatt 1:2013-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.3211.13 DIN ISO 10816

6、 Suppl 1:2013-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 International Standards .4 2.1 Basic machinery vibration standards 4 2.2 Related machinery vibration standards 5 2.3 Additional machinery vibration standards 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Evaluation of ma

7、chine vibration 6 4.1 General 6 4.2 Machinery vibration standards and criteria 6 4.3 Classification of severity of machine vibration 7 4.4 Measurement procedures and instrumentation .7 4.5 Vibration standards summaries .7 5 Measurements made on non-rotating parts 8 6 Measurements made on rotating pa

8、rts .11 7 Related standards 12 8 Analytical guidelines for selecting the appropriate vibration standard for a specific machinery .14 8.1 General 14 8.2 Basic relations for rotating shaft and pedestal vibration 17 Annex A (informative) Bearing dynamics .19 Annex B (informative) Pedestal dynamic stiff

9、ness 22 Annex C (informative) Examples of typical values of dynamic stiffness for bearings and pedestals .23 Annex D (informative) Dynamic stiffness of the bearing part combined with the pedestal 25 Annex E (informative) International machinery vibration standards shown by application area .27 Bibli

10、ography 31 DIN ISO 10816 Suppl 1:2013-12 3 Foreword This document (DIN ISO 10816 Supplement 1) has been prepared by the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrm-minderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Committee in DIN and VDI), Working Commit

11、tee NA 001-03-06-02 UA (NALS/VDI C 6 UA 2) Messung und Beurteilung von Maschinenschwingungen and contains Technical Report ISO/TR 19201:2013. The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 108 “Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring”, Subcommittee SC 2 “Measu

12、rement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN and/or DKE shall not be held responsible for

13、 identifying any or all such patent rights. To see if there is a German translation of any of the International Standards listed in the present standard (in Clause 2 and the Bibliography), users can do a keyword search using the ISO standard number either at www.din.de or at Beuth Verlags webshop, w

14、ww.beuth.de. Particular attention should be given to VDI 3836, which supplements DIN ISO 10816-3, and to VDI 3838, which supplements DIN ISO 10816-6; these are listed in the Bibliography. 1 ScopeThis Technical Report provides guidance for selecting appropriate vibration standards for specific machin

15、e types, and thus selecting the appropriate vibration measurement and evaluation method. Synopses are given of ISO 10816 (evaluation of machine vibration on non-rotating parts) and ISO 7919 (evaluation of machine vibration on rotating parts), together with further International Standards related to

16、machinery.This Technical Report provides an overview of the relevant International Standards, giving a summary of their scopes. It also provides a theoretical, analytical basis for establishing whether vibration measurements should be carried out on non-rotating parts, rotating shafts or both for th

17、ose machines where no previous experience exists. It is not intended to supersede established manufacturers or users practical experience with specific machine types since there can be specific features associated with a particular machine which lead to a different selection of the most relevant mea

18、surement procedure.The aim of this Technical Report is not to equip the reader with all the technical details provided in the International Standards necessary to carry out a measurement or evaluation task on a particular machine; rather it guides the reader to the appropriate International Standard

19、s. It is these International Standards that provide the necessary details; and then, with suitable training, the reader is in a position to carry out the measurement or evaluation task.2 International StandardsNOTE 1 The International Standards referred to in this Technical Report are periodically r

20、eviewed. Care needs to be taken when using the International Standards presented to ensure that the latest edition (including any Amendments and Corrigenda) is used.NOTE 2 Many of the International Standards discussed in this Technical Report together with additional International Standards are summ

21、arized by their application area in Table E.1.NOTE 3 This Technical Report provides a snapshot of current relevant standards. It is inevitable, however, that as time passes new standards will be developed. Furthermore, there may be other standards available for specific machine types which have not

22、been referred to. The absence of any such reference should not be interpreted as meaning that such standards are not valid.2.1 Basic machinery vibration standardsISO 7919-1, Mechanical vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation criteria Part 1: General gui

23、delinesISO 7919-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/minISO 7919-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluat

24、ion of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 3: Coupled industrial machinesISO 7919-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearingsISO 7919-5, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine v

25、ibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants4 DIN ISO 10816 Suppl 1:2013-12 ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelinesISO 10816-2, Mechanical v

26、ibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/minISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by

27、 measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situISO 10816-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets w

28、ith fluid-film bearingsISO 10816-5, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plantsISO 10816-6, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts

29、Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kWISO 10816-7, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements on rotating shaftsISO 10816-8, Mechanical vibration Eval

30、uation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems2.2 Related machinery vibration standardsISO 3046-5, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Performance Part 5: Torsional vibrationsISO 8579-2, Acceptance code for gears Part 2: Determination

31、 of mechanical vibrations of gear units during acceptance testingISO 13373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 1: General proceduresISO 13373-2, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 2: Processing, ana

32、lysis and presentation of vibration dataISO 13373-3,1)Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 3: Guidelines for vibration diagnosisISO 14694, Industrial fans Specifications for balance quality and vibration levelsISO 14695, Industrial fans Method of measu

33、rement of fan vibration2.3 Additional machinery vibration standardsISO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary2)ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 2954, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for mea

34、suring vibration severityISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometersISO 10817-1, Rotating shaft vibration measuring systems Part 1: Relative and absolute sensing of radial vibration1) Planned.2) To become ISO 21940-2 when revised.5 DIN ISO 10816 Suppl 1:2013-12 ISO

35、 21940-31, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 31: Susceptibility and sensitivity of machines to unbalance3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1925 and ISO 2041, and the following apply.3.1shaft absolute vibrationvibration of the shaf

36、t measured from the absolute coordinate3.2shaft relative vibrationvibration of the shaft measured from the transducer support (e.g. bearing housing)3.3pedestal vibrationbearing support structure vibration3.4dynamic stiffness of bearingstiffness of the bearing part including damping and mass effects3

37、.5dynamic stiffness of pedestalstiffness of the bearing support structure including damping and mass effects4 Evaluation of machine vibration4.1 GeneralISO 10816 provides guidelines for the measurement and evaluation of vibration for different machine types based on measurements made on non-rotating

38、 parts of the machines.ISO 7919 provides guidelines for the measurement and evaluation of vibration based on measurements made on rotating shafts of the machines.Further guidance is provided in the related and additional machinery vibration standards listed in 2.2 and 2.3.4.2 Machinery vibration sta

39、ndards and criteriaMachinery can be subdivided into four categories for the purposes of vibration measurement and evaluation.a) Reciprocating machinery having both rotating and reciprocation components, such as diesel engines and certain types of compressors and pumps. The vibration is usually measu

40、red on the main structure of the machine at low frequencies, typically in the range 2 Hz to 1 000 Hz.b) Rotating machinery having rotors with rigid behaviour, such as certain types of electric motors, single-stage pumps and low rotational speed pumps. The vibration is usually measured on the main st

41、ructure (such as on the bearing caps or pedestals) where the vibration magnitudes are indicative of the excitation forces generated by the rotor because of unbalance, thermal bows, rubs and other sources of excitation.c) Rotating machinery having rotors with flexible behaviour, such as large steam a

42、nd gas turbine generator sets, multi-stage pumps and compressors. The machine may be set into different modes of vibration as it accelerates through one or more resonance rotational speeds to reach its service rotational speed. On such a machine, the vibration magnitude measured on a structural memb

43、er may 6 DIN ISO 10816 Suppl 1:2013-12 not be totally indicative of the vibration of the rotor. For example, a flexible rotor may experience very large displacements resulting in failure of the machine, even though the vibration magnitude measured on the bearing cap is low. Therefore, it can be nece

44、ssary to measure the vibration of the shaft directly.d) Rotating machinery having rotors with quasi-rigid behaviour, such as some steam turbine rotors, axial-flow compressors, and fans. Such machinery contains a special class of flexible rotor where vibration magnitudes measured on the bearing cap a

45、re indicative of the shaft vibration.An analytical approach to determine the most beneficial vibration measurement method (or International Standard) to use on a particular machine, based on the physical and structural characteristics of the machine, is included in detail in Clause 8.4.3 Classificat

46、ion of severity of machine vibrationIn the classification of severity of machine vibration, the motion variable that is used (displacement, velocity or acceleration) depends on the applicable International Standard, the frequency range and other factors. In classifying machinery vibration in a range

47、, e.g. 10 Hz to 1 000 Hz, vibration velocity is normally used because it yields a simple measure of the vibration severity of a machine. For lower- and higher-frequency vibration, the preferred measurement quantities are displacement and acceleration, respectively.For simple harmonic motion, either

48、peak or root mean square (r.m.s.) values of the motion variable may be used. However, for machines whose motion is complex, the use of these two metrics provides distinctly different results, mainly because of particular waveforms such as pulse-like waves or higher-frequency harmonics and are given different weights. For rotating machinery whose rotational speed is in the range 600 r/min to 12 000 r/min, the r.m.s. values of vibration velocity correspond most close