DIN EN ISO 25619-1-2009 Geosynthetics - Determination of compression behaviour - Part 1 Compressive creep properties (ISO 25619-1 2008) English version of DIN EN ISO 25619-1 2009-0.pdf

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1、June 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 13No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 59.080.70!$W_“1529460www.

2、din.deDDIN EN ISO 25619-1Geosynthetics Determination of compression behaviour Part 1: Compressive creep properties (ISO 25619-1:2008)English version of DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06Geokunststoffe Bestimmung des Druckverhaltens Teil 1: Eigenschaften des Druckkriechens (ISO 25619-1:2008)Englische Fassung

3、 DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06Together with DIN EN ISO25619-2:2009-06,supersedesDIN EN 1897:2002-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises 27 pagesDIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 2 This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium) in collaboration with Tech

4、nical Committee ISO/TC 221 “Geosynthetics”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Textil und Textilmaschinen (Textiles and Textile Machinery Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 106-01-11 AA Geotextilien und Geokunststoffe. The DIN Standards correspo

5、nding to the International Standards referred to in clause 2 of the EN are as follows: ISO 3696 DIN ISO 3696 ISO 9862 DIN EN ISO 9862 ISO 9863-1 DIN EN ISO 9863-1 ISO 10318 DIN EN ISO 10318 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1897:2002-02 as follows: The standard has been editorially revise

6、d and divided up into two parts. The standard has been brought in line with the state of the art. Clause 2 “Normative references” has been updated. Information to be included in the test report has been revised. Definitions, in particular with regard to compressive creep strain (cc), have been clari

7、fied. The omission of conditioning of the test specimen has been allowed under specified circumstances, and the circumstances under which immersed specimens should be tested have been specified. The requirement has been included that the stress applied by the top plate on the specimen shall not exce

8、ed 2 kPa. The calculation of compressive creep strain has been included in addition to the total compressive strain and the requirement has been included that it be referred to in the test report and that a plot of compressive creep strain versus log (time) be provided (for both test methods). Previ

9、ous editions DIN V ENV 1897: 1996-03 DIN EN 1897: 2002-02 National foreword a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 9862, Geosynthetics Sampling and preparation of test specimens DIN EN ISO 9863-1, Geosynthetics Determination of th

10、ickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers DIN EN ISO 10318, Geosynthetics Terms and definitions DIN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM

11、EN ISO 25619-1 December 2008 ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN 1897:2001 English Version Geosynthetics Determination of compression behaviour Part 1: Compressive creep properties (ISO 25619-1:2008) Gosynthtiques Dtermination du comportement en compression Partie 1: Proprits de fluage en compression (ISO 2

12、5619-1:2008) Geokunststoffe Bestimmung des Druckverhaltens Teil 1: Eigenschaften des Druckkriechens (ISO 25619-1:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving t

13、his EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions

14、 (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bul

15、garia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDI

16、ZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 25619-1:2008: EContents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope 4 2

17、 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Test specimens5 4.1 Sampling.5 4.2 Number and dimensions of test specimens .5 4.3 Conditioning.8 5 Normal compressive load method.9 5.1 Principle9 5.2 Apparatus .9 5.3 Procedure .12 5.4 Calculations12 5.5 Test report 13 6 Combined normal and shear

18、 load method14 6.1 Principle14 6.2 Apparatus .14 6.3 Procedure .17 6.4 Calculations18 6.5 Test report 19 Annex A (informative) Variations to the index test procedure for site-specific tests 21 Annex B (informative) Typical curves .22 DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 2DIN EN ISO 256

19、19-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 25619-1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 221 “Geosynthetics”. This European Standard shall be give

20、n the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the

21、 subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1897:2001. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and suppo

22、rts essential requirements of EC Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germ

23、any, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 1 Scope This part of ISO 25619 specifies index test methods for determining the compressive cree

24、p properties of geosynthetic products. The test specimens are subjected either to normal compressive loading or to a combination of normal compressive loading and shear loading. The test method with a normal load only (see Clause 5) is the standard method. The test method in which both normal and sh

25、ear loads are applied (see Clause 6) is intended for products that are sensitive to shear failure, i.e. which have a columnar or cuspated structure. The tests are carried out on dry specimens or on specimens immersed in water. The test is intended to be carried out with the specimen immersed in wate

26、r when any part of the geosynthetic product contains a hydrophilic polymer. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refere

27、nced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 9862, Geosynthetics Sampling and preparation of test specimens ISO 9863-1, Geosynthetics Det

28、ermination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers ISO 10318, Geosynthetics Terms and definitions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 10318 and the following apply. 3.1 thickness d distance between the two rigid plates i

29、n contact with the specimen at any stage of the test See Figures 1 and 2. NOTE Thickness is measured in millimetres. DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 43.2 initial thickness dithickness of the specimen under an applied normal stress of 2 kPa NOTE Initial thickness is measured in mil

30、limetres, in accordance with ISO 9863-1. 3.3 initial compressed thickness d0thickness measured 1 min after loading (normal loading) or 4 min after loading (normal and shear loading) 3.4 total compressive strain time-dependent change in thickness NOTE Total compressive strain is expressed as a percen

31、tage of the initial thickness (di). 3.5 compressive creep strain cctime-dependant change in thickness of a material subjected to a constant compressive load (after reaching the initial compressed thickness, d0, of the specimen) NOTE Compressive creep strain is expressed as a percentage of the initia

32、l compressed thickness. 3.6 compressive creep collapse occurrence of a sudden increase in the speed of change of thickness of a specimen subjected to a constant compressive load 4 Test specimens 4.1 Sampling Specimens shall be taken in accordance with ISO 9862. 4.2 Number and dimensions of test spec

33、imens Cut two specimens from the test sample for each test load; a new specimen is required for each test. Each specimen shall satisfy the following criteria with regard to dimensions: the specimen shall be square and have a minimum size of 100 mm 100 mm (see Figures 1 and 2); if the specimen has a

34、structure in which loading is resisted at defined points or areas, then the loading plate shall cover at least three complete points or areas in both directions (see Figure 3); specimens shall be cut with the sides parallel to the length and width of the sample. DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 256

35、19-1:2008 (E) 5a) Plan area a100 mm minimum, or at least three contact points in each direction. b) Cross-sectional area Key d thickness of the specimen, in millimetres Figure 1 Dimensions of general test specimen DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 6a) Plan area a100 mm minimum, or a

36、 minimum of three contact lines on the top plate and a minimum of four contact lines on the base plate. b) Cross-sectional area Key 1 specimen width 2 representative width of the specimen d thickness of specimen, in millimetres Figure 2 Size of specimen of a geomat (with wave structure or double-sid

37、ed structured core of a drainage composite) DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 7a) Example for single-sided structured cores b) Example for double-sided structured cores Key 1 metal top plate, smooth surface (same size as specimen or larger) 2 metal base plate, smooth surface (larger

38、 than top plate) d thickness of specimen, in millimetres FNapplied normal force, in kilonewtons Figure 3 Loading arrangements for structured cores 4.3 Conditioning The test specimens shall be conditioned and tested in the standard atmosphere for testing at (20 2) C and (65 5) % relative humidity, as

39、 defined in ISO 554. The specimens can be considered to have been conditioned when the change in mass in successive weighings made at intervals of not less than 2 h does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimen. Conditioning and/or testing in the standard atmosphere may only be omitted whe

40、n it can be shown that results obtained for the same specific type of product (both structure and polymer type) are not affected by changes in temperature and humidity exceeding the limits. This information shall be included in the test report. The test shall be carried out with the specimen immerse

41、d in water when any part of the geosynthetic product contains a hydrophilic polymer. Where the test is to be carried out with the specimen immersed in water, the specimen shall be soaked in water for 24 h prior to the test. Deionized water in accordance with ISO 3696 shall be used. The water shall b

42、e maintained at a temperature of (20 2) C. DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 85 Normal compressive load method 5.1 Principle The geosynthetic specimen is placed on the fixed base of the compression testing equipment. With an upper loading plate, the vertical compressive load is appl

43、ied and the change in thickness is recorded with time. The vertical compressive load is applied to the specimen for a period of 1 000 h, or for a longer or shorter period by agreement. 5.2 Apparatus 5.2.1 Compression testing equipment. Compression testing equipment with a vertical travel greater tha

44、n the initial thickness of the specimen shall be used. It shall be capable of sustaining the applied stress to within 1 % accuracy for the duration of the test. The compressive stress may be applied mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically. Where hydraulic or pneumatic loading systems are used,

45、the stress applied shall be constant for the duration of the test. The loading device, however, shall be capable of applying the full stress in one controlled step, i.e. without significant impact, within a period of 60 s. Most systems use dead weights to apply the stress. In systems using dead weig

46、hts, the loading system shall be fully supported while being assembled so that no forces are applied to the specimen until the support is smoothly released see Figure 4 a). DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 9a) Normal load test Key 1 measuring device 2 weights on hanger FNapplied no

47、rmal force, in kilonewtons aLoad supported prior to starting. Figure 4 (continued) DIN EN ISO 25619-1:2009-06 EN ISO 25619-1:2008 (E) 10b) Normal load test under water Key 1 measuring device(s), minimum of three if a single unit placed centrally is not used 2 metal top loading plate, smooth surface

48、(same size as specimen or larger) 3 metal base plate, smooth surface (larger than top plate), with specimen container for water bath (if required) 4 water (if required) 5 specimen d thickness of the specimen, in millimetres FNapplied normal force, in kilonewtons Figure 4 Examples of typical arrangem

49、ents for normal load tests The compression testing apparatus shall include a fixed base plate and a parallel moveable top plate, both with a flat and smooth metal surface. The dimensions of the top plate shall be at least equal to those of the specimen and its thickness shall be such that it will result in a normal stress of not greater than 2 kPa being applied to the specimen (see Figure 3). 5.2.2 Specimen container. If the test is carried out with the specimen immersed in water, a container t