DIN EN ISO 18365-2014 Hydrometry - Selection establishment and operation of a gauging station (ISO 18365 2013) German version EN ISO 18365 2013《水文测量 水文测量站的选择、建立及运行(ISO 18365-2013) .pdf

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1、April 2014Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 1

2、7.120.20!%06“2130419www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 18365Hydrometry Selection, establishment and operation of a gauging station(ISO 18365:2013);English version EN ISO 18365:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04Hydrometrie Auswahl, Einrichtung und Betrieb einer Pegelstation (ISO 18365:2013);Engl

3、ische Fassung EN ISO 18365:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04Hydromtrie Slection, tablissement et exploitation dune station hydromtrique (ISO 18365:2013);Version anglaise EN ISO 18365:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-lan

4、guage original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 22 pages03.14 DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 18365:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113 “Hydrometry” in collaboration with Technical Com

5、mittee CEN/TC 318 “Hydrometry” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 119-06-10 AA Hydrometrie. NOTE ISO 18365:2013 supersedes ISO 1100-1:1996 and ISO/T

6、R 8363:1997, which have been merged and technically revised. Supersedes Draft Standard: E DIN EN ISO 1100-1:2011-11. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 748 DIN EN ISO 748 ISO 772 DIN EN ISO 772 ISO 4373 DIN EN ISO 4373 ISO

7、4375 DIN EN ISO 4375 ISO 6416 DIN EN ISO 6416 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 748, Hydrometry Measurement of liquid flow in open channels using current-meters or floats DIN EN ISO 772, Hydrometry Vocabulary and symbols DIN EN ISO 4373, Hydrometry Water level measuring devices

8、 DIN EN ISO 4375, Hydrometric determinations Cableway systems for stream gauging DIN EN ISO 6416, Hydrometry Measurement of discharge by the ultrasonic (acoustic) method EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18365 December 2013 ICS 17.120.20 English Version Hydrometry - Selection,

9、 establishment and operation of a gauging station (ISO 18365:2013) Hydromtrie - Slection, tablissement et exploitation dune station hydromtrique (ISO 18365:2013) Hydrometrie - Auswahl, Einrichtung und Betrieb einer Pegelstation (ISO 18365:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 Novemb

10、er 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obta

11、ined on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CE

12、N-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland

13、, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: A

14、venue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18365:2013 E2DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04EN ISO 18365:2013 (E) Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references. 4 3 Terms, definiti

15、ons and symbols . 4 4 General requirements and considerations 4 4.1 Requirements . 4 4.2 Other constraints . 5 5 Water level (Stage) only gauging stations . 5 5.1 Preliminary survey and selection criteria 5 5.2 Stage measurement and recording 6 6 Stage-discharge gauging stations . 7 6.1 General 7 6.

16、2 Main elements of a stage-discharge gauging station 8 7 Stage-discharge gauging stations using hydraulic structures . 9 7.1 General 9 7.2 Site selection 9 7.3 Types of hydraulic structures . 9 8 Velocity-discharge gauging stations . 10 8.1 Applications and types of instrument 10 8.2 Site selection

17、11 8.3 Calibration . 11 8.4 Transit time (acoustic) method . 11 8.5 Doppler 12 8.6 Acoustic (echo) correlation velocity meters . 13 8.7 Electromagnetic method (Full channel width coil) . 13 9 Measurement under difficult conditions 13 9.1 Ice and frost conditions . 13 9.2 Weed growth . 14 9.3 Extreme

18、 sedimentation conditions 14 10 Operation and maintenance 14 10.1 General 14 10.2 Water level (Stage) only gauging stations . 14 10.3 Stage-discharge gauging stations . 15 10.4 Stage-discharge gauging stations using hydraulic structures . 15 10.5 Velocity-discharge gauging stations . 15 Annex A (inf

19、ormative) Applicable conditions for selection of discharge measurement method 16 Bibliography 19 ForewordThis document (EN ISO 18365:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113 “Hydrometry” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 318 “Hydrometry” the secretariat of which is he

20、ld by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that s

21、ome of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to im

22、plement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roman

23、ia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18365:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18365:2013 without any modification. 3DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04 EN ISO 18365:2013 (E) 1 ScopeThis International Standard gives requiremen

24、ts for the establishment and operation of a gauging station for the measurement of stage, or stage and discharge, of a lake, reservoir, river or canal or other artificial open channel. It also describes how a gauging station utilizing one of the measurement methods listed should be operated and main

25、tained.Requirements are provided for stage only measurement stations, stagedischarge stations and direct-discharge measurement stations in natural channels, as well as for stagedischarge stations with artificial structures. Additionally, some requirements are given for measurements under difficult c

26、onditions, such as under ice conditions.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r

27、eferenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 772, Hydrometry Vocabulary and symbols3 Terms, definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and symbols given in ISO 772 apply.4 General requirements and considerations4.1 RequirementsBefore commencing work

28、 on establishment and operation of a gauging station, the following requirements shall be identified:a) range of levels required to be measured;b) range of flows required to be measured;c) customers requirements for type of data;d) customers requirements for timeliness of data;e) allowable uncertain

29、ty in the results;f) other potential users of the data;g) life expectancy of the station;h) available budget;i) agreements for access to land and construction permits.4DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04EN ISO 18365:2013 (E) 4.2 Other constraintsIn addition to the requirements as in 4.1, other constraints shal

30、l be identified including the following:a) local environmental issues;b) accessibility of the site under all conditions of flow;c) availability of power and communication links;d) stability of the watercourse embankments;e) stability of the watercourse bed;f) identification of any proposed hydraulic

31、 modifications planned for the future;e.g. bridges, tunnels (including pipe crossings), harbours or piers;g) potential of vandalism;h) influence of submergence of the gauging site due to downstream impoundingstructures (lakes, dams, weirs);i) potential stream losses in karst areas;j) aquatic weed gr

32、owth in the watercourse;k) ice conditions during winter in cold and arctic regions.Knowledge of the above requirements and local constraints will ensure the provision of appropriate measurement and recording facilities as well as the adoption of an appropriate maintenance philosophy.5 Water level (S

33、tage) only gauging stations5.1 Preliminary survey and selection criteria5.1.1 GeneralThe site selected for determination of stage shall be selected according to the purpose for which the readings are required. Accessibility of the site and the availability of an observer if the gauge is to be non-re

34、cording are important criteria as is the availability of an appropriate power supply and data communication capabilities if the gauge is to be recording.Gauges on lakes and reservoirs are normally located near the outlet, but shall be located sufficiently far away from the zone where an increase in

35、velocity causes a drawdown in water level. Gauges on large bodies of water shall also be located so as to reduce the effect of strong winds which may cause misleading data which may not be representative of the body of water being measured. Hydraulic conditions (preferably a sufficiently long unifor

36、m stretch of water channel with uniform bed topography) are important factors in site selection in open channels, particularly where water levels may later be used in the computation of discharge. To ensure repeatability of the readings, ideally a bed or channel control shall be present, which itsel

37、f shall be stable and sensitive to changes in the level of the water. For the purpose of monitoring water levels e.g. for flood warning purposes, this may not be a strict requirement.5.1.2 Preliminary surveyA detailed examination of a 1:50,000 or larger scale map of the area is required in the first

38、 instance. Aerial surveys, satellite imagery, or maps available in the public domain such as Google Earth can be used as a basis for selecting potential sites, which can then be evaluated more precisely by ground reconnaissance. This will include a detailed visual examination. Enquiries shall be mad

39、e to determine 5DIN EN ISO 18365:2014-04 EN ISO 18365:2013 (E) whether or not any plans exist for the modification of the river reach which would modify the stream bed regime and would have an impact on the proposed gauging station.Enquiries shall also be made into any known past flow history includ

40、ing low water events, floods and other high water events, existence of any overflow area leading to flow by-passing the site, and very importantly, any knowledge of bed instability.It may be appropriate to discuss and outline proposals at an early stage with the owners of the site identified to ensu

41、re they are amenable to the proposed installation.Surveys of channel geometry and flow velocity patterns using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler may provide useful information.Collection of data from hydrometric measurement stations is dominated by the use of telemetry; availability and quality o

42、f methods of data transmission shall be investigated.5.1.3 Selection criteriaA list of potential sites shall be established with their advantages and disadvantages identified. Site selection can then be made according to the criteria identified in Clause 4. The establishment of the gauge zero shall

43、be chosen so as to avoid negative readings. Thus it shall be set well below the level of the control feature. This zero point shall be correlated with a national datum through a station benchmark and should be checked annually with respect to this benchmark. This will ensure that, should loss or dam

44、age to the reference gauge occur, it can be replaced at exactly the same level.The benchmark itself shall be checked regularly in order to confirm that it still represents the national datum. The frequency of such checks shall be dependent on local soil dynamics.5.2 Stage measurement and recording5.

45、2.1 GeneralThe reading of stage may be required as a single instantaneous measurement, as a short series of instantaneous measurements or as a continuous or practically continuous record of the fluctuations of stage. The basis of any of the above shall include the installation of a vertical staff ga

46、uge, a ramp gauge, or a wire-weight gauge.5.2.2 Vertical staff gaugeA vertical staff gauge comprises a scale (normally 1 metre in length with graduations or scale divisions of 5 or 10 mm) marked on or securely attached to a suitable and stable vertical surface. The gauge shall be made of material wi

47、th a low coefficient of expansion. Where the range of measurement required exceeds the capacity of a single vertical gauge, other gauges shall be installed on the line of a cross-section normal to the direction of flow. The scales on such a series of stepped staff gauges shall overlap by not less th

48、an 15 cm in order to safeguard continuity of readings and also to confirm their consistency with each other.5.2.3 Ramp or inclined gaugeA ramp or inclined gauge consists of a scale marked on or securely attached to a suitable and stable inclined surface, which conforms closely to the contour of the

49、river bank. The gauge shall be made of material with a low coefficient of expansion. Throughout its length the gauge may lie on one continuous slope or may be a compound of two or more slopes. The gauge shall lie on a line of a cross-section normal to the direction of flow.5.2.4 Wire or tape weight gaugeA wire or tape weight gauge consists of a weight which is manually lowered until the weight touches the surface of the water. The wire or tape may be wound on a drum attach