BS ISO 7870-5-2014 Control charts Specialized control charts《控制图 专用控制图》.pdf
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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 7870-5:2014Control chartsPart 5: Specialized control chartsBS ISO 7870-5:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7870-5:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SS/4, Statistic
2、al Process Management.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Pub
3、lished by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 68961 1ICS 03.120.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2014.Amendments issued since publi
4、cationDate Text affectedBS ISO 7870-5:2014 ISO 2014Control charts Part 5: Specialized control chartsCartes de contrle Partie 5: Cartes de contrle particuliresINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO7870-5First edition2014-01-15Reference numberISO 7870-5:2014(E)BS ISO 7870-5:2014ISO 7870-5:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All ri
5、ghts reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without pri
6、or written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS
7、 ISO 7870-5:2014ISO 7870-5:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 44.1 Symbols . 44.2 Abbreviated terms . 55 Specialized control charts . 56 Moving average and movin
8、g range control charts . 56.1 Control limits 66.2 Interpretation 66.3 Advantages . 66.4 Limitations 66.5 Example . 67 z- chart. 97.1 Control limits 97.2 Advantages 107.3 Limitations . 107.4 Example 108 Group control chart 108.1 Control limits . 128.2 Advantages 128.3 Limitations . 138.4 Example 139
9、High-low control chart .169.1 Control limits . 169.2 Interpretation . 179.3 Advantages 179.4 Limitations . 179.5 Example 1710 Trend control chart .1910.1 Control limits . 2010.2 Advantages 2010.3 Limitations . 2110.4 Example 2111 Control chart for coefficient of variation .2411.1 Control limits . 24
10、11.2 Advantage . 2411.3 Limitation . 2411.4 Example 2512 Control chart for non-normal data .2612.1 Control limits . 2712.2 Example 2813 Standardized p- chart .3213.1 Control limits . 3413.2 Advantages and limitations . 3413.3 Example 34BS ISO 7870-5:2014ISO 7870-5:2014(E)ForewordISO (the Internation
11、al Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been e
12、stablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standard
13、ization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance
14、with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of an
15、y patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement
16、.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible f
17、or this document is ISO/TC 69, Applications of statistical methods, Subcommittee SC 4, Applications of statistical methods in process management.ISO 7870 consists of the following parts, under the general title Control charts: Part 1: General guidelines Part 2: Shewhart control charts Part 3: Accept
18、ance control charts Part 4: Cumulative sum control charts Part 5: Specialized control charts Part 6: EWMA control chartsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7870-5:2014ISO 7870-5:2014(E)IntroductionThe Shewhart control charts as given in ISO 7870-2 aid in detection of unnatural patterns of variatio
19、ns in data from repetitive processes and provide criteria for detecting a lack of statistical control.However, there may be several special situations for variables data where Shewhart control charts may be inadequate, insufficient or less efficient in detecting the unnatural patterns of variation o
20、f the process, particularly where:a) it takes considerable time to produce an item and as such sample results are available at large intervals;b) there are several subgroup sources that have approximately the same production rate, process average and process capability;c) process average is changing
21、 systematically;d) sample size is large and sequence of production is irrelevant;e) process does not have a constant target value.In such situations, specialized control charts are to be used.Similarly, special situations may be encountered in dealing with attributes data. There may be situations wh
22、en criticality of an incidence in a subgroup (nonconformity) is a matter of concern, but different nonconformities are having different criticality. As such, all types of nonconformities cannot be treated alike. Depending upon criticality, different ratings (weights) are required to be given to each
23、 class of nonconformity, and accordingly demerit scores are calculated. The control limits are calculated based on such demerit scores and accordingly control charts are plotted to exercise process control.There may be situations when inspection by attributes is preferred to that by variables, from
24、practical considerations, for controlling both the location and the variability parameters of a measureable characteristic of a process (for example, inspection by gauging). The information is also available on the number of items less than the lower specification limits (no-go gauge) as well as the
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