BS ISO 5488-2015 Ships and marine technology Accommodation ladders《船舶与航海技术 舷梯》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 5488:2015Ships and marine technology Accommodation laddersBS ISO 5488:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 5488:2015.It supersedes BS MA 89:1980 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entru

2、sted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32, Ships and marine technology - Steeringcommittee.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its co

3、rrectapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 87174 0ICS 47.020.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strate

4、gy Committee on 31 December 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 5488:2015 ISO 2015Ships and marine technology Accommodation laddersNavires et technologie maritime chelles de coupeINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO5488Second edition2015-12-15Reference numberISO 5488:201

5、5(E)BS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical

6、, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerla

7、ndTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Types . 13.1 Revolving-platform ladder 13.2 Fixed-platform ladder . 14 Definitions . 24.1 Nominal length, L124.2 Design length, L2.34.3 Width, b 34.4

8、Handrail height, a 35 Dimensions . 45.1 Nominal length, L145.2 Width, b 45.3 Distance between steps . 45.4 Handrail height, a 45.5 Distance between stanchions . 46 Manufacture 46.1 Design . 46.1.1 Minimum angle of use . 46.1.2 Maximum angle of use 46.1.3 Design loading 56.1.4 Step design 56.1.5 Desi

9、gn loading for access and intermediate platforms 56.1.6 Design loading for handrail 56.1.7 Support points . 56.1.8 Strength and design of the ladder frame . 56.1.9 Safety factor . 56.2 Materials . 56.3 Surface requirements 67 Quality or manufacture . 68 Testing . 68.1 Procedure 68.2 Measure . 69 Ins

10、pection 710 Marking 7Bibliography 8 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards

11、is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take pa

12、rt in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particu

13、lar the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

14、 document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.i

15、so.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the W

16、TO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 1, Lifesaving and fire protection.This second edition cancels and replaces the first

17、 edition (ISO 5488:1979), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 5488:2015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5488:2015(E)Ships and marine technology Accommodation ladders1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies requirements and the method of test for accommodation ladde

18、rs used on merchant ships (excluding passenger ships) to enable crew and pilots to embark and disembark safely.This International Standard is applicable to the design, manufacturing and testing of accommodation ladders as well as accommodation ladder used specifically in combination with pilot ladde

19、r (hereinafter referred as “pilot accommodation ladder”).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest

20、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 209:2007, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Chemical compositionISO 630-1, Structural steels Part 1: General technical delivery conditions for hot-rolled productsISO 2408, Steel wire ropes for general purposes Minimum requiremen

21、tsIMO Resolution A.1045(27), Pilot transfer arrangements3 Types3.1 Revolving-platform ladderThe ladder, of single-flight, multi-flight or telescopic construction, is hinged from an upper revolving platform and is capable of being varied in direction and inclination between the ship and the lower acc

22、ess level.The ladder may be supported by steel wire ropes or chains from the lower suspension point or by rollers fixed to the bottom of the ladder (see Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3).3.2 Fixed-platform ladderThe ladder is hinged from a fixed anchorage and is capable of being varied in inclination

23、 between the ship and the lower access level.This ladder is supported by steel wire ropes or chains from suspension point(s) in the lower part of the ladder (see Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3). This ladder may be of single-flight or telescopic construction.This ladder is mainly applicable to pilot

24、 accommodation ladders. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)4 Definitions4.1 Nominal length, L14.1.1 For a single-flight ladder, the distance from the centre of the top pin to the centre of the lower platform holding pin (see Figure 1).LL121Key1 intermediate suspension poin

25、tsL1nominal lengthL2design lengthFigure 1 Single-flight ladder4.1.2 For a multi-flight ladder, the sum of the lengths L3and L4of the separate flights measured from the centre of the top pin to the centre of the lower pin in each case (see Figure 2)32LLL42L1Key1 intermediate suspension pointsL1nomina

26、l length, L1= L3+ L4L2design length, for each separate flightFigure 2 Multi-flight ladder4.1.3 For a telescopic ladder, the maximum length is the sum of the lengths L3and L4minus overlap length l, i.e. from the centre of the top pin of the upper flight to the centre of the lower platform holding pin

27、 of the lower telescopic ladder (see Figure 3), the minimum retraction length, L0, is the sum of L3and l1(see Figure 4).2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)3L41LLL2l1Key1 intermediate suspension pointsNOTE 1 Nominal length: L1.NOTE 2 Maximum design telescopic: L2= L3+ L4- l

28、.Figure 3 Telescopic ladder3L4Ll1NOTE Minimum design retraction: L0= L3+ l1.Figure 4 Retraction diagram of telescopic ladder4.2 Design length, L2The maximum distance between supporting points for each separate flight (see Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3).4.3 Width, bThe effective width of the walkin

29、g surface (see Figure 5).4.4 Handrail height, aThe vertical height of the handrail, measured from the highest point of the standing surface presented by the steps when the ladder is horizontal. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)aNOTE The sections shown are examples only.F

30、igure 5 Minimum width, b, and handrail height, a5 Dimensions5.1 Nominal length, L1The range of nominal lengths shall be as follows: 3,6 m to 18 m in 0,6 m increments; above 18 m in 0,7 m increments.5.2 Width, bThe width of all accommodation ladders shall be 600 mm.5.3 Distance between stepsThe dista

31、nce between the steps, referring to the distance between the neighbouring steps when the ladder is horizontal, shall be not less than 300 mm and not more than 350 mm. It shall be 300 mm for the nominal length of not more than 18 m, and about 350 mm for the nominal length of more than 18 m.5.4 Handra

32、il height, aThe top handrail height, a, shall be not less than 1 000 mm. Two handrails evenly spaced at mid-height shall be provided.5.5 Distance between stanchionsThe distance between the neighbouring stanchions shall be not more than 1 500 mm.6 Manufacture6.1 Design6.1.1 Minimum angle of useLadder

33、s of single-flight, multi-flight or telescopic types shall be designed for safe operation in a horizontal position.6.1.2 Maximum angle of useWith the steps horizontal, the ladder shall operate safely at an angle of 55 from the horizontal. According to the requirements of IMO Resolution A.1045(27), t

34、he pilot accommodation ladder shall operate safely at an angle of 45 from the horizontal.4 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)6.1.3 Design loading6.1.3.1 The ladders shall be designed to support a uniform load equivalent to 735 N on every step when the ladder is in a horizon

35、tal position.6.1.3.2 The pilot accommodation ladders shall be designed to support loads equivalent to 1470 N on intermediate two steps simultaneously when the ladder is horizontal.6.1.4 Step design6.1.4.1 The steps shall be designed to be anti-slip with the right profile (arc shape) and can operate

36、at the inclination required in 6.1.2 while being light but rigid enough to withstand the average weight of men.6.1.4.2 Individual steps shall be designed to withstand a central point load of 735 N.6.1.5 Design loading for access and intermediate platformsThe platforms shall be designed to support a

37、uniform loading of 4 000 N/m2. The framework and supporting structure of the upper and intermediate platforms shall in addition be designed to carry the weight of the suspended ladder together with the design load given in 6.1.3.6.1.6 Design loading for handrail6.1.6.1 Handrails and supports shall b

38、e designed for a side loading at the upper handrail of 500 N/m without permanent deformation.6.1.6.2 Where fixed handrails become one of the considerations in the integral strength design of ladder frame of the ladder, no permanent deformation has taken place for the handrail after the integral stre

39、ngth test is carried out for the ladder frame.6.1.7 Support points6.1.7.1 All support points (pivots, rollers, etc.) and suspension points (lugs, pulley yokes, brackets, etc.) shall be of adequate strength to support the weight of the ladder plus the loading stipulated in 6.1.3.6.1.7.2 Pulley yokes

40、of the suspension ladders on the two sides of the ladders and pilot accommodation ladders over 15m in length, shall be designed to meet the requirement of simultaneously hoisting at the two rope exits on one steel cable according to ISO 2408.6.1.8 Strength and design of the ladder frameThe strength

41、and design of the ladder frame shall be so as it will be anti-twist type.6.1.9 Safety factorThe allowable stress used in the design of the ladder, with the loading specified in 6.1.3, shall be determined by applying a safety factor of 2 to the yield point for steel and to the 0.2 % proof stress for

42、aluminium.6.2 MaterialsThe ladder frame of the ladder shall be constructed from steel or aluminium in accordance with the table, but alternative materials may be used for these and other components provided that they are at least suitable in all respects for the intended duty and are equally accepta

43、ble to the purchaser (see Table 1). ISO 2015 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)Table 1 MaterialsSteel ISO 630-1, Fe360B or equivalentAluminiumISO 209:2007, AW-Al Mg5(AW-5019), AW-Al MgSi(AW-6060) or other suitable alloy6.3 Surface requirements6.3.1 The surface of steel parts of th

44、e ladder shall be provided with effective anti-corrosion measures.6.3.2 Anodic oxidation treatment shall be made for the surface of aluminium parts of the ladder.6.3.3 Appropriate methods shall be provided for contact of different metallic materials to prevent corrosion.7 Quality or manufacture7.1 T

45、he ladder shall be visibly free from defects or distortion.7.2 All components shall be free from exposed rough or sharp edges likely to cause injury.7.3 Care shall be taken in the treatment of aluminium or steel structures to ensure the mechanical properties of materials.8 Testing8.1 ProcedureA prot

46、otype of each design of ladder shall be tested in a horizontal position, simply supported at the ends of the design length L2(see Figure 6), to prove the longitudinal strength and to measure maximum deflection. In the case of multi-flight ladders, each separate flight shall be tested in a similar ma

47、nner.The ladder shall be loaded with a load equivalent to 735 N on every step. The pilot accommodation ladder shall be loaded with loads equivalent to 1470 N on the intermediate two steps simultaneously.1Key1 maximum deflectionFigure 6 Method of testing for each separate flight8.2 Measure8.2.1 The m

48、aximum deflection of each flight of a ladder when loaded shall not exceed L2/100 for steel and L2/75 for aluminium.8.2.2 There is no twist or deformation of each flight of ladder.6 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 5488:2015ISO 5488:2015(E)9 Inspection9.1 Ladders subjected to a loading test shall b

49、e inspected after testing to ensure that there are no signs of damage or that no permanent deformation has taken place.9.2 All related equipment of ladders shall be visually checked after testing to ensure that there are no signs of residual defect or damage, and thata) there is no distortion of the platform and suspension,b) all suspension points, such as lugs and brackets are adequately secured,c) the roller or wheels revolve freely,d) for the collapsible guide fitted to the ladder, the stanchions, hand and intermediat