BS EN ISO 14268-2012 Leather Physical and mechanical tests Determination of water vapour permeability《皮革 物理和机械试验 水蒸气渗透性的测定》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 14268:2012Leather Physical andmechanical tests Determination of water vapourpermeability (ISO 14268:2012)BS EN ISO 14268:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Brit

2、ish Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO14268:2012. It supersedes BS EN ISO 14268:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TCI/69, Footwear, leather and coated fabrics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtain

3、ed on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 67878 3ICS 59.140.30Compliance with a

4、British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14268

5、November 2012 ICS 59.140.30 Supersedes EN ISO 14268:2002English Version Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of water vapour permeability (ISO 14268:2012) Cuir - Essais physiques et mcaniques - Dtermination de la permabilit la vapeur deau (ISO 14268:2012) Leder - Physikalische und

6、 mechanische Prfungen - Bestimmung der Wasserdampfdurchlssigkeit (ISO 14268:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 October 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a

7、national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A

8、 version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cypr

9、us, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kin

10、gdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14268:2012: EB

11、S EN ISO 14268:2012EN ISO 14268:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 14268:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 289 “Leather”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI, in collaboration with the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies. This European S

12、tandard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

13、document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14268:2002. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries

14、 are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,

15、 Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 14268:2012ISO 14268:2012(E) IULTCS/IUP 15:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle . 1 4 Apparatus . 1 5 Sampling and s

16、ample preparation . 2 6 Procedure . 3 7 Expression of results 4 8 Test report 4 Annex A (informative) Sources of apparatus . 5 Annex B (informative) Water vapour number . 6 Bibliography 7 BS EN ISO 14268:2012ISO 14268:2012(E) IULTCS/IUP 15:2012(E) iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the Int

17、ernational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee ha

18、s been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical

19、standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodie

20、s for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any o

21、r all such patent rights. ISO 14268 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, in collaboration with the Physical Tests Commission of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS), in ac

22、cordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). The first edition was based on IUP 15 originally published in J. Soc. Leather Trades Chemists, 44, p. 502, (1960) and declared an official method of the IULTCS in 1961. An updated version was published in J.

23、 Soc. Leather Tech. Chem., 82, p. 234, (1998) and a further revision published in J. Soc. Leather Tech. Chem., 84, p. 353, (2000) and reconfirmed as an official method in March 2001. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14268:2002), which has been technically revised. IULT

24、CS, originally formed in 1897, is a worldwide organization of professional leather societies to further the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO recognize

25、s IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for leather. BS EN ISO 14268:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14268:2012(E)IULTCS/IUP 15:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1Leather Physical and mechanical tests Determination of water vapour permeability 1 Scope Th

26、is International Standard describes a method for determining the water vapour permeability of leather and provides alternative methods of sample preparation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only t

27、he edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2418, Leather Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests Sampling location ISO 2419, Leather Physical and mechanical tests Sample preparation and conditio

28、ning ISO 2589, Leather Physical and mechanical tests Determination of thickness ISO 5402-1, Leather Determination of flex resistance Part 1: Flexometer method 3 Principle The test piece is clamped over the opening of a container which contains a solid desiccant and is placed in a strong current of a

29、ir in a standard atmosphere. The air inside the container is constantly agitated by the desiccant which is kept in motion by the rotation of the container. The container is weighed at the start and the end of the test and the mass of moisture which has been absorbed by the desiccant is determined fr

30、om the difference. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Containers, in the form of jars or bottles, with a neck of internal diameter 30 mm 3 mm fitted with a screw top with a circular opening whose diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the neck. Suitable containers typically have a height range of 70 mm to 90 mm

31、. 4.2 Test machine, including the following: 4.2.1 Vertically mounted turntable, rotating at 75 r/min 5 r/min, capable of holding containers (4.1) with their axis parallel to and 67 mm 2 mm from the axis of rotation of the turntable. 4.2.2 Fan, mounted in front of the mouths of the containers consis

32、ting of three flat blades in planes that are inclined 120 to one another. The planes of the blades pass through the prolongation of the axis of the vertically mounted turntable (4.2.1). The blades are of approximate dimensions 90 mm 75 mm and the 90 mm side nearest the mouths of the jars passes them

33、 at a distance of 10 mm 5 mm. The fan rotates at 1400 r/min 100 r/min with the direction of rotation being opposite to that of the vertically mounted turntable. The general arrangement of the turntable and fan are as shown in Figure 1. BS EN ISO 14268:2012ISO 14268:2012(E) IULTCS/IUP 15:2012(E) 2 IS

34、O 2012 All rights reserved4.3 Self-indicating silica gel desiccant, particle size 2 mm to 5 mm sieved to remove small particles and dust, and freshly regenerated by heating in a ventilated oven for at least 16 h at 125 C 5 C, then cooling to standard temperature in a hermetically sealed vessel. The

35、granular size of the crystals shall be such that they shall not pass through a 2 mm sieve. The silica gel shall not be used if it is warmer than the test piece. NOTE 1 Silica gel beads are preferred to granules as they generate less dust. NOTE 2 Large volumes of silica gel will only cool slowly in a

36、 closed vessel. A long cooling time may be needed to ensure that all the silica gel has cooled to standard temperature. 4.4 Balance, weighing to 0,001 g. 4.5 Stop clock, reading to 1 min. 4.6 Vernier callipers, reading to 0,1 mm and capable of measuring the internal diameter of the necks of the cont

37、ainers. 4.7 Press knife, as specified in ISO 2419, capable of cutting circular test pieces of a suitable size to allow a good seal at the open end of the container (4.1). 4.8 Beeswax. 4.9 Abrasive paper, grade P180. Dimension in millimetres Figure 1 General arrangement of test machine 4.10 Flex mach

38、ine, as specified in ISO 5402-1, if test pieces are to be subjected to flexing prior to test. 5 Sampling and sample preparation 5.1 Sample in accordance with ISO 2418. Cut three test pieces by applying the press knife (4.7) to the grain surface. BS EN ISO 14268:2012ISO 14268:2012(E) IULTCS/IUP 15:20

39、12(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3If necessary, determine the thickness, as specified in ISO 2589, to ensure test pieces are below 3,0 mm thickness. NOTE If there is a requirement for more than two hides or skins to be tested in one batch, then only one sample need be taken from each hide or skin,

40、 provided that the overall total is not less than three test pieces. 5.2 Prepare the three test pieces by one of the following methods; if no pre-treatment is specifically required then procedure c) is the preferred method: a) Cut a square piece of minimum size 50 mm. Place the piece grain upwards o

41、n a flat surface, press a piece of P180 grade abrasive paper (4.9) against the leather and draw it across the leather 10 times in various directions under a load of about 2 N applied by hand pressure. Cut a circular test piece from the buffed area using the press knife specified in 4.7. b) Flex a sa

42、mple for 20 000 cycles using the method and apparatus specified in ISO 5402-1. Cut a circular test piece from the flexed area using the press knife specified in 4.7. c) Cut a test piece using the press knife specified in 4.7. Many leathers have on the grain a surface coat which reduces the water vap

43、our permeability of the leather, but which has less effect after the coat has been flexed or exposed to slight abrasive action. The treatments specified in a) and b) are intended to simulate the abrasion which the leather would receive in wear. If no pre-treatment is required, method c) may be used,

44、 and this option can be preferable for suede and unfinished leathers. 5.3 Condition the test specimens (5.2) in accordance with ISO 2419 and carry out the test in the standard atmosphere. 6 Procedure 6.1 Half fill a container with freshly regenerated silica gel. 6.2 Place a test piece centrally over

45、 the open container so that the surface which is exposed to the higher humidity when the final product is in use is uppermost. 6.3 Fit a screw top to the container and tighten so that the test piece is securely held around the edge and the container is sealed. If it is necessary to seal the junction

46、 between the test piece and the neck of the jar, warm the bottle and apply a thin layer of beeswax (4.8) to the flat surface of the neck. If the opening of the jar has been coated with beeswax, warm to (50 5) C before introducing the silica gel and fixing the test piece. 6.4 Place the container on t

47、he turntable (4.2.1) and start the test machine. NOTE It might be necessary to use additional containers made up as in 6.1 to 6.3 to ensure that the turntable is balanced. 6.5 Using vernier callipers (4.6), measure the internal diameter of the neck of a second container (to the nearest 0,1 mm) in tw

48、o mutually perpendicular directions and calculate the mean diameter. 6.6 After 20 h 4 h, remove the first container from the test machine then, as rapidly as possible, half fill the second container with freshly regenerated silica gel. Remove the test piece and screw top from the first container, pl

49、ace them on the second container (keeping the same side facing outwards) and weigh the second container with the silica gel and test piece. Record the mass (m0). 6.7 If the test piece is approximately 3 mm in thickness or is heavily embossed or is expected to have a vapour permeability below 5 mg/(cm2h), the end surface of the neck of the second container, taken in 6.5, should be dipped in melted beeswax. Afterwards, half fill the second container with freshly regenerated silica gel. Remove the test piece an