BS 8103-1-2011 Structural design of low-rise buildings Code of practice for stability site investigation foundations precast concrete floors and ground floor slabs for housing《矮层建筑.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS 8103-1:2011Structural design of low-risebuildingsPart 1: Code of practice for stability,site investigation, foundations,precast concrete floors and groundfloor slabs for housi

2、ngPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 70065 1ICS 91.040.30; 93.020The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference B/204Draft for comment 11/3021

3、4388 DCPublication historyFirst published March 1986Second edition September 1995Third (present) edition November 2011Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS 8103-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword iii1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions and symbols 24 Stabil

4、ity and connections between elements 45 Site investigation 246 Foundations 257 Ground floor slabs 348 Suspended precast concrete floors 37AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Tabular method for the design of suspended cast in situconcrete ground floors 41Bibliography 57List of figuresFigure 1 Diagram illust

5、rating the action of wind forces 5Figure 2 Box construction plan form to give stability 5Figure3Walls with a difference in level on opposite sides 7Figure 4 Building shape 8Figure 5 Maximum height of building on sloping ground 8Figure 6 Measurement of storey height of walls in metres 9Figure 7 Basic

6、 wind speed, V, map (m/s) before the altitude correction isapplied 11Figure 8 Orographic zones for factor O 12Figure 9 Orography factor O for hills and ridges 13Figure 10 Orography factor O for cliffs and escarpments 13Figure 11 Diagram of a house showing location and type of connectionsnecessary be

7、tween elements 15Figure 12 Timber floor bearing on to wall 17Figure 13 Timber floor spanning parallel with a wall 18Figure 14 Timber floor supported on standard joist hanger 19Figure 15 Concrete suspended floor bearing on to wall 20Figure 16 Concrete suspended floor abutting wall 20Figure 17 Precast

8、 concrete beam and block type floor abutting or spanning onto wall 21Figure 18 Tying of pitched roofs to gable walls 22Figure 19 Pitched or flat roof bearing on to a wallplate 23Figure 20 Types of foundation 26Figure 21 Foundation adjoining a trench 32Figure 22 Thickness of foundations 32Figure 23 S

9、tepped foundations 33Figure 24 Position of walls on foundations 34Figure 25 Foundations to walls with projections 34Figure 26 In situ concrete ground-supported slab 35Figure 27 Generic types of precast floor systems 38Figure 28 Typical bearing details for precast floors 40Figure A.1 Definitions 42Fi

10、gure A.2 Tables selection procedure 45Figure A.3 L and T shaped slabs 45List of tablesBRITISH STANDARD BS 8103-1:2011 BSI 2011 iTable 1 Altitude factor 10Table 2 Factor O 10Table 3 Maximum allowable building height, m 14Table 4 Concretes suitable for unreinforced concrete in strip and trench fillfou

11、ndations subject to aggressive chemical conditions in the ground orgroundwater 27Table5Wallload categories for 4.5 m floors and 9 m roofs 28Table6Wallload categories for 6 m floors and 12 m roofs 29Table7Wallload categories for internal wall foundations 30Table 8 Identification of ground material an

12、d minimum foundation widths forwall load categories 31Table 9 Concretes suitable for ground floor slabs 36Table 10 Exposure class for intended use 38Table A.1 Weights of partitions non-loadbearing partitions 43Table A.2 Weights of floor finishes 44Table A.3 Design table for suspended in situ concret

13、e floors No perpendicularpartition load; aspect ratio not greater than 1.8 47Table A.4 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load = 0.75 kN/linear m; aspect ratio not greater than 1.8 48Table A.5 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpart

14、ition load = 2.0 kN/linear m; aspect ratio not greater than 1.8 49Table A.6 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load = 3.75 kN/linear m; aspect ratio not greater than 1.8 50Table A.7 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load

15、= 7.0 kN/linear m; aspect ratio not greater than 1.8 51Table A.8 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors No perpendicularpartition load; aspect ratio greater than 1.8 52Table A.9 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load = 0.75 kN/linear m; aspect rati

16、o greater than 1.8 53Table A.10 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load = 2.0 kN/linear m; aspect ratio greater than 1. 8 54Table A.11 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load = 3.75 kN/linear m; aspect ratio greater than 1

17、.8 55Table A.12 Design table for suspended in situ concrete floors Perpendicularpartition load = 7.0 kN/linear m; aspect ratio greater than 1. 8 56Table A.13 Design table for suspended in situ concrete garage floors 56Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, page

18、s i to iv,pages 1 to 58, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8103-1:2011ii BSI 2011ForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 8103 is published by BSI and came into effect on30 November 2011. It was prepared by Technical Committee B/204, Structuraldesign of low-rise buildings

19、. A list of organizations represented on thiscommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis part of BS 8103 supersedes BS 8103-1:1995 and BS 8103-4:1995, which arewithdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsBS 8103 will be published in three parts: Part 1: Code of practice

20、for stability, site investigation, foundations andground floor slabs for housing; Part 2: Code of practice for masonry walls for housing; Part 3: Code of practice for timber floors and roofs for housing.Information about this documentThe scope and limitations of this part of BS 8103 are similar to A

21、1/2 Section 2 ofApproved Document A to The Building Regulations 1. A particular exception isthat the maximum clear span for roofs is up to 12 m rather than9minApproved Document A.A large proportion of the national building programmes is concerned with newhousing and alterations in both the public an

22、d private sectors, where traditionalmethods of construction are used for the majority of houses, and it is to thesethat this part of BS 8103 is applicable.Use of this documentIt is assumed that this standard will be used by those with expertise in buildingconstruction but not necessarily in structur

23、al engineering design. Housesconstructed within the limitations stated in the relevant clauses will not requireadditional specialist advice. For any conditions outside the limitations of thisstandard appropriate specialist advice has to be obtained.When using this standard, it is important to ensure

24、 that the overall stability ofthe house is achieved and that the work of any specialist engaged is properlycoordinated. The situations included in this standard which require theconsultation of suitably qualified persons are identified in the clauses to whichthey relate.All drawings in this document

25、 only show structural details. Other details, e.g.damp proof courses, are not included.In particular, it is expected that changes in the regulatory requirements forenergy conservation are likely to modify the use of the traditionaldetails. Examples are providing insulation below ground bearing floor

26、s, orincreased thicknesses of insulation in cavity walls. Such items are outside thescope of this British Standard, which deals only with the basic structural issues.As a code of practice this part of BS 8103 takes the form of guidance andrecommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a spec

27、ification andparticular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are notmisleading.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8103-1:2011 BSI 2011 iiiAny user claiming compliance with this part of BS 8103 is expected to be able tojustify any course of action that deviates from its recommendations.Presentat

28、ional conventionsThe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Itsrecommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliaryverb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented insmaller italic type, and does not consti

29、tute a normative element.The word “should” is used to express recommendations of this standard. Theword “may” is used in the text to express permissibility, e.g. as an alternative tothe primary recommendation of the clause. The word “can” is used to expresspossibility, e.g. a consequence of an actio

30、n or an event.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8103-1:2011iv

31、 BSI 20111 ScopeThis part of BS 8103 gives recommendations for the structural design of low-risehousing and covers the stability of the structure, site investigation andfoundations and ground floor slabs used in the construction. Foundationscomprising strip footings or trench fill founded in normal

32、ground are the onlytype described.Low-rise housing comprises detached, semi-detached and terraced houses andflats (with not more than four self-contained dwelling units per floor accessiblefrom one staircase), of not more than three storeys above ground intended fordomestic occupation and of traditi

33、onal masonry construction with timber roofsand floors of timber or concrete. For the purposes of this standard, additionalhabitable accommodation in the roof space constitutes a storey of the house.The recommendations also apply to certain single storey, non-residentialbuildings, e.g. domestic garag

34、es and annexes to residential buildings with afloor area not exceeding 36 m2. This standard does not include the design ofbasements but, providing the basement is of one level only and is designed toprovide a firm platform at ground level, the provisions of this standard mayapply to the superstructu

35、re.Proprietary housing systems and houses of timber, steel or concrete framedconstruction are not covered by this standard.The structural design recommendations described in this standard are notspecifically intended to cover other considerations such as fire resistance,thermal and sound insulation,

36、 resistance to damp penetration and durability.For the purposes of this part of BS 8103, the following limitations apply:a) roof: maximum clear span 12.0 m;b) floor: maximum clear span 6.0 m;c) a dynamic wind pressure not exceeding a value of 1.2 kN/m2(see 4.3);d) no part of wall or roof higher than

37、 15 m above lowest adjacent groundlevel;e) storey height: maximum 2.7 m;f) maximum clear length of a loadbearing wall between vertical lateralsupports of 9.0 m;g) maximum length of any opening in loadbearing walls: 3.0 m;h) only strip footings or trench fill foundations in normal ground conditions(s

38、ee 6.1).NOTE Where foundations other than those given in item h) have been designed bysuitably qualified persons, the remainder of the building may be constructed inaccordance with the relevant clauses of this standard.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for th

39、e application ofthis document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undatedreferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including anyamendments) applies.BS 8000-2.2:1990, Workmanship on building sites Part 2: Code of practice forconcrete work Section 2.2 Sitework w

40、ith in situ and precast concreteBS 8500-1, Concrete Complementary British Standard to BS EN 206-1 Part 1:Method of specifying and guidance for the specifierBRITISH STANDARD BS 8103-1:2011 BSI 2011 1BS 8500-2:2006, Concrete Complementary British Standard to BS EN 206-1 Part 2: Specification for const

41、ituent materials and concreteBS EN 845-1:2003+A1:2008, Specification for ancillary components for masonry Part 1: Ties, tension straps, hangers and bracketsBS EN 1991-1-1, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures Part 1-1: General actions Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildingsNA to BS EN 1991-

42、1-1, UK National Annex to Eurocode 1: Actions on structures Part 1-1: General actions Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildingsBS EN 1992-1-1:2002, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-2:General rules Structural fire designNA to BS EN 1992-1-1, UK National Annex to Eurocode 2:

43、Design of concretestructures Part 1-2: General rules Structural fire designBS EN 13670:2009, Execution of concrete structuresPD 6697:2010, Recommendations for the design of masonry structures toBS EN 1996-1-1 and BS EN 1996-2N1BUILDING RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT. Concrete in aggressive ground(Special Di

44、gest 1). Watford: BRE, 20051)3 Terms and definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 8103, the following terms and definitionsapply.3.1.1 aspect ratiolonger span divided by the shorter span3.1.2 buttresssection of wall or pier, bonded or securely tied to an ad

45、jacent wall providingsupport against lateral forces acting on the wall3.1.3 cavityspace between two leaves of a cavity wall3.1.4 cavity walltwo parallel single-leaf walls spaced at least 50 mm and not more than 300 mmapart and tied together with wall ties3.1.5 clear spandistance between opposite fac

46、es of supportsNOTE See also Figure A.1.3.1.6 foundationpart of a structure in direct contact with and transmitting loads to the ground3.1.7 foundation depthdistance between the finished external ground level and the underside of theconcrete in strip footings or trench fill construction1)Available fr

47、om the Building Research Establishment, Garston, Watford, Herts,WD2 7JR.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8103-1:20112 BSI 20113.1.8 ground-supported slabconcrete slab constructed directly on and supported by the ground to receivematerial forming or supporting the wearing surface3.1.9 heaveupward movement of the g

48、round3.1.10 hoggininert natural mixture usually consisting of gravel, sand and clay3.1.11 loadbearing wallwall that carries vertical and/or lateral loads in addition to its self-weight3.1.12 longer spanlonger of the two clear spans of a rectangular floor slabNOTE See also Figure A.1.3.1.13 masonryas

49、semblage of structural units that are bonded or solidly put together withmortar3.1.14 noggingsolid piece of timber between timber members to provide support for anattachment pointNOTE In Scotland a nogging is commonly known as a “dwang”.3.1.15 orographic factormultiplier to take into account the effect of hills, ridges, cliffs and escarpments3.1.16 parallel partitionpartition which is supported by the floor slab an