BS 7527-2 7-1991 Classification of environmental conditions - Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Fauna and flora《环境条件分类 第2部分 大自然呈现的环境条件 第7节 动物群和植物群》.pdf

《BS 7527-2 7-1991 Classification of environmental conditions - Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Fauna and flora《环境条件分类 第2部分 大自然呈现的环境条件 第7节 动物群和植物群》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS 7527-2 7-1991 Classification of environmental conditions - Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Fauna and flora《环境条件分类 第2部分 大自然呈现的环境条件 第7节 动物群和植物群》.pdf（8页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS7527-2.7: 1991 IEC721-2-7: 1987 Classification of environmental conditions Part2: Environmental conditions appearing in nature Section2.7 Fauna and flora (Implementation of CENELEC HD478.2.7S1)BS7527-2.7:1991 This BritishStandard, having been prepared under the directionof the Gen

2、eral Electrotechnical Standards PolicyCommittee, was publishedunder the authorityofthe Standards Boardand comes into effect on 29November1991 BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference GEL/15 Special announcement in BSINews July1991 ISBN 0 580 2

3、0171 6 Committees responsible for this BritishStandard The preparation of this BritishStandard was entrusted by the General Electrotechnical Standards Policy Committee (GEL/-) to Technical CommitteeGEL/15, upon which the following bodies were represented: Directorate of Telecommunications EEA (the A

4、ssociation of Electronics, Telecommunications and Business Equipment Industries) Electronic Components Industry Federation Ministry of Defence National Supervising Inspectorate Society of Environmental Engineers Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Amendments issued since publication A

5、md. No. Date CommentsBS7527-2.7:1991 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Object 1 3 General 1 4 Occurrence of fauna and flora 2 Publication(s) referred to Inside back coverBS7527-2.7:1991 ii BSI 12-1999 National foreword This Section

6、 of BS7527 has been prepared under the direction of the General Electrotechnical Standards Policy Committee. It is identical with IECPublication721-2-7:1987 “Classification of environmental conditions Part2:Environmental conditions appearing in nature. Fauna and flora”, published by the Internationa

7、l Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This Section of BS7527 implements CENELEC Harmonization Document(HD)478.2.7S1. For the purposes of this BritishStandard, any references to IEC page numbers in the text should be ignored. Other Parts of this BritishStandard are as follows. Part1: Environmental par

8、ameters and their severities; Part2: Environmental conditions appearing in nature; Section2.1: Temperature and humidity; Section2.2: Precipitation and wind; Section2.3: Air pressure; Section2.4: Solar radiation and temperature; Section2.5: Dust, sand, salt mist; Section2.6: Earthquake vibration and

9、shock; Part3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities; Section3.0: Introduction; Section3.1: Storage; Section3.2: Transportation; Section3.3: Stationary use at weatherprotected locations; Section3.4: Stationary use at non-weatherprotected locations; Section3.5: Grou

10、nd vehicle installations; Section3.6: Ship environment; Section3.7: Portable and non-stationary use. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard

11、 does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-reference International Standard Corresponding BritishStandard IEC721-1:1990 BS7527 Classification of environmental conditions Part1:1991 Environmental parameters and their severities (Identical) Summary of pages This document compris

12、es a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 and 2, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS7527-2.7:1991 BSI 12-199

13、9 1 1 Scope This part of the standard presents fauna and flora, including fungus, appearing in nature and describes influences emanating from these environmental parameters. It is intended to be used as part of the background information when selecting appropriate severities for product application.

14、 When selecting severities of parameters related to fauna and flora for product application, the specifications given in IEC Publication721-1 should be applied. 2 Object To describe influences from fauna and flora to which products are liable to be exposed during storage, transportation and use. 3 G

15、eneral Fauna and flora can affect products in various ways, the most important of which are given in the following examples. 3.1 Deterioration by mechanical forces The functioning of products may be affected by physical attacks of fauna and flora. 3.1.1 Causes of deterioration The materials of produ

16、cts may be attacked by fauna, particularly by rodents and insects, by actions such as: feeding from material, gnawing at material, eating into material, chewing material, cutting holes into material. NOTESevere damage by termites is especially emphasized in this respect. Among material susceptible t

17、o attack are natural materials such as wood, paper, leather, textiles, but also plastic materials including elastomers and even some metals such as tin and lead. Another type of attack by all kinds of animals is brought about by actions such as: stroke or impact, thrust. Attacks by flora, especially

18、 mould growth and detached parts of plants, can affect products by actions such as: overgrowth, thrust, impact. 3.1.2 Kinds of damage The effects mentioned above may lead to the following damage: physical breakdown of material, parts, units, devices, mechanical deformation or compression, mechanical

19、 failure, for example of moving parts, surface deterioration, electrical failure by mechanical deterioration as above. 3.2 Deterioration by deposits The functioning of products may be affected by deposits originating from fauna and flora. These surface deposits affect the products by chemical and me

20、chanical reactions. 3.2.1 Causes of deterioration Deposits from fauna, especially from insects, rodents, birds, etc., may consist of elements such as: presence of the animal itself, building of nests or settlements, feed stocks, metabolic products such as excrements, enzymes. Deposits from all kinds

21、 of flora may consist of material such as: detached parts of plants (leaves, blossom, seeds, fruits, etc.), growth layers of cultures of moulds or bacteria and effects of their metabolic products. 3.2.2 Kinds of damage The effects mentioned above may lead to the following damage: deterioration of ma

22、terial, corrosion, etc., mechanical failure of moving parts, electrical failure due to: increased conductivity of insulators, failure of insulation, increased contact resistance, electrolytic and ageing effects in the presence of humidity or chemical substances, moisture absorption and adsorption, d

23、ecreased heat dissipation. NOTETwo examples of damage by these effects are: interruption of electrical circuits, clouding of optical surfaces (including glass).BS7527-2.7:1991 2 BSI 12-1999 4 Occurrence of fauna and flora With only few exceptions, fauna and flora may be present at all locations wher

24、e products may be stored, transported or used. While fauna may be the cause of damage inside buildings as well as at open-air locations, damage by flora will predominantly occur in open-air conditions. Moulds and bacteria may be present inside buildings and in open-air conditions. The frequency of o

25、ccurrence of fauna and flora with a possibility of damaging products depends very much on conditions of temperature and humidity. Ingeographical areas with warm damp climates, fauna and flora, especially insects and micro-organisms such as mould and bacteria, will find favourable conditions of life.

26、 However, humid or wet rooms in buildings, or rooms for processes producing humidity, are suitable living spaces for rodents, insects and micro-organisms. The range of temperature in which, for instance, moulds may grow is from0 C to40 C, the most favourable temperatures for many cultures being betw

27、een22 C and28 C. If the surfaces of products carry layers of organic substances (e.g.grease, oil, dust) or deposits of animal or vegetable origin, such surfaces are ideal for the growth of moulds and bacteria.BS7527-2.7:1991 BSI 12-1999 Publication(s) referred to See national foreword.BS7527-2.7: 19

28、91 IEC721-2-7: 1987 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions B

29、ritishStandards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of BritishStandards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity w

30、hile using this BritishStandard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel:02089969000. Fax:02089967400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automaticall

31、y receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel:02089969001. Fax:02089967001. In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implemen

32、tation of those that have been published as BritishStandards, unless otherwise requested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronic inform

33、ation services are also available which give details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel:02089967111. Fax:02089967048. Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. Fo

34、r details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel:02089967002. Fax:02089967001. Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted under the Cop

35、yright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing th

36、e standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager. Tel:02089967070.