BS 5237-1985 Specification for lifting twistlocks《起重旋锁规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS5237:1985 Specification for Lifting twistlocks UDC621.889.2:621.869.888BS5237:1985 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Packaging andFreight Containers StandardsCommittee, waspublished under the authorityof the Board of BSIandcomes into effect on 3

2、1 October1985 BSI 09-1999 First published September1975 First revision October1985 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PKM/505 Draft for comment 84/39089 DC ISBN 0 580 14555 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this B

3、ritish Standard was entrusted by the Packaging and Freight Containers Standards Committee (PKM/-) to Technical Committee PKM/505 upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Federation Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of British Railway Carriage and Wagon Manufacture

4、rs British Airways British Industrial Truck Association British Ports Association and the National Association of Ports Employers British Railways Board Department of Transport (Transport Industries) Freight Transport Association Limited General Council of British Shipping Health and Safety Executiv

5、e Institute of Freight Forwarders Limited Institute of Materials Handling International Institute of Container Lessors Ministry of Defence National Freight Corporation (NFC) Ltd. PIRA (the Research Association for the Paper and Board, Printing and Packaging Industries) Road Haulage Association Ltd.

6、Shipowners Refrigerated Cargo Research Association Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS5237:1985 BSI 09-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Types of lifting twistloc

7、ks 1 3 Form and dimensions 1 4 Material 2 5 Rating 3 6 Thread on lifting twistlock shaft 3 7 Testing 3 8 Marking 5 Appendix A Method of establishing limits on positioning of centres of lifting twistlocks used for lifting, location and restraint 6 Appendix B Notes on design, selection and use of lift

8、ing twistlocks 10 Figure 1 Dimensions of twistlock 2 Figure 2 Suitable dimensions for corner locating spigots for use in conjunction with lifting twistlocks 4 Figure 3 Notations for dimensions between lifting twistlocks: fixed centres 5 Figure 4 Manner of loading for proof loading 5 Figure 5 Plan vi

9、ew of corner fittings 7 Figure 6 Plan view of an arrangement of twistlocks 8 Figure 7 Relationship between allowable difference between diagonals (K) and parallelogramming (X) of container 8 Figure 8 Relative positions of corner fittings and twistlock spigots 9 Table 1 Minimum lateral and longitudin

10、al float requirements for a range of twistlock dimensions 1 Table 2 Centre-to-centre dimensions and tolerances between lifting twistlocks: fixed centres 3 Table 3 Rating of lifting twistlocks 3 Table 4 Dimensions between centres of apertures in container corner fittings (upper face of top fittings o

11、r lower face of bottom fittings) and relevant tolerances 7 Table 5 Values of parallelogramming (X) for different container sizes 8 Table 6 Example of application of method of calculation of tolerances on centre-to-centre dimensions for twistlocks with fixed centres 10 Publications referred to Inside

12、 back coverBS5237:1985 ii BSI 09-1999 Foreword This revision of BS5237 has been prepared under the direction of the Packaging and Freight Container Standards Committee. It supersedes BS5237:1975 which is withdrawn. This standard specifies certain features of a component for lifting freight container

13、s and certain other equipment. These components are generally known as lifting twistlocks, and are referred to as such in this standard. This standard does not, however, cover the design features of twistlocks which may be used for the location and restraint of containers on vehicles. The lifting tw

14、istlock designs in this standard are compatible with series1 freight containers which comply with BS3951-1.1 and which are equipped with corner fittings as specified in BS3951-1.2. The lifting twistlock provides a means of locking freight containers to a lifting frame suitable for automatic, semi-au

15、tomatic or manual operating systems. Lifting twistlocks are associated with spigots which locate the twistlock in the corner fittings of the container and the profiles of the twistlocks are such as to provide a degree of gather. Suitable dimensions for such corner locating spigots are included for g

16、uidance (see Figure 2). Four lifting twistlocks may also be used for occasionally lifting equally distributed loads equipped with corner fittings, such as hatch covers, sub-spreaders etc., which may be heavier than a fully laden1AA,1A or1AX freight container, as specified in BS3951-1.1, provided alw

17、ays that the rating of the twistlock is not exceeded. This revision of BS5237 corrects certain errors contained in the tables and figures of the first edition, updates references and clarifies certain points in the text. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of

18、a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to12, an inside back

19、 cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS5237:1985 BSI 09-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies the characteristics of the head and adjacen

20、t portions of the shank and the dimensional requirements and material properties for lifting twistlocks used in conjunction with series1freight containers that comply with BS3951-1.1 and are equipped with corner fittings as specified in BS3951-1.2. Test load, rating and marking requirements are also

21、 specified. Certain dimensions of the lifting twistlocks are specified on the assumption of correct spacing of the twistlocks in the lifting frame. It has therefore been necessary to specify the centre distances which apply. For fixed centre twistlocks the tolerances on these distances are also spec

22、ified (seeTable 2). These dimensions and tolerances are based on series1freight container and corner fitting dimensions. The method by which the tolerances are derived is given in Appendix A. Appendix B outlines the factors to be considered in deducing the maximum imposed load on the twistlock. The

23、attachment of lifting twistlocks to their relevant supporting members is not covered nor are details of safety interlocks or position-indicating devices. The end of the shank and the method of attachment to the operating mechanism and spreader are not specified. NOTEThe titles of the publications re

24、ferred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Types of lifting twistlocks 2.1 Lifting twistlocks with fixed centres These twistlocks shall be located at fixed centre distances in a lifting frame. 2.2 Lifting twistlocks with floating centres These twistlocks shall be provided with

25、 a degree of both lateral and longitudinal movement or float to enable them to position themselves separately with respect to container corner fittings. NOTEIn this case the twistlocks may be larger in certain dimensions. The method of achieving float should not significantly increase the likelihood

26、 of the load being taken on one side of the twistlock head only. 3 Form and dimensions 3.1 Lifting twistlocks The form and dimensions of the head and adjacent shank area of lifting twistlocks shall be in accordance with Figure 1 and Table 1. For twistlocks that are located at fixed centre distances

27、in the lifting frame the dimensions shall be in accordance with the first line of Table 1. NOTE 1For twistlocks that are provided with horizontal movement or float the dimensions may be modified, depending on the amount of float provided, in accordance with the subsequent lines of Table 1. The twist

28、lock dimensions, however, should not exceed those given in the last line of Table 1, which correspond with the minimum acceptable clearance in the container corner fitting for all possible positions of the twistlock. NOTE 2The mounting of twistlocks should be such as to ensure that the head does not

29、 overhang the associated corner locating spigot when in the in-line (unlocked) position. Suitable dimensions for such spigots are shown in Figure 2. NOTE 3Dimensions between centres of fixed twistlocks when mounted on lifting frames should (using the notation in Figure 3) comply with the relevant pa

30、rts of Table 2 or an equivalent table derived in a similar manner (see Appendix A). For floating twistlocks it should be noted that although nominal centre-to-centre dimensions will remain as shown in Table 2, tolerances should be deduced with due allowance for the amount of float. Where the minimum

31、 amount of float is employed, the dimensions between centres about which float is introduced should have tolerances and allowable differences between diagonals similar to those applicable to the centres of fixed centre twistlocks. Table 1 Minimum lateral and longitudinal float requirements for a ran

32、ge oftwistlockdimensions Minimum lateral and longitudinal float per twistlock Dimensions represented in Figure 1 and Figure 2 by: D d A B C 0 (fixed) 1 2 3 4 5 or more mm mm 53 to53.1 53 to54 53 to55 53 to56 54 to57 55 to58 mm mm mm 48 nominal 49 nominal 50 nominal 51 nominal 52 nominal 53 nominal 5

33、4 +0.1 0 55 +0.1 0 56 +0.1 0 57 +0.1 0 58 +0.1 0 59 +0.1 0 97+0 0.5 98+0 0.5 99+0 0.5 100+0 0.5 101+0 0.5 102+0 0.5 56 +0 0.25 57 +0 0.25 58 +0 0.25 59 +0 0.25 60 +0 0.25 61 +0 0.25BS5237:1985 2 BSI 09-1999 4 Material Lifting twistlocks shall be manufactured from steel forgings. It shall be the resp

34、onsibility of the manufacturer to choose the material for the twistlock and ensure that the heat treatment given to the twistlock is suitable. The material shall be selected so that in the finished condition the minimum mechanical properties are equivalent to or better than those of steel category81

35、7M40, heat treatment condition V as specified in BS970-1. The tempering temperature shall be chosen so that impact values no lower than those quoted for steel category817M40, heat treatment condition V, may be obtained throughout the range of temperatures likely to be encountered in service. NOTEFor

36、 details of lettered dimensions see Table 1. Figure 1 Dimensions of twistlockBS5237:1985 BSI 09-1999 3 Table 2 Centre-to-centre dimensions and tolerances between lifting twistlocks: fixed centres 5 Rating Lifting twistlocks shall be rated in accordance with the safe working loads (SWL) given in Tabl

37、e 3 and on the basis that they shall be used in sets of four ascomponents in a lifting frame for lifting freight containers and for the occasional lifting of heavier loads equipped with corner fittings, such as hatch covers, which apply a substantially equal load to all twistlocks. NOTEAppendix B ou

38、tlines the factors to be taken into account in selecting the SWL. Under no circumstances shall the SWL of the individual twistlock be exceeded. 6 Thread on lifting twistlock shaft Where the shaft of the lifting twistlock is to be threaded, the portion of the shank at the end of the screw thread shal

39、l have a runout, the undercut and fillet of which shall be in accordance with the appropriate recommendations of Appendix A of BS1936-2:1970. 7 Testing 7.1 Proof loading After completion of manufacture every lifting twistlock shall be subjected to a proof load in accordance with that given in Table

40、3. The proof load shall be applied in the manner shown in Figure 4, which represents the conditions in practice where the fixed spigot is in contact with one side of the top aperture of an upper corner fitting, with the aperture being the maximum, i.e.65mm. Every lifting twistlock shall withstand th

41、e proof load without showing any permanent set and shall then be checked for flaws and defects. Table 3 Rating of lifting twistlocks 7.2 Impact and hardness Impact and hardness tests shall be carried out on a representative sample of steel forgings from each heat treatment batch, and details of thes

42、e tests shall be made available to the purchaser. The forgings to be tested shall have suitable prolongations and these prolongations shall have a diameter approximately equal to the shank section dimension of the forging at the time of heat treatment. The prolongations shall not be finally severed

43、until after heat treatment. 7.3 Test certificate for lifting twistlocks A test certificate shall be supplied for each twistlock stating that it complies with this standard, i.e.BS5237:1985, and including the following information: a) distinguishing mark; b) test loading applied; c) safe working load

44、; d) details of materials and heat treatment process; e) signature of person and company responsible for test and examination. NOTEThe appropriate statutory form may be used. Dimensions Freight container size and designation 40 ft 1A,1AA or1AX 30 ft 1B,1BB or1BX 20 ft 1C,1CC or1CX 10 ft 1D or1DX S t

45、 a P t a k mm 11985.5 3.5 2259 3.0 8.5 mm 8918.5 4.0 2259 3.0 10.0 mm 5853.5 5.0 2259 3.0 14.0 mm 2 787 5.0 2259 3.0 13.5 NOTELifting twistlocks should be arranged to rotate through an angle of90 2 about their own axis of symmetry and the longer axis of the head should be at approximately90 to the l

46、ongitudinal axis of the containers when the twistlock is in the lifting position. a S tand P tvalues are derived from the length and width dimensions respectively of series1 freight containers, having regard to the relevant corner fitting dimensions and tolerances. It should be noted that, for conve

47、nience in calculations, the nominal values of S tand P thave been chosen exactly halfway between their respective maximum and minimum values, hence S tvalues for the1A,1AA,1AX,1B,1BB,1BX,1C,1CC and1CX containers are0.5mm higher than the “reference” dimension S given in BS3951-1.1. If required a slig

48、htly larger value may be given to the tolerance on S t , but in this case the value of k should be deduced (see examples given inA.3). Twistlock shaft undercut diameter d Safe working load Proof load mm 53 d 56 56 d 58 58 tonnes 11 12 13 tonnes 22 24 26BS5237:1985 4 BSI 09-1999 NOTEFor details of le

49、ttered dimensions see Figure 1 and Table 1. Figure 2 Suitable dimensions for corner locating spigots for use inconjunctionwithliftingtwistlocksBS5237:1985 BSI 09-1999 5 8 Marking Each lifting twistlock shall, after tensile testing, be permanently and legibly marked on the side of the head with the following information: a) the safe working load; b) such individual markings as will allow identification with the test certificate; c) the date of manufacture (month and year); d) the number of this British Standard,