BS 4854-1972 Specification for cars for manriding in mines《矿用载人车规范》.pdf

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1、 THIS BRITISH STANDARD, having been approved by the Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 26th September, 1972. 0 British Standards Institution, 1972. ISBN: O 580 07467 6 Copyright Users of British Standards are remi

2、nded that copyright subsists in all BSI publications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols and size, type or grad

3、e designations. Enquiries should be addressed to the BSI Secretariat. Contract requirements Attention is drawn to the fact that this British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract, in order to keep abreast of progress in the industries concerned, British Stan

4、dards are subject to periodical review. Suggestions for improvements will be recorded and in due course brought to the notice of the committees charged with the revision of the standards to which they refer. Revision of British Standards British Standards are revised, when necessary, by the issue ei

5、ther of amendment slips or of revised editions. It is important that users of British Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or editions. Full information on all BSI publications, numbering over 6000, will be found in the British Stundurds Yearbook. This info

6、rmation is supplemented by details published each month in BSI News of new publications, revisions and amendments. BSI Newsis available to Subscribing Members of the Institution. All other publications may be purchased direct from Sales Department. Enquiries concerning subscribing membership, which

7、has considerable advantages, will be welcomed, and should be made to Subscriptions Department. Both departments are located at: 101 Pentonville Road, London N19ND (Tel. 01-837 8801; Telex 23218). The following references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MQE/7 Draft for commen

8、t 70/35965 r Co-operating Organizations The Mining and Quarrying Requisites industry Standards Committee, under whose supsrvision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Governmsnt department and scientific and industrial organizations: Association of Minin

9、g Electrical and Mechanical Engineers British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association *British Steel Industry +Council of Underground Machinery Manufacturers *Department of Trade and Industry Engineering Equipment Users Association Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cr

10、anes Institute of Quarrying Institution of bchanical Engineers Institution of Mining Engineers National Coal Board The Government department and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with

11、the preparation of this British Standard: Pit Tub and Mine Car Manufacturers Association Steel Castings Association _ . . . .-. .- . - . . Prinied in England by Gaylard the sux M denotes metric units), Cars that comply with the requirements of this standard are purpose designed with regard to seatin

12、g and braking for use on tracks which are level or on gradients up to a maximum of 1 in 3. In conformity with current United Kingdom policy, this British Standard has been written in metric units, as far as possible; imperial equivalents are also quoted for ready reference and to facilitate any nece

13、ssary interchangeability of components. At the present time, however, this principle is not followed in respect of the wheel and axle assemblies, in which certain dimensions and fits are not compatible as between the two respective systems of units; consequently, imperial designs only are perpetuate

14、d in this initial issue of the standard. Metric based wheels, bearings and axles are being studied meanwhile and, when adequate experience of such metric assemblies has been gained, appropriate data will be substituted in this British Standard. Rope clip design is only covered in general terms at th

15、is juncture, pending the results of comprehensive studies into the subject, from which it is hoped to enlarge on the standard requirements. In preparing standard requirements for the complete vehicle, care has been taken to avoid detail that would unnecessarily restrict design. Hence, the specificat

16、ion of components is concerned mainly with design principles and the basic requirements essential to a product of good quality. From the viewpoint of car stability when negotiating curves and undulations, due consideration has been given to the important relationship between the manriding cars formi

17、ng a train, the couplings and the line of coupling thrust (see Fig. 12). Attention is drawn to the serious hazard inherent in the use of aluminium or light alloys in incendive or explosive atmospheres (see 4.2.2). NOTE 1. Where imperial equivalents have been stated, the figures in metric units are t

18、o be regarded as the standard, General conversions should, if required, be based on the tables in BS 350, Conversion factors and tables . NOTB 2. Atfention is drawn to certification fa6ilities offered by BSI; see the back cover of this standard. 3 BS 4854 : 1972 British Standard Specification for Ca

19、rs for manriding in mines Specification 1. Scope This British Standard specifies materials, basic design requirements such as stability and passenger spacing, track parameters and details of certain components for cars designed for the conveyance of men on con- ventional rail track in surface and un

20、derground mineworkings or quarries, using either rope or locomotive haulage. This standard does not include gondola (articulated) type cars which, where required, will in many cases involve considerations additional to those envisaged here. The standard cars provide for the following respective seat

21、ing arrangements: 12 in 6 seats of 2 abreast 16 in 8 seats of 2 abreast 18“ in 6 seats of 3 abreast 24“ in 8 seats of 3 abreast. NOTE. The titles of the British Standards referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover, 2. Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the f

22、ollowing definitions apply: (1) Coupling line. In flat faced buffer-couplings, this is thi buffer face. In couplings.which interpenetrate it is the plane, half way between the two pivot pins when a pair of couplings are coupled up. (2) Line of coupling thrust. The line drawn through the pivot pin ce

23、ntres of a pair of engaged couplings, and projected (see Fig. 12). This line reaches maximum obliquity on a pair of vehicles negotiating a reverse curve. (3) Pivot pin. The fulcrum which allows horizontal swinging of the coupling head in relation to the car chassis, (4) Shank length. The length alon

24、g the axis of the coupling from the pivot pin to the coupling line. (5) Standout. The distance by which the coupling line stands out from end of the car body, with draw- (6) Train. A number of cars coupled together. (7) End throw. The distance by which a point at the end of a car, on the vehicle cen

25、treline, moves hori- springs uncompressed. zontally towards one side of the centreline of the track when the latter is curved. 3. General design requirements 3.1 Dimensions The dimensions of all cars shall comply appropriately with Table 2M and Figs. 1M to 8M. NOTE 1, In the design work, absolute mi

26、nimum allowances of 435 mm (17 in) clear width and 76 kg (168 Ib) mass have been allocated per man. NOTE 2. In determining the clearance underneath cars, cognizance should be taken of the installed height of rollers and other equipment located within the track. * Reduced by 2 seats on low height car

27、s, due to the intrusion of drawgear. 4 BSI BS*985Y 72 U 3b29bb7 0347229 2 = _- . Minimum vertical curve Minimum horizontal curve Minimum length of straight between curves of opposite hand BS 4854-:.I972 1370 2 -Roadway data *- r . ._ . ,. . . Except where otherwise stated, cars shall be designed for

28、 the following trackparameters: . r. . -. . . . .- NOTE. Where practicable, it is desirable for fhere to be at least a 3 m (10 ft) straight length of track between Teverse curves, Le. curves of opposite hand. 3.3 Car design 3.3.1 On canopied cars (see 5) closed sides shall be provided, having the fo

29、llowing widths: f. (1) .between each compartment: 610 mm (2 ft) (2) at each end of the car: 305 mm (1 ft) when measured at a height of 230 mm (9 in) above the seat level. If reversible hammock-type seating is provided, the minimum distance between each row of seats shall be 585 mm (23 in) made up of

30、 closed sides for 150 mm (6 in) arid a minimum opening of 435 mm (17 in). NOTE. Hammock type seats (see 6.2) are considered to have advantages for use on steep and varying gradients. 3.342 On canopied cars, apertures shali be provided on both sides unless otherwise specified. Where apertures on one

31、side only are ordered, provision shall be made for the ready removal, from both inside and outside, and without assistance from the other side of the wall, of Sufficient panelling on the opposite side of the car to allow easy release of injured men, should the car overturn on to the side that contai

32、ns the normal doorways. 3.3.3 On all designs of canopied cars access shall be provided, through at least one side, for a stretcher (see BS 896 : Part 1) carrying an injured person. Seat b+ackrests may be.removab1e to allow for this. Where required, access may also be provided in the car end). 3.3.4

33、On open-type cars armprotection shall be provided, extending not less than 305 mm (1 ft) from the 3.3.5 The wheelbase shall be not less than 36 % of the body length. 3.3.6 End throw of car body on the sharpest curve (see 3.2) shall not exceed 100 mm (4 in). 3.3.7 The suspension shall be such as to c

34、ater for a mahum local rail depression of 50 mm (2 in), at any single wheel, when unladen, without the tread of any wheel leaving the rail. 3.3.8 The design shall be such that, if the car is fully loaded at one end, overhanging one axle, and empty elsewhere, there shall be transmitted to the rails,

35、at the remaining axle, a vertical static force of not less than 25 % of the tare weight of the car, 3.3.9 The design shall be such that, if the car is fully loaded down one side only, overhanging two wheels, there shall be transmitted to the rails at the opposite side of the car a vertical static fo

36、rce of not less than 25 % of the tare weight of the car. NOTE. For the purposes of 3.3.8 and 3,39, unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and the supplier, the design should be based on passengers each weighing 76 kg (168 lb). 3.3.10 Unless otherwise agreed -between the purchaser and the manu

37、facturer, the height of the centreline of the coupling from the level rail shall be: Unladen (max.) 325 mm (12% in) 230 mm (9 in) back of and 230 mm (9 in) above the seat. ,- I- . ,. Medium cars .- Lowcars Fully laden (min.) 280 mm (li in) 210 mm (Si in) BS 4854 : 1972 3.3.11 The length and articula

38、tion of the couplings shall be such that, when cars are coupled on track that is within the parameters laid down in 3,2: (i) the line of coupling thrust shall intersect within the rail gauge the vertical plane of the adjacent axle of each car (see Fig. 12), and (2) the couplings shall not exceed the

39、 limits of their articulation, NOTE. In examining this requirement, clearances between wheel and rail, frame and axlebox, etc. need not be taken into account. 4. Chassis 4.1 General 4.1.1 The chassis shall be basically rectangular in shape with bolted, riveted or welded connections and shall be so d

40、esigned and constructed that there are no sharp edges or projections liable to cause personal injury. Where there is a need to provide for cars being transversely split in two halves, the joint shall be adequate for the strength requirements of the chassis. The chassis shall be designed to withstand

41、 the following loadings: (i) An ultimate tensile load of not less than 10 times the maximum static force down the maximum (2) A compressive load of 100 kN (10 tonf), without permanent deformation. gradient but, in any case, not less than 750 kN (75 tonfe). Where specified by the purchaser the follow

42、ing proof loading shall be applied gradually at the coupling housing central position, to indicate that the car will withstand, without permanent deformation, one or both of the following: a. a tensile load of not less than 190 kN (19 tonf) or 24 times the maximurn static force down the b. a compres

43、sive load of 100 kN (10 tod). maximum gradient, whichever is the greater. NOTE. After proof testing it is advisable to examine all welds associated with drawgear, preferably by a magnetic particle method. 4.1.2 Each end of each car shall be provided with two anchorages for safety chains or ropes, ea

44、ch having not less than 50 % of the ultimate strength of the car, i.e. 375 kN (37.5 tonf) or 5 times the maximum static load down the maximum gradient, whichever is the greater. The anchorages shall be spaced 305 mm (12 in) on each side of the coupling centre; their height shall be not lower than th

45、e centre line of the coupling and not more than 75 mm (3 in) above it (see 12.5). 4.2 Materials The materials used in the construction of manriding cars shall comply with the following requirements. 4.2.1 Steels. Steel shall have physical properties and general qualities not inferior to the requirem

46、ents of the following. Mild steel: Rolled steel section: BS 4360 : Part 2 (Grade 43A) BS 4 : Part 1 or BS 2994 4.22 Light alloys 4.2.2.1 Unless otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, no component shall be made of aluminium, magnesium or titanium, neither shall any alloy contain

47、ing aluminium and/or magnesium and/or titanium be used unless the total content of these three constituents does not exceed 15 % by mass, and in which the content of magnesium and titanium together does not exceed 10 % by mass, No component part shall be painted or coated with preparations containin

48、g, in metallic form, aluminium, magnesium or titanium. NOTE. These limits have been imposed to avoid the hazards of incendive sparking due to friction between rusted steel or iron and the metals in question. * 1 (U.K.) tonf = 9.96401 kN. 6 BSI BS*4854 72 m Lb24669 OLL1722b b m BS 4854 : 1972 4.2.2.2

49、 Light alloys, where used, shall have physical properties and general qualities not inferior to the requirements of the following. Plate : BS 1470 Sections : BS 1474 Bolts and rivets: BS 1473 4.2.3 Welding materials. Welding materials shall comply appropriately with the requirements of the following British Standards. Electrodes for welding mild steel: BS 639 Filler rods for mild steel: BS 1453 4.3 Construction All components shall be accurately made to templates, and positioned in a locating jig to ensure that com- ponents such as whe