BS 4142-2014 Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound《工业和商业声音的评级和评估方法》.pdf
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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS 4142:2014Methods for rating andassessing industrial andcommercial soundPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued. The British Standards Institution 2014Published by BSI Standards Limi
2、ted 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80051 1ICS 17.140.20; 91.120.20The following BSI references relate to the work on this document:Committee reference EH/1/3Draft for comment 14/30268407 DCPublication historyFirst published March 1967Second edition November 1990Third edition September 1997Fourth edition October
3、 2014Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS 4142:2014 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword iii1 Scope 12 Normative references 23 Terms and definitions 24 Preparation 35 Instrumentation 46 Measurement procedure 47 Specific sound level 68 Background sound level 109 Rating level 1310 Uncer
4、tainty 1511 Assessment of the impacts 1612 Information to be reported 18AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Examples of how to use the standard to obtainratings 20Annex B (informative) Consideration of uncertainty and good practice forreducing uncertainty 47Annex C (normative) Objective method for assessin
5、g the audibility of tones insound: One-third octave method 53Annex D (normative) Objective method for assessing the audibility of tones insound: Reference method 53Annex E (normative) Objective method for measuring the prominence ofimpulsive sounds and for adjustment of LAeq63Bibliography 68List of
6、figuresFigure 1 Selecting the measurement time interval 9Figure 2 Selecting the measurement time interval 9Figure 3 Selecting the measurement time interval 10Figure 4 Example of a statistical analysis to determine the background soundlevel 12Figure A.1 Sound level variation with time 20Figure A.2 Me
7、asurement of the factory sound affected by the residualnoise 23Figure A.3 Sound level variations with time 24Figure A.4 Specific sound cycling on and off 26Figure A.5 Sound level outside bedroom window with intermittent plantoperation: LAeqfor entire period 40 dB, residual LAeqwhen no vehicles passi
8、ng28 dB, background LA9027 dB, ambient LAeqwith plant on 36 dB 34Figure A.6 Sound level on patio in rear garden with intermittent plantoperation: LAeqfor entire period 43 dB, residual LAeqwhen no vehicles passing31 dB, background LA9030 dB, ambient LAeqwith plant on 39 dB 38Figure A.7 Sound level ou
9、tside bedroom window with intermittent plantoperation: LAeqfor entire period 45 dB, residual LAeqwhen no vehicles passing33 dB, background LA9032 dB, ambient LAeqwith plant on 41 dB 42Figure A.8 Sound level variation with time 43Figure A.9 Measurement locations 45Figure A.10 Measurement locations 46
10、Figure D.1 Determination of tonal audibility, Lta,and adjustment, Kt56Figure D.2 Definitions of tones, noise, and noise pause (neither tone nornoise) 58Figure D.3 Example 1 61Figure D.4 Example 2 61Figure D.5 Example 3 62Figure D.6 Example 4 63BRITISH STANDARD BS 4142:2014 The British Standards Inst
11、itution 2014 iFigure E.1 Time history of the A-weighted sound pressure levels with timeweighting F 64List of tablesTable A.1 Example 1: Assessment 21Table A.2 Example 2: Assessment 22Table A.3 Example 3: Assessment 25Table A.4 Example 4: Assessment 27Table A.5 Example 5: Assessment 30Table A.6 Examp
12、le 6: Assessment 32Table A.7 Example 7: Assessment 36Table A.8 Example 8: Assessment 40Table A.9 Example 9: Assessment 44Table A.10 Example 11: Assessment 47Table D.1 Widths of critical bands 55Table E.1 Examples of the prominence P and the adjustment KIfor differentsound sources 66Summary of pagesT
13、his document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv,pages 1 to 72, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARDBS 4142:2014ii The British Standards Institution 2014ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licenc
14、e fromThe British Standards Institution, and came into effect on 31 October 2014. Itwas prepared by Sub-committee EH/1/3, Residential and industrial noise, underthe authority of Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics. A list of organizationsrepresented on these committees can be obtained on request to
15、their secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 4142:1997, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentBS 4142 was first published in 1967, and was revised in 1990 to align it withelements of ISO 1996. The 1997 edition clarified aspects of the standard in thelight of comments f
16、rom users.This edition has been prepared under the direction of the Health andEnvironment Sector Board. The general basis for the standard is derived fromthe application of previous editions, together with accumulated experience.Some aspects, including guidance on character corrections, are based up
17、onresearch which has been reported since publication of the previous edition ofthis standard.This edition clarifies the application of the standard. New to this edition is theintroduction of uncertainty, including good practice for reducing uncertainty.The examples in Annex A have been considerably
18、expanded.Response to sound can be subjective and is affected by many factors, bothacoustic and non-acoustic. The significance of its impact, for example, candepend on such factors as the margin by which a sound exceeds the backgroundsound level, its absolute level, time of day and change in the acou
19、sticenvironment, as well as local attitudes to the source of the sound and thecharacter of the neighbourhood. This edition of the standard recognizes theimportance of the context in which a sound occurs. Great care has, therefore,been taken in the use of the words “sound” and “noise”. Sound can beme
20、asured by a sound level meter or other measuring system. Noise is related toa human response and is routinely described as unwanted sound, or sound thatis considered undesirable or disruptive.The documents available as downloads from the sites referenced in theBibliography were last accessed on 30 O
21、ctober 2014.Use of this documentIt has been assumed in the preparation of this British Standard that theexecution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified andexperienced people, for whose use it has been produced.Presentational conventionsThe guidance in this standard is presen
22、ted in roman (i.e. upright) type. Anyrecommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliaryverb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material are presented insmaller italic type.BRITISH STANDARD BS 4142:2014 The British Standards Institution 2014 iiiContra
23、ctual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARDBS 4142:2014iv The British Standards
24、 Institution 20141 Scope1.1 This British Standard describes methods for rating and assessing sound of anindustrial and/or commercial nature, which includes:a) sound from industrial and manufacturing processes;b) sound from fixed installations which comprise mechanical and electricalplant and equipme
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