ASTM F2194-2012 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bassinets and Cradles《摇篮车和摇篮的标准消费者安全规范》.pdf

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1、Designation:F219411 Designation: F2194 12Standard Consumer Safety Specification forBassinets and Cradles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2194; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re

2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety performance specification addresses infant bassinet and cradle incidentsidentified by the U.S. Consumer

3、Product Safety Commission (CPSC).In response to the incident data compiled by the CPSC, this consumer safety performancespecification attempts to minimize the following hazards: (1) suffocation, (2) tip over, (3) collapse, and(4) hood detachment. It also addresses corner post extensions, which may c

4、atch pacifier cords, ribbons,necklaces, or clothing which a child may be wearing and which may be caught on a projection. Thisspecification does not cover products that are blatantly misused or used in a careless manner thatdisregards the safety instructions and warnings provided with each bassinet

5、or cradle.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification covers performance requirements, test methods, and marking requirements to promotesafe use of bassinets and cradles.1.2 This consumer safety performance specification is intended to minimize the risks of incidents to an infant resulting fromno

6、rmal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of a bassinet or cradle.1.3 This consumer safety performance specification covers products intended to provide sleeping accommodations only for aninfant up to approximately 5 months in age,age or when the child begins to push up on hands and knees, whicheve

7、r comes first.Products used in conjunction with an infant swing are not covered by this specification.1.3.1 RationaleThe addition of developmental criteria was added to the 5-month age grade to accommodate varying motorskills in children.1.4 No bassinet or cradle produced after the approval date of

8、this consumer safety performance specification shall, either bylabel or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.1.5 This consumer safety performance specification is not intended to address incidents and injuries resulting from

9、 alterationor unreasonable abuse or misuse of the product by a child or child care giver.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered sta

10、ndard.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion Section 7 of this consumer safety performancespecification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standar

11、d to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestF406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play YardsF96

12、3 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety2.2 Federal Regulations:316 CFR 1220 Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.18 on Cribs, ToddlerBeds, Play

13、Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Changing Tables.Current edition approved July 15, 2011.June 1, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as F2194 101. DOI:10.1520/F2194-112.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

14、 contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC

15、 20401.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult p

16、rior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint

17、 and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations Including Sections16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys and Other Articles for Use by Children UnderEight Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requiremen

18、ts for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended forUse by Children Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of Age WhichPresent Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because

19、 of Small Parts16 CFR 1509Requirements for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs2.3 Other References:CAMI Dummy, MARK II (see Fig. 1)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bassinet/cradle, nsmall bed for infants supported by free standing legs, a wheeled base, a rocking base, or which canswing relative to a statio

20、nary base.3.1.2bassinet/cradle attachmentsmall bed designed exclusively to provide sleeping accommodations for infants supported byfree standing legs, a wheeled base, a rocking base, or which can swing relative to a stationary base.4Department of Transportation Memorandum Report AAC-119-74-14, Revis

21、ion II, Drawing No. SA-1001 by Richard Chandler, July 2, 1974. Federal AviationAdministration, Civil Aeromedical Institute, Protection and Survival Laboratory, Aeromedical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.FIG. 1 CAMI Infant Dummy, Mark II 17.5 lb (7.9 kg)F2194 1223.1.1.1 DiscussionWhile in a rest (no

22、n-rocking or swinging) position, a bassinet/cradle is intended to have a horizontal sleepsurface.3.1.2 bassinet/cradle accessory, naccessory with a rigid frame that attaches to non-full size crib/play yard designed forsleeping. a supported sleep surface that attaches to a crib or play yard designed

23、to convert the product into a bassinet/cradleintended to have a horizontal sleep surface while in a rest (non-rocking) position.3.1.3 conspicuous, adjdescribes a label that is visible, when the bassinet/cradle is in a manufacturers recommended useposition, to a person standing near the bassinet/crad

24、le at any one position around the bassinet/cradle but not necessarily visible fromall other positions.3.1.4 double action release mechanism, nmechanism requiring either two consecutive actions, the first of which must bemaintained while the second is carried out or two separate and independent singl

25、e action locking mechanisms that must beactivated simultaneously to fully release.3.1.5 fabric, nany woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded, or calendared flexible material that is intended to be sewn,welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.3.1.53.1.6 manufacturers recommended use po

26、sition, nany position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature. This specifically excludespositions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unaccepta

27、ble, unsafe, or not recommended.3.1.63.1.7 maximum deflection angle, nthe maximum rock/swing angle measurement allowed by the product design in themanufacturers recommended use position in the manner normally associated with rocking/swinging as intended by themanufacturer.3.1.8 mesh, nmesh may be ei

28、ther a woven fabric in which the warp and filling yarns are interlaced, knitted fabric in whichthe wales and courses yarns are interlocked, or any other type of fabric that may be developed that provides openings therein.3.1.73.1.9 non-paper label, nany label material (such as plastic or metal) that

29、 either will not tear without the aid of tools or tearsleaving a sharply defined edge.3.1.83.1.10 occupant, nthat individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturers recommended use positions.3.1.93.1.11 paper label, nany label material that tears without the aid of tools and l

30、eaves a fibrous edge.3.1.103.1.12 play yard bassinet, nbassinet accessory usually suspended in the upper portion of the play yard and typically has afolding and/or segmented mattress.3.1.13 removable cover, na fabric cover encompassing the recommended sleeping area for the occupant of the product, t

31、hatuses snaps, zippers, hook and loop, buttons or other fasteners to attach to a bassinet/cradle frame that requires consumer actionas a step for removal or adjustment.3.1.14 rest angle, nthe resulting angle measurement of the bassinet/cradle sleeping surface after the maximum deflectionangle is app

32、lied and released and the product has come to a complete rest.3.1.15 seam, nmeans for joining fabric components, such as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.3.1.113.1.16 static load, nvertically downward force applied by a calibrated force gauge or by dead weights.4. Calibration and Standardiza

33、tion4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with18-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover, unlessthe test instructs differently.4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.4.3 No testing sh

34、all be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 h prior to testing.Testing then shall be conducted within this temperature range.4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducte

35、d on the same unit.4.6 Angle measurements shall be obtained using a digital inclinometer capable of 0.1 minimum resolution.4.7 A force gauge with a minimum range of 0 to 25 lbf (110 N), accuracy of 60.25 lb.5. General Requirements5.1 Lead in PaintsThe paint or surface coating on the product shall co

36、mply with 16 CFR 1303.5.2 Hazardous Sharp Edges or PointsThere shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and16 CFR 1500.49 before and after testing to this consumer safety specification.5.3 Small PartsThere shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501 before testi

37、ng or liberated as a result of testing tothis specification.F2194 1235.4 Wood PartsPrior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free of splinters.5.5 Scissoring, Shearing, or PinchingAproduct, when in the manufacturers recommended use position shall be designed andconstructed so as t

38、o prevent injury to the occupant from scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotateabout a common axis, or fastening points, slide, pivot, fold or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, orpinching that may cause injury shall not be permissible when the ed

39、ges of any rigid parts admit a probe that is greater than a0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and less than a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of suchparts.5.6 Unintentional Folding:5.6.1 Products designed without latching or locking devices must remain in the man

40、ufacturers recommended use positionduring and upon completion of the test, in accordance with 7.5.1.5.6.2 Products designed with a single action release mechanism latching or locking devices must remain in the manufacturersrecommended use position during and upon completion of the test, in accordanc

41、e with 7.5.2.5.6.3 Products with a double action release mechanism latching or locking device shall require two distinct and separate actionsfor release of the mechanism.5.7 OpeningsHoles or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)thick an

42、d admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that arebetween 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but are limited indepth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by another rigid s

43、urface shall be permissible (see Fig. 2). The product shall be evaluatedFIG. 2 Opening ExampleF2194 124in all manufacturers recommended use positions.5.8 Labeling:5.8.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.2.1-7.2.3.5.8.2 Warning statements

44、applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning,etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.2.4.1-7.2.4.3.5.8.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 7.2.5.5.9 FastenersWoodscrews shall not

45、be used in the assembly of any components that must be removed by the consumer inthe normal disassembly of a bassinet/cradle.5.10 Corner Posts:5.10.1 No corner post assembly shall extend more than 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) above the upper edge of an end or side panel,whichever is higher, when measured from

46、the lowest point on the upper edge of the end panel within 3 in. (76 mm) from theoutermost contour of the elbow (see Fig. 3).5.10.2 The limitations in 5.10.1 do not apply to a corner post assembly that extends at least 16 in. (406 mm) above theuppermost surface of the side rail in its highest positi

47、on.5.10.2.1 Corner posts intended to accept removable vertical extensions made up of two or more segments (such as canopy postextensions) shall not permit the attachment of individual segments such that the resultant vertical extension would be in violationof the dimensional requirements of 5.10.2.5

48、.11 ToysToy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with a bassinet or cradle, as well as their means of attachment,must meet the applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specification F963.5.11.1 Toy mobiles that attach solely to a bassinet or cradle are not required to contain labeling

49、as stated in Consumer SafetySpecification F963, Section 5.6.2 (Safety Labeling Mobiles).5.12 Bassinet/Cradle AttachmentAccessory to Play Yard/Non-Full-Sized CribBassinet attachmentA bassinet accessoryintended to be attached to, removable from, sold with or separately from a play yard or non-full-sized crib shall comply with therequirements of this specification and Consumer Safety Specification F406 when attached in the manufacturers recommended useposition.5.13 Occupant Restraint SystemNo product shall contain a restraint system in