ASTM C904-2001(2006) Standard Terminology Relating to Chemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials《耐化学腐蚀的非金属材料标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: C 904 01 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Terminology Relating toChemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 904; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.acid etch, vto clean or alter a surface by the application ofacid.adhesionthe physical attraction of two substances, espe-cially

3、the macroscopically observable attraction of dissimilarsubstances.aggregateany inert material such as sand, gravel, slag,carbon, etc., usually consisting of various-sized particles andused with chemical-resistant binders to form chemical-resistant mortars.back jointa vertical mortar joint, parallel

4、to the verticalsubstrate, between a chemical-resistant construction unit anda substrate or another chemical-resistant construction unit.bearing areafor chemical-resistant polymer machinerygrout, the portion of the grout surface in contact with theunderside of a supported surface.bed jointa horizonta

5、l mortar joint between a chemical-resistant construction unit and a substrate or anotherchemical-resistant construction unit.bend angle180 minus the internal angle created by apply-ing a load on the weld joining two sheets of plastic.bindera substance used to bond aggregates or fillers, orboth, into

6、 a solid mass.broadcast resin monolithic floor surfacinga flooring sys-tem whereby a film of catalyzed resin binder is applied on aprepared concrete substrate followed immediately by theseeding to excess, into this wet film, of a dry inert filler.Upon hardening, any unbonded filler is removed. Theap

7、plication may be repeated once or several times to yield agreater thickness of surfacing. A top coat may be applied.butt welding (machine)the fusing together of two pieces ofplastic which are aligned in the same plane, with the samemating thickness, by application of heat and pressure. Alsocalled ho

8、t-plate welding.castable, na combination of filler and suitable binder that isgenerally poured or compacted into place and which hard-ens.catalysta substance whose presence initiates or changes therate of a chemical reaction, but does not itself enter into thereaction.DISCUSSIONOccasionally used in

9、the vernacular to describe asetting agent, hardener, curing agent, or promoter, etc.chemical-resistantthe ability of a material to resist degra-dation by reaction with, dissolution by, or reduction ofphysical continuity from contact with a chemical agent oragents, thereby retaining its capacity to p

10、erform as a struc-tural or aesthetic entity.chemical-resistant carbon bricka brick comprised of car-bon (including graphite) that is carbon bonded and fired to aminimum temperature of 1850F (1010C). This brick ex-hibits good resistance to thermal shock and resists exposureto a wide range of alkalies

11、 and acids, particularly hydrof-luoric acid. When used in oxidizing conditions, temperatureexposure should be less than 600F (315C).chemical-resistant construction unita modular nonmetallicmaterial, either vitreous or nonvitreous, used in industrialprocesses primarily for applications where chemical

12、, ther-mal, and mechanical resistance is required.chemical-resistant fireclay or shale bricka kiln fired brickfrom clay, shale, or mixtures thereof that exhibits lowabsorption and high resistance to a wide range of chemicalenvironments. This brick should not be used in hot caustic orwhere hydrofluor

13、ic acid or other fluoride chemical com-pounds are found. Commonly referred to as acid-resistantbrick or acid-proof brick.chemical-resistant polymer concretea construction mate-rial composed of a continuous phase (binder) of a polymerand a discontinuous phase (aggregate) generally used inapplications

14、 where chemical resistance is required.chemical-resistant resin grouta mixture of liquid resin,filler and setting agent. The components form a mixture thatsubsequently hardens by chemical reaction. The settingagent may be separate or incorporated in the filler.chemical-resistant polymer machinery gr

15、outan intimatemixture of liquid resinous material, selected filler materials,and setting agent, which harden by chemical reaction toprovide support for machine bases.chemical-resistant resin monolithic surfacingan intimatemixture of liquid resinous materials, selected filler materials,1This terminol

16、ogy is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C03 onChemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee C03.05 on Terminology.Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2006. Published October 2006. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as

17、C 904 01.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and setting agent. These components are mixed together,placed to a minimum thickness of 60 mils (1.5 mm), thenhardened to form a bonded overlay.chemical-resistant resin mortara

18、n intimate mixture ofliquid resinous material, selected filler materials, and settingagent. These components form a trowelable mortar thatsubsequently hardens by chemical reaction.chemical-resistant tile groutan intimate mixture of liquidresinous material, selected filler materials, and setting agen

19、t.These components form a flowable mixture that subse-quently hardens by chemical reaction.DISCUSSIONThis grout is applied to fill open joints betweenchemical-resistant brick or tile.chemical setting silicate and silica chemical-resistantmortaran intimate mixture of a silicate or silica binder, ache

20、mically inert solid filler, and a setting agent. The bindermay be a liquid silicate or silica, or a powder to which wateris added. These components are subsequently hardened bythe chemical reaction between the setting agent and thebinder.cohesionthe mutual attraction by which elements of asubstance

21、are held pressive strengththe maximum stress that a specimenor material will support when subjected to a crushing forceapplied at a specified rate.creeptime dependent deformation of a material under load.deflectiondeformation or displacement from the originalcontour or shape.degradationa deleterious

22、 change in the physical or chemicalproperties, or both, of a material.densitythe weight per unit volume in air, expressed inpounds per cubic foot of a product.DISCUSSIONDensity may be expressed in other common units, whendesired, by using appropriate conversion factors.epoxy resina viscous liquid or

23、 brittle solid containingepoxide groups that can be crosslinked into final form bymeans of a chemical reaction with a variety of setting agentsused with or without heat.extrusion weldinga process in which heated plastic is forcedthrough a shaping orifice (or die) and applied with pressureto suitably

24、 prepared, locally preheated plastic pieces of thesame resin base, to join them.face surface bendprocedure whereby load is applied per-pendicular to the weld axis of the joint, at the weld, such thatthe weld face is subject to tension.furan resina thermosetting catalyzed condensation reactionproduct

25、 from furfuryl alcohol, furfural or combinationthereof.fusion weldinga joining process in which the mating sur-faces of two thermoplastic parts are melted by induced heatand rapidly pressed together while still molten to form ahomogeneous bond.head jointthe mortar joint perpendicular to the substrat

26、e andperpendicular to the direction of the course being laid. On afloor it may be called a cross joint.hot-gas weldinga technique for joining thermoplastics (usu-ally sheets) in which the materials are first softened by a jetof hot gas from a welding gun. A rod of the same plastic isused to fill the

27、 heated gap and join the sheets at the sametime pressure is applied by either the rod or the tip of thegun. Sometimes referred to as string bead welding.hot-plate weldingsee butt welding (machine).hydraulic mortara mortar that is capable of setting andhardening due to the interaction of water and th

28、e constituentsof the mortar.initial setting timethe time interval from the start of mixingthe component parts at a specified temperature, (a) to thattime when a Gillmore needle weighing 1 lb (454 g) andhaving a tip124 in. (1 mm) in diameter by316 in. (5 mm)long will penetrate mortar58 in. (16 mm) th

29、ick to a depth of316 in. (5 mm) in 1 min, or, (b) to that time at which a14 in.(6.4 mm) wide joint of the mortar between bricks is indentedless than124 in. (1 mm) by a Vicat needle during a 10-minperiod.monolithic, na material of uniform composition applied as acontinuous surface or structure.phenol

30、ic resina thermosetting condensation product ob-tained by reacting phenol with an aldehyde.polyester resina condensation product resulting from achemical reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and a dihy-droxy alcohol or by the polymerization of a hydroxycarboxylic acid.resinouscontaining a polymer as

31、 a binder that is eitherhardened by chemical action (thermosetting), by the evapo-ration of a solvent, or by melting for application (thermo-plastic).root bendprocedure whereby a loading nose is applied alongthe weld face such that the weld root is subject to tension.secant modulusthe slope of a lin

32、e drawn from the origin toany specified point on the stress-strain curve.service strength setting timethe time interval, after theinitial mixing of the composition, at a specific temperature,at which time the product has acquired 90 % of its specifiedstrength.setting agentthe component of a mixture

33、that catalyzes orreacts with the resin component to cause hardening bypolymerization.short term weld factora dimensionless number that pro-vides a relative measure of the tensile strength of a weldedthermoplastic test specimen to the tensile strength of themanufactured sheet.shrinkagea reduction in

34、size of a composition which occursduring its hardening process, curing process, or both.shrinkage, lineara reduction in the length of a cast bar of acomposition during its hardening process, curing process, orboth.shrinkage, unrestraineda reduction in size of a composi-tion which occurs during its h

35、ardening process, curingprocess, or both, with no external forces applied that caninhibit such reduction.shrinkage, volumea reduction in occupied space of acomposition during its hardening process, curing process, orboth.side surface bendprocedure whereby a load is applied onthe weld in line with th

36、e weld axis.C 904 01 (2006)2slurry-broadcast resin monolithic surfacinga flooring sys-tem whereby a dry inert filler is added to a catalyzed resinbinder to yield a semi-flowable consistency. This mixture isthen poured onto the substrate and spread to desired thick-ness, followed immediately by seedi

37、ng the fresh surface toexcess with a dry inert filler. Upon hardening, any unbondedfiller is removed. The application may be repeated once orseveral times to yield a greater thickness of surfacing. A topcoat may be applied.socket welding (machine)a joining technique for thermo-plastic pipe whereby t

38、he joining surfaces of the pipe and thefitting are inserted into a heating mandrel that is equippedwith appropriate sized male and female heater bushings. Thesurfaces are heated to the melt point, removed, and heldtogether under pressure until fused.spin welding (machine)a joining technique used for

39、 bond-ing thermoplastic parts by frictional heat caused by differ-ential rotation of one or both pieces. Rotation is then stoppedand pressure held until heat is dissipated. Also known asfrictional welding.strain, linearthe change in length of a specimen due to anapplied stress relative to the origin

40、al length of the specimenbefore the stress was applied. Linear strain is often shown as:L22 L1L1where:L1= original length of specimen, andL2= length of the specimen when subjected to an appliedstress.strain ratethe rate of relative length deformation with timedue to an applied stress. Strain rate is

41、 often shown as:L22 L1L1T22 T1!where:L1= original length of specimen,L2= length of the specimen when subjected to an appliedstress,T1= time when stress is applied, andT2= time when L2is measured.sulfur concretesee sulfur polymer cement concrete.sulfur modifierthe concentrated product produced by rea

42、ct-ing sulfur with a hydrocarbon material, used with additionalelemental sulfur to produce a binder for sulfur polymercement concrete.sulfur mortara product consisting of fillers, such as carbonor silica flour, dispersed in sulfur. Small amounts of modi-fying additives may be included.sulfur polymer

43、 cementthe product obtained by reactingsulfur with chemical modifiers to produce a binder for sulfurpolymer cement concrete.sulfur polymer cement concretea thermoplastic chemical-resistant construction material composed of sulfur polymercement binder composed of elemental sulfur and sulfurmodifier,

44、hot-mixed with appropriate types and amounts ofaggregate and mineral filler. Commonly referred to as sulfurconcrete or sulfur polymer concretesulfur polymer concretesee sulfur polymer cement con-crete.symmetrical welda fused joint joining two sheets in whichthe joint and weld configuration on either

45、 side of the sheetsis identical.tangent modulusthe slope of a tangent line drawn at thesteepest initial portion of the stress-strain curve.thermoplasticany one of a group of materials capable ofbeing repeatedly softened or melted by increases in tempera-ture followed by subsequent solidification on

46、cooling.thermoplastic weldthe joining together of two plastic sur-faces by a combination of heat and pressure, with or withoutfiller material.thixotropythe property of a material to thin upon isothermalagitation and to thicken upon subsequent rest.vinyl ester resina thermosetting reaction product of

47、 epoxyresin with a polymerizable unsaturated acid usually meth-acrylic acid, which is then diluted with a reactivemonomerusually styrene.working time (chemical-resistant mortars)the time inter-val in minutes after initial mixing of the component parts, ata specific temperature and in the absence of

48、direct sunlight,in which the mortar may be applied to a brick or tile surfacewithout curling behind the trowel.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comment

49、s are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive